The blue-breasted kingfisher is a tree kingfisher widely distributed across Equatorial Africa. This kingfisher is essentially resident, but retreats from drier savanna areas to wetter habitats in the dry season.
The reed cormorant, also known as the long-tailed cormorant, is a bird in the cormorant family Phalacrocoracidae. It breeds in much of Africa south of the Sahara, and Madagascar. It is resident but undertakes some seasonal movements.
The São Tomé shrew is a white-toothed shrew about 3.0 in (7.6 cm) long found only on São Tomé Island, São Tomé and Príncipe. It is listed as a critically endangered species due to habitat loss and a restricted range. It was discovered in 1886. The population continues to decrease, making these animals rare. It is found only on São Tomé Island, a small island that is actually a shield volcano that rises out of the Atlantic Ocean.
The Príncipe seedeater is a species of finch in the family Fringillidae. It is found only on the islands of São Tomé and Príncipe off the west coast of Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest and subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest.
Ptychadena newtoni is a species of frog in the family Ptychadenidae. It is endemic to the island of São Tomé in São Tomé and Príncipe, where it occurs up to 600 metres elevation. Its natural habitats are swamps, freshwater marshes, arable land, plantations, rural gardens, urban areas, heavily degraded former forest, ponds, and canals and ditches. It is threatened by habitat loss. The animal was first described as Rana newtoni by Bocage in 1886. The species is named after Francisco Xavier Oakley de Aguiar Newton (1864–1909).
The island bronze-naped pigeon, also known as the São Tomé bronze-naped pigeon, is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is endemic to the Gulf of Guinea islands of Annobón, São Tomé and Príncipe. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest. It is part of the subgenus Turturoena. The species of birds was described by Jules and Edouard Verreaux in 1851.
The São Tomé fiscal, or Newton's fiscal, is a species of bird in the family Laniidae. It is endemic to São Tomé Island, São Tomé and Príncipe. It is 20 to 21 centimeters long. The bird is black above with a white shoulder-scapular bar. The São Tomé fiscal has a pale yellow chin, breast, belly, flanks vent and under tail. Its graduated tail has all black central tail feathers and an increasing amount of white on outer web from inner to outer tail feathers. The Lanius newtoni has a clear voice with a whistle tiuh tiuh often repeated and metallic tsink tsink audible over a long distance.
The Príncipe weaver is a species of bird in the family Ploceidae. It is endemic to São Tomé and Príncipe, where it is found on the island of Príncipe. It was described by Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1851. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
The São Tomé weaver is a species of bird in the family Ploceidae. It is endemic to São Tomé and Príncipe. They are found in the island of São Tomé. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
The São Tomé prinia is a species of bird in the family Cisticolidae. It is endemic to São Tomé and Príncipe and is found in the island of São Tomé. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forest and subtropical or tropical moist shrubland. The species was named by José Vicente Barbosa du Bocage in 1887.
The São Tomé free-tailed bat is a species of bat in the family Molossidae. It is endemic to São Tomé and Príncipe. Its natural habitats are dry savanna, moist savanna, and plantations. It is threatened by habitat loss. Only three individuals have ever been documented.
The São Tomé collared fruit bat is a species of megabat in the family Pteropodidae. It is endemic to São Tomé and Príncipe. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat destruction. This bat is unique in that it is the only known mammal where the whole population has an asymmetrical dental formula.
Archachatina bicarinata, the Obô giant snail, or black snail, is a species of air-breathing tropical land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Achatinidae.
Orthetrum stemmale is a species of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. It is found in Angola, Benin, Botswana, Cameroon, Central African Republic, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, São Tomé and Príncipe, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and possibly Burundi. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, intermittent rivers, shrub-dominated wetlands, swamps, intermittent freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marshes.
Palpopleura lucia, the Lucia Widow, is a species of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. It is found in Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, São Tomé and Príncipe, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and possibly Burundi. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, rivers, intermittent rivers, shrub-dominated wetlands, swamps, freshwater lakes, intermittent freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, and freshwater springs.
Mapania ferruginea is a species of plant in the sedge family, Cyperaceae. It is found in Cameroon and São Tomé and Príncipe. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Pradoxa confirmata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. It occurs on the islands of São Tomé and Príncipe.
Pradoxa thomensis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. The specific name thomensis refers to the island of São Tomé, where the species is found.
Bulinus forskalii is a species of tropical freshwater snail with a sinistral shell, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Bulinidae, the ramshorn snails and their allies.
Phrynobatrachus leveleve is a species of frogs in the family Phrynobatrachidae. It is endemic to São Tomé and Príncipe and is listed as least concern by the IUCN. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, rivers, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, plantations, rural gardens, heavily degraded former forest, and ponds. They are found on the island of São Tomé and the associated Ilhéu das Rolas in areas up to 1,412 meters above sea level.
