Nokre salmar

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Nokre salmar appeared in several editions, initially anonymously Nokresalmar2.jpg
Nokre salmar appeared in several editions, initially anonymously

Nokre salmar (Some Hymns) was the first Nynorsk hymnal. It was published anonymously by Elias Blix. [1] The volume was first issued as smaller booklets, with the first in 1869, [1] [2] and then in 1870 and 1875, and then in an expanded version in 1883 published by Det Norske Samlaget. [1] On March 4, 1892 Nokre Salmar was authorized for use in public worship, and these Landsmål hymns were then incorporated into Landstad's hymnal as nos. 635 to 791. [2]

Nynorsk is one of the two written standards of the Norwegian language, the other being Bokmål. Nynorsk was established in 1929 as one of two state-sanctioned fusions of Ivar Aasen's standard Norwegian language (Landsmål) with the Dano-Norwegian written language (Riksmål), the other such fusion being called Bokmål. Nynorsk is a variation which is closer to Landsmål, whereas Bokmål is closer to Riksmål.

Elias Blix Norwegian writer

Elias Blix was a Norwegian professor, theologian, hymn writer, and a politician for the Liberal Party. Blix wrote numerous hymns and was largely responsible for translating the New Testament into the Norwegian language.

Det Norske Samlaget is a Norwegian publishing house founded on 24 March 1868 with the aim to promote and publish books in Landsmål, now known as Nynorsk.

Contents

In 1908, the Liturgical Readings and Agenda for the Church of Norway (Tekstbok og altarbok for den norske kyrkja) in Peter Hognestad's translation was authorized for public use. [3] [4] In addition, the litany and pulpit hymns were also authorized, and in later editions these were added in what was known as the "Blix Supplement" as nos. 785 to 791.

Agenda (liturgy)

The name Agenda is given, particularly in the Lutheran Church, to the official books dealing with the forms and ceremonies of divine service.

Church of Norway Evangelical-Lutheran denomination in Norway

The Church of Norway is an evangelical Lutheran denomination of Protestant Christianity and by far the largest Christian church in Norway, with membership mandatory for everyone until the 19th century.

Peter Hognestad was a Norwegian Lutheran bishop, theologian, writer, and translator. Hognestad was from Jæren in Norway and he served as the Bishop of the Diocese of Bjørgvin from 1916 until his death in 1931.

The first churches to adopt Blix's hymnal were Ranem Church and Skage Church in the parish of Namdal in the municipality of Overhalla in 1892. [5] By 1901, 76 parishes had done so, and this number grew to 266 by 1914 and to over 500 by 1926. In many places there were disagreements about the Blix Supplement. An 1892 resolution created a basis for many parishes to not use the Blix Supplement. In 1926, a royal resolution was adopted that those using Hauge's and Landstad's hymnals should also use the hymns in Nokre salmar. [6] However, by that time Landstad's revised hymnal and the Nynorsk hymnal had already been adopted.

Ranem Church Church in Trøndelag, Norway

Ranem Church is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Overhalla municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Ranemsletta. It is the church for the Ranem parish which is part of the Namdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros.

Skage Church Church in Trøndelag, Norway

Skage Church is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Overhalla municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Skage. It is the church for the Skage parish which is part of the Namdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The white, wooden, Neo-gothic church was built in a long church style in 1903 by the architect Ole Scheistrøen. The church seats about 330 people.

Overhalla Municipality in Trøndelag, Norway

Overhalla is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Namdalen region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Ranemsletta. Other villages include Melen, Skage, Skogmo, Svalia, and Øysletta.

Early editions

The second edition was published in 1883 and contained 68 hymns, of which 39 were newly written and 29 were translated.

The third edition was issued in Bergen in 1887 and had the same contents as the second edition, the only difference being that it was printed in an Antiqua typeface instead of Fraktur.

Bergen City and municipality in Western Norway

Bergen, historically Bjørgvin, is a city and municipality in Hordaland on the west coast of Norway. At the end of the first quarter of 2018, the municipality's population was 280,216, and the Bergen metropolitan region has about 420,000 inhabitants. Bergen is the second-largest city in Norway. The municipality covers 465 square kilometres (180 sq mi) and is on the peninsula of Bergenshalvøyen. The city centre and northern neighbourhoods are on Byfjorden, 'the city fjord', and the city is surrounded by mountains; Bergen is known as the 'city of seven mountains'. Many of the extra-municipal suburbs are on islands. Bergen is the administrative centre of Hordaland, and consists of eight boroughs: Arna, Bergenhus, Fana, Fyllingsdalen, Laksevåg, Ytrebygda, Årstad, and Åsane.

Antiqua (typeface class)

Antiqua ) is a style of typeface used to mimic styles of handwriting or calligraphy common during the 15th and 16th centuries. Letters are designed to flow and strokes connect together in a continuous fashion; in this way it is often contrasted with Fraktur-style typefaces where the individual strokes are broken apart. The two typefaces were used alongside each other in the germanophone world, with the Antiqua–Fraktur dispute often dividing along ideological or political lines. After the mid-20th century, Fraktur fell out of favor and Antiqua-based typefaces became the official standard.

Fraktur Typeface

Fraktur is a calligraphic hand of the Latin alphabet and any of several blackletter typefaces derived from this hand. The blackletter lines are broken up; that is, their forms contain many angles when compared to the smooth curves of the Antiqua (common) typefaces modeled after antique Roman square capitals and Carolingian minuscule. From this, Fraktur is sometimes contrasted with the "Latin alphabet" in northern European texts, which is sometimes called the "German alphabet", simply being a typeface of the Latin alphabet. Similarly, the term "Fraktur" or "Gothic" is sometimes applied to all of the blackletter typefaces.

The fourth and fifth editions, which were authorized for church use in 1892, contained 150 hymns. The books were also printed as a supplement to Landstad's hymnal containing 157 hymns; the last seven of these were the litany and pulpit hymns.

Landstads kirkesalmebog, often simply known as Landstads salmebok, was the most important hymnal for the Church of Norway from 1870 to 1926.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 Norsk biografisk leksikon: Elias Blix.
  2. 1 2 Store norske leksikon: Elias Blix.
  3. ↑ Bolling, Reidar Olav Jonsson. 1951. Bernt Støylen. Oslo: Norske samlaget, p. 103.
  4. ↑ Norsk bogfortegnelse. 1910. Christiania: Alb. Cammermeyer, p. 110.
  5. ↑ Bolling, Reidar. 1953. Elias Blix. Oslo: Det Norske samlaget, p. 157.
  6. ↑ Fjermedal, Aslak. 1969. Iveland, vol. 3. Iveland: Iveland Bygdesogenemda, p. 158.

Further reading

International Standard Book Number Unique numeric book identifier

The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a numeric commercial book identifier which is intended to be unique. Publishers purchase ISBNs from an affiliate of the International ISBN Agency.

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