Non-Neutral Independents Independientes No Neutrales | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Founded | 25 August 2020 |
| Ideology | Big tent |
| Political position | Center-left [1] |
| Constitutional Convention | 11 / 155 |
| Election symbol | |
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| Website | |
| independientesnoneutrales.cl | |
Non-Neutral Independents (Spanish : Independientes No Neutrales) is a loose coalition of independent candidates that was created in Chile to participate in the 2021 elections for members of the Constitutional Convention. [2] [3] [4]
It was established on 25 August 2020 [5] by a group of civil society citizens, including Agustín Squella, Benito Baranda, Andrea Repetto, Rodrigo Jordán, Heinrich von Baer and Eduardo Engel, with the intention of supporting the options "Approve" and "Constitutional Convention" in the plebiscite of the same year. They expressed that "a new Constitution is needed to define the bases of an updated institutionality, with a modern chapter of duly guaranteed fundamental rights, a balanced and transparent national, regional and communal political regime, a recognition of the plurinational character of the country, a greater and effective decentralization, and a review of its constitutional justice". [4]
After the referendum, the group began to make its list of candidates for the Constitutional Convention, led by Benito Baranda, and it also began to gather the necessary signatures to confirm its legality for the election. [6] Among its candidates there were more than 30 people from different regions of Chile, including the journalist Patricia Politzer and the constitutional lawyer Miriam Henríquez. [7] [8]
To facilitate the participation of independent candidates in the elections for the Constitutional Convention, the movement has requested that legal changes be made to reduce the number of signatures required to sponsor independent candidates, facilitate said sponsorship by means of a digital signature and allow the formation of agreements between independents. Its efforts include participation in Senate committees where these legislative reforms are discussed. [9]
The group submitted lists of independent candidates in 21 of the 28 electoral districts. The names used by the Non-Neutral Independent lists varied by district: [10] [11]
Chile Vamos is a centre-right to right-wing political coalition of three political parties in Chile. The coalition was created on 29 January 2015 by the general secretaries of the Independent Democrat Union (UDI), National Renewal (RN), Democratic Independent Regionalist Party (PRI) and Political Evolution (Evópoli).
The Broad Front was a Chilean political coalition founded in early 2017, composed of left-wing parties and movements. Its first electoral contest was the 2017 Chilean general election, where their presidential candidate Beatriz Sánchez came third with 20% of the vote in the first round of election. The Broad Front also expanded their electoral representation to 20 deputies, 1 senator and 21 out of 278 Regional Councillors, thus consolidating the movement as the 'third force' in Chilean politics.
An election for the members of the Constitutional Convention was held in Chile between 15 and 16 May 2021. This election was called after 78% of voters in the 2020 national plebiscite voted to write a new Constitution through this method.
The Libertarian Left is a Chilean political and social movement formed in 2015 from the merger of the Libertarian Communist Organization (OCL), the Libertarian Students Front (FEL), the Ernesto Miranda Fighting Muralist Units (UMLEM) and other groups.
The Constitutional Convention was the constituent body of the Republic of Chile in charge of drafting a new Political Constitution of the Republic after the approval of the national plebiscite held in October 2020. Its creation and regulation were carried out through Law No. 21,200, published on 24 December 2019, which amended the Political Constitution of the Republic to include the process of drafting a new constitution. The body met for the first time on 4 July 2021. Chilean President Sebastian Piñera said, "This Constitutional Convention must, within a period of 9 months, extendable for an additional 3 months, draft and approve a new constitution for Chile, which must be ratified by the citizens through a plebiscite." It ended its functions and declared itself dissolved on 4 July 2022.
A constitutional referendum was held in Chile on 4 September 2022, in order to determine whether the public agreed with the text of a new Political Constitution of the Republic drawn up by the Constitutional Convention. It was commonly referred to as the "exit plebiscite".
Constituent Unity was a political alliance in Chile. It included the former members of the Concentration of Parties for Democracy, plus the Progressive Party and Citizens.
Apruebo Dignidad was a democratic socialist Chilean electoral coalition officially created on 11 January 2021, by the Broad Front and Chile Digno in preparation for the Constitutional Convention election.
Elisa Loncón Antileo is a Mapuche linguist and indigenous rights activist in Chile. In 2021, Loncón was elected as one of the representatives of the Mapuche people for the Chilean Constitutional Convention. Following in the inauguration of the body, Loncón was elected President of the Constitutional Convention. This role, along with her academic career, has placed her at the center of public attention and controversy. In particular, her formal education became a subject of public scrutiny when the Council for Transparency (CPLT) demanded the release of her academic records, igniting a debate about the intersection of race, class, and public transparency in Chile.
Patricia Politzer is a Chilean journalist and writer.
Tiare Maeva Carolina Aguilera Hey is a Rapa Nui attorney and politician. In 2021, she was elected to represent the Rapa Nui people in the Chilean Constitutional Convention.
Benito José Baranda Ferrán is a Chilean psychologist who is a member of the Chilean Constitutional Convention.
Eduardo Guillermo Castillo Vigoroux is a Chilean lawyer who was elected as a member of the Chilean Constitutional Convention.
Martín Arrau García-Huidobro is a Chilean engineer who is member of the Chilean Constitutional Convention. He previously served as intendant of the Ñuble Region.
Camila Fernanda Musante Müller is a Chilean lawyer, feminist activist and politician. Elected to the Chamber of Deputies for district 14 in 2021, she is one of the first openly bisexual Chilean congresswomen along with Francisca Bello.
Amarillos por Chile, sometimes written Amarillos x Chile (AxCh), is a political movement and party in Chile which was established with the goal to back away the Constitutional Convention (2021−2022) led by that country's left-wing.
Constitutional Council elections were held in Chile on 7 May 2023. Voting was compulsory, and resulted in an electoral victory for right-wing parties, passing the threshold of a three-fifths majority of constitutional council members to freely draft a new constitution, removing the veto option from left-wing members. This marked a sharp shift from a left-wing majority that freely drafted a rejected first constitutional rewrite in 2021 and was described as a political loss for President Gabriel Boric.
The Expert Commission in Chile was a 24 member body created to assist in the drafting of a new constitution by the second constituent assembly. Its primary objective was to draft a constitution for the Constitutional Council before it began its work, and the commission's text was to be used as a starting point.
Meanwhile, some assembly members who define themselves as "non-neutral independents" – and who make up an important, centre-left bloc – say they "will not take orders from political parties nor instructions from any government, parliamentarians or interference from any pressure group that intends to instrumentalise the constituent process".