Notonindito

Last updated

Raden Pandji Wirasmo Notonindito (born 1900), often referred to as Dr. Notonindito, was a Javanese accountant, intellectual and politician in the Dutch East Indies. He founded the short-lived Indonesian Fascist Party in 1933.

Contents

Biography

Early life

Notonindito was born into an elite family in Rembang, Central Java, Dutch East Indies, apparently in 1900. [1] He was son of a nobleman named Raden Pandji Notomidjojo; among his brothers were Raden Pandji Notosoebagio, future judge and father of Haryati Soebadio, Suharto-era minister, and Raden Pandji Pawitrohadinoto, who would become vice-chair of the Landraad in the 1920s. [2] [3] [4] In 1918 he graduated from the MULO school, then continued his education at the Telefoon Cursus in Weltevreden (now part of Jakarta). He became interested in Theosophy and became a member of the Theosophical Society. [5] In the autumn of 1921 he sailed to Rotterdam to continue his studies in Europe. [6] He was among a new generation of Indonesian students who had been born around the turn of the century and who studied European accounting and economics. [7] He made his way to The Hague first, studying business communication, and then to Berlin, taking a doctorate in Economics and Commerce there, graduating in 1924 with a thesis about business in Java. [8] [9] After that he returned to the Indies, settling in Pekalongan and became an accountant. [3] [10]

Colonial era career and politics

In Pekalongan, Notonindito soon involved himself in politics and cultural affairs. He was offered the role as chairman of the local branch of Boedi Oetomo, a Javanese cultural organization, in 1926, although he declined. [11] [12] He became co-editor of a new biweekly Indonesian language journal, Pelita Indonesia, alongside a fellow accountant named Alimana. [13] He became the only Indonesian member of the local government's finance committee in Pekalongan. [14] For a time he involved himself in the Sarekat Islam Party, a successor organization to the once-influential Sarekat Islam. [15] It was during the 1927 congress of that party that Notonindito was nominated to lead a new Chamber of commerce for Indonesians in Pekalongan. [16] This new organization, organized as an affiliate of the Sarekat Islam Party, would eventually be called the Perhimpoenan Dagang Indonesia (Indonesian: Indonesian trade assembly), known in Dutch as the Indonesische Handelsvereeniging Pekalongan. [17] [18]

In early 1927 his family was struck by two losses, as his father died, and his brother Raden Pandji Pawitrohadinoto, the vice-chairman of the Landraad (colonial parliament), was assassinated by gunshot. [2]

In May 1928 he resigned from the Pekalongan local council, but by the early 1930s he had apparently returned to it. [19] [20] In 1929 he also apparently joined Sukarno's Indonesian National Party, and eventually became its chairman in Pekalongan. [21]

In the early 1930s Notonindito relocated from Pekalongan to Bandung. There he became a member of the city finance council and also sat on the council of Bandung Regency. [22]

Indonesian Fascist Party

In the summer of 1933, newspapers in Java reported that Notonindito had broken with the Indonesian National Party and founded his own party which he called the Partai Fasis Indonesia (Indonesian Fascist Party). [23] The party was said to have as its goal an independent Java with a descendant of Sutawijaya (founder of the Mataram Sultanate) as its constitutional monarch. [23] The party also wished the Indies to become a federation of such independent kingdoms with a non-aggression pact with the Netherlands. [22] Reaction to the new party was generally quite negative in the Indies press. [24] For example, a newspaper associated with the Indonesian National Party, Menjala, stated that solutions to the Indies' problems should be found in the present, not in the Feudal past. [25] Sikap, likewise, thought that such a project was against the interests of the common Indonesian and that a twisting of Javanese historical figures into Fascist mythology was poorly considered, whereas the editors of Djawa Barat thought the party was counterproductive and harmful. [26] Notonindito quickly denied to newspapers that he had "accepted the offer" of this party to become its leader. [27] [28] Nonetheless, investigation by De Locomotief seemed to indicate that the part did indeed exist and that it had a few dozen members at that time. [22] It is unclear what happened with the party after that.

After the episode with the Indonesian Fascist Party, he also became increasingly interested in Japanese presence in the Indies. He became co-chair of a local organization in Bandung called the Japanese-Indonese-Institute. [29]

Independent Indonesia

After Indonesia declared independence in 1945, Notonindito continued to involve himself in politics and education. He published one of the first Economics textbooks in Indonesian in Bandung in 1946. [30] During the Indonesian National Revolution he became associated with future foreign minister Soenario, working as economic advisor to his business (the Soenario-Concern) and working together as commissioners for the Indonesia Advisory Body (Indonesian : Badan Penasehat Indonesia). [31] [32]

In 1952 he became involved in the Indonesian Chartered Accountants' Society (Indonesian : Perserikatan Accountant Indonesia Beridiazah). [33] In 1955 he, along with a Dr. Cochrane and an accountant named Challik aimed to found a new national Economic academy in Bandung. [34]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indische Party</span> Political party in Indonesia

The Indische Partij (IP) or Indies Party was a short-lived but influential political organisation founded in 1912 by the Indo-European (Eurasian) journalist E.F.E. Douwes Dekker and the Javanese physicians Tjipto Mangoenkoesoemo and Soewardi Soerjaningrat. As one of the first political organisations pioneering Indonesian nationalism in the colonial Dutch East Indies it inspired several later organisations such as the Nationaal Indische Party (N.I.P.) or Sarekat Hindia in 1919 and Indo Europeesch Verbond (I.E.V.) in 1919. Its direct successor was Insulinde.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Conrad Theodor van Deventer</span> Dutch politician

Conrad Theodor "Coen" van Deventer was a Dutch lawyer, an author about the Dutch East Indies and a member of parliament of the Netherlands. He became known as the spokesman of the Dutch Ethical Policy Movement. He lived at Surinamestraat 20, The Hague (1903–1915), former residence of John Ricus Couperus, his son writer Louis Couperus and the rest of his family (1884–1902).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Suharso</span> Indonesian physician (1912–1971)

Suharso, (1912–1971) also spelled Soeharso, was an Indonesian medical doctor known for his work with disabled people and in the rehabilitation of people injured during the Indonesian National Revolution. He was declared to be a National Hero of Indonesia in 1973.

<i>Djawa Tengah</i> Malay-language Chinese Indonesian newspaper (1909-1938)

Djawa Tengah was a major Malay-language peranakan Chinese daily newspaper in Semarang, Dutch East Indies from 1909 to 1938. It is said to have been the first Chinese newspaper in Semarang.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">De Preangerbode</span>

De Preangerbode was a Dutch language newspaper published in Bandung, Preanger Regencies Residency, Dutch East Indies from 1896 to 1957. After 1923 it was renamed Algemeen Indisch Dagblad de Preangerbode.

<i>Neratja</i> (newspaper) Former newspaper in Dutch East Indies

Neratja, later Hindia Baroe, was a Malay language newspaper printed from 1917 to 1926 in Weltevreden, Dutch East Indies. Although originally founded with government support to be a Malay voice for the Dutch Ethical Policy, before long it became associated with the Sarekat Islam and the Indonesian National Awakening. Among its editors were important figures of the Indonesian national movement such as Abdul Muis and Agus Salim.

Djawi-Hisworo was a newspaper printed in Surakarta, Dutch East Indies from 1909 to 1919 in Malay and Javanese. It was considered the mouthpiece of the early Javanese self-improvement organization Boedi Oetomo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Algemeen Handelsblad voor Nederlandsch-Indië</span> Dutch-language newspaper

Algemeen handelsblad voor Nederlandsch-Indië was a Dutch language newspaper, published from 1924 to 1942 in Semarang, Dutch East Indies.

Evert Jansen was a newspaper editor, journalist and politician from the Dutch East Indies. From the 1910s to the 1940s, he was editor of a number of major papers including De Locomotief, Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad, Algemeen handelsblad voor Nederlandsch-Indië, and De Indische Courant.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Adolf Baars</span> Dutch-Jewish politician (1892–1944)

Adolf Baars was a Dutch-Jewish Communist, engineer, and writer who is largely remembered today for his early role in the Indische Sociaal-Democratische Vereeniging and the Indonesian Communist Party.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">George Weijer</span>

George Antoon Philip Weijer (1891-1979) was a business representative in colonial Indonesia, an economics professor at the University of Utrecht, and a government advisor and company director in the Netherlands.

Warna Warta was a Malay language Peranakan Chinese newspaper published in Semarang, Dutch East Indies from 1902 to 1933. Alongside its more popular rival Djawa Tengah, it was highly influential among the Chinese Indonesian population of Semarang during this time.

The Indonesian Fascist Party was a short-lived Fascist political party founded in Bandung, Dutch East Indies in the summer of 1933 by a Javanese economist and politician named Notonindito. Although it did not last long and is poorly documented, it is often cited as an example of how European Fascist ideas could manifest themselves in an Asian context, as well as appearing in conspiracy literature exaggerating its importance.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saadah Alim</span> Indonesian writer, educator and journalist

Saadah Alim (1897–1968) was a writer, playwright, translator, journalist and educator in the Dutch East Indies and in Indonesia after independence. She was one of only a handful of Indonesian women authors to be published during the colonial period, alongside Fatimah Hasan Delais, Sariamin Ismail, Soewarsih Djojopoespito and a few others. She is known primarily for her journalism, her collection of short stories Taman Penghibur Hati (1941), and her comedic play Pembalasannya (1940).

Soetitah was a Sarekat Islam and Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) propagandist, activist, and schoolteacher in Semarang, Dutch East Indies in the 1910s and 1920s. She was a close ally of Semaun, Tan Malaka, and other Semarang communists of the time and was chair of the women's section of the party in the early 1920s. She was exiled by the Dutch to the Boven-Digoel concentration camp from 1927 to 1930.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Louis Johan Alexander Schoonheyt</span> Dutch doctor and political prisoner

Louis Johan Alexander Schoonheyt (1903-1986), commonly known as L. J. A. Schoonheyt, was a Dutch medical doctor, writer, and supporter of the National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands before World War II. From 1935 to 1936 he was the camp doctor at the Boven-Digoel concentration camp in New Guinea, Dutch East Indies, and is mostly known today for the book he wrote about his experiences there, Boven-Digoel: Het land van communisten en kannibalen (1936). His praise for the conditions in the camp earned him the ire of the internees, Indonesian nationalists, and Dutch human rights advocates; E. du Perron called him a 'colonial bandit', while many internees burned his book after reading it in the camp.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soekaesih</span>

Soekaesih was a Communist Party of Indonesia activist known for being one of only a handful of female political prisoners exiled by the Netherlands government to Boven-Digoel concentration camp. After being released she traveled to the Netherlands in the late 1930s and campaigned for the camp to be shut down.

Phoa Tjoen Hoat, who also published under the name Th. H. Phoa Sr., was a Chinese Indonesian, Malay language journalist, translator and newspaper editor active in the Dutch East Indies in the early twentieth century.

Abdul Rasjid Siregar gelar Mangaradja Mahkota Soeangkoepon, commonly known as Dr. Abdul Rasjid, was a politician and physician in the Dutch East Indies. He was elected or appointed to the Volksraad from 1931 to 1942, during which time he sat with the Indonesian nationalist faction. During the 1930s, he became convinced that public health and cooperation with traditional healers should be central to the mission of physicians in the Indies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kho Tjoen Wan</span> Dutch East Indies Chinese journalist

Kho Tjoen Wan, sometimes spelled Kho Tjoen Gwan, was a Chinese Indonesian journalist, writer and political activist active mainly from the 1910s to the 1930s in the Dutch East Indies. He was involved with the Communist Party of Indonesia in the 1920s and may have been its first ethnically Chinese executive member.

References

  1. ↑ "Daftar Nama" (PDF) (in Indonesian). Perpustakaan Nasional RI. 2007. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  2. 1 2 "De moord op den ondervoorzitter van den Kedirischen Landraad". De Locomotief (in Dutch). 1927-03-04.
  3. 1 2 "BINNENLAND. Vier repatrieerende Javaansche juristen". De Indische courant (in Dutch). 1925-09-16.
  4. ↑ "Aryanti (1928-...)". Data Pokok Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan (in Indonesian). Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa. 2019. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  5. ↑ "Een nieuw Studiefonds". Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad (in Dutch). 1921-10-21.
  6. ↑ "Passagierslijst". Het nieuws van den dag voor Nederlandsch-Indië (in Dutch). 1921-10-25.
  7. ↑ Poeze, Harry; van Dijk, Cees; van der Meulen, Inge (1986). In Het Land Van De Overheerser: I: Indonesiërs in Nederland 1600-1950 (in Dutch). Brill. p. 166.
  8. ↑ "Examen-Mercurius". Haagsche courant (in Dutch). 1923-02-01.
  9. ↑ "Een Javaan te Berlijn Gepromoveerd". Algemeen handelsblad voor Nederlandsch-Indië (in Dutch). 1924-05-11.
  10. ↑ "Ontevredenheid in Chineesche hendelskringen te Tegal". De Locomotief (in Dutch). 1925-11-25.
  11. ↑ "Boedi Oetomo". De Locomotief (in Dutch). 1926-07-17.
  12. ↑ "De R.P. Notonindito". De Locomotief (in Dutch). 1926-07-20.
  13. ↑ "Pekalongan". De Indische courant (in Dutch). 1926-11-09.
  14. ↑ "PEKALONGAN - Raadscommissies". De Locomotief (in Dutch). 1926-08-25.
  15. ↑ "Het P.S.I.-Congres". De Locomotief (in Dutch). 1927-10-01.
  16. ↑ "Het P.S.I.-Congres". De Locomotief (in Dutch). 1927-10-03.
  17. ↑ "De P.D.I." De Indische courant (in Dutch). 1928-01-09.
  18. ↑ "De Indonesische Handelsvereeniging Pekalongan". Algemeen handelsblad voor Nederlandsch-Indië (in Dutch). 1928-10-26.
  19. ↑ "PEKALONGAN Verkiezing Gemeenteraad". De Locomotief (in Dutch). 1928-05-21.
  20. ↑ Voornaamste voorschriften en personalia betreffende de decentralisatie en de bestuurshervorming, alsmede de Grondwet en de Indische staatsregeling (in Dutch). Batavia (Dutch East Indies): Landsdrukkerij. 1931. p. 226.
  21. ↑ "Een protestvergadering der P. S. I." Algemeen handelsblad voor Nederlandsch-Indië (in Dutch). 1929-04-29.
  22. 1 2 3 "De inheemsche Fascisten. Thans onderwerping, doch in de toekomst vrijheid. Het program van de Partij Fascist Indonesia". De Locomotief (in Dutch). 1933-07-24.
  23. 1 2 "Een Inheemsche "Nifo". Notonindito richt Partij Fascist Indonesia op". De Locomotief (in Dutch). 1933-07-22.
  24. ↑ "Parindra's loyal cadres. Fascism and anticolonial nationalism in late colonial Indonesia, 1935-1942". International Institute for Asian Studies. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  25. ↑ Hartanto, Agung Dwi (2007). Seabad pers kebangsaan, 1907-2007 (1 ed.). Jakarta: I:Boekoe. p. 439. ISBN   9789791436021.
  26. ↑ "DE VOLKSBEWEGING". Overzicht van de Inlandsche en Maleisisch-Chineesche pers (31): 484–5. 1933-08-05.
  27. ↑ "Notonindito en de Inheemsche Fascisten". De Locomotief (in Dutch). 1933-07-31.
  28. ↑ "De Partai Fascis Indonesia". De Indische courant (in Dutch). 1933-07-31.
  29. ↑ "Japan". Overzicht van de Inlandsche en Maleisisch-Chineesche pers (in Dutch) (48): 764. 1933-12-02.
  30. ↑ Wirasmo Notonindito, R. P. (1946). "Pengantar peladjaran ekonomi". Onesearch. A.C. Nix & Co. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  31. ↑ "G.I.M. - EN B.P.I. - LEDEN GEARRESTEERD". Algemeen Indisch dagblad (in Dutch). 1947-07-05.
  32. ↑ "Advertisement. Soenario-Concern". Algemeen Indisch dagblad (in Dutch). 1947-05-03.
  33. ↑ "Naar het voorbeeld van NIVA Indonesische accountants verenigen zich". Algemeen Indisch dagblad : de Preangerbode (in Dutch). 1952-10-02.
  34. ↑ "Economische Academie". Algemeen Indisch dagblad : de Preangerbode (in Dutch). 1956-11-22.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.