Oberlerchner Mg 19

Last updated
Mg 19 Steinadler
Mg19a Steinadler.jpg
Oberlerchner Mg19a
RoleTwo seat tandem trainer glider
National origin Austria
ManufacturerOberlerchner
DesignerErwin Musger
First flightNovember 1951
Number built46, not including the Mg 19s
Developed from Musger Mg 9

The Oberlerchner Mg 19 Steinadler (English: Golden Eagle) is an Erwin Musger designed two seat tandem trainer glider built in Austria and first flown in 1951. Several examples of this successful aircraft, which competed in the two seat class at two World Gliding Championships in the 1950s, were still flying in 2000.

Contents

Design and development

In the 1930s Erwin Musger was a prominent Austrian glider producer. His first two-seat design was the gull wing Musger Mg 9, which set a world duration record in 1938. The Oberlerchner Mg 19 was a post-World War II development of the Mg 9, financed by the Austrian industrialist Joseph Oberlerchner, with a mid/low rather than high wing. [1] The change of wing position was principally made to enhance the upwards view from the rear seat, which on the Mg 9 was blocked by the wing. [2] The wing roots are carefully faired into the fuselage to avoid airflow turbulence and the 10° of dihedral on the inner third of the span takes the wing tips well clear of the ground, even though the outer panels had only 2° dihedral. [3]

Like the rest of the Steinadler, the two part cantilever wings is wood framed and covered in a mixture of plywood and fabric. Each part is built around a single spar, with ply covering ahead of it around the leading edge forming a D-shaped torsion box. Behind the spar the wing is fabric covered, except for small areas near the root and near the tip, where the aileron hinge angles in towards the spar, that require strengthening. On the earliest model, the Mg 19, the ailerons fill the trailing edge from bend to tip but such a large area produces heavy control loads and on the Mg 19a the ailerons are reduced in length by about a third. Schempp-Hirth airbrakes open above and below the wing just inboard of the bend at 44% chord. In plan the wing has a straight and swept leading edge. The trailing edge is also straight inboard of the ailerons, where the tips become semi-elliptical. A 1° sweep at one quarter chord produces a swept spar to allow the two ends to meet just behind the rear seat. [3]

On the later models the gull wing is replaced by one with a constant 5° dihedral without altering the tip ground clearance, though the clearance with extended airbrakes is small. Otherwise the wing of the Mg 19b is unchanged. [4] The wing of the World Gliding Championships contending Mg 19c is different, with straight tapered outer panels, small tip bodies and a section which is a blend of the laminar flow NACA 64-2015 airfoil and the older, proven Göttingen 549. [3] [5]

The Steinadler's fuselage has oval frames and slender longerons skinned with ply. Moving forward, it becomes deeper from behind the wing trailing edge and under the cockpit, where the two occupants sit in tandem. The rear seat is a little higher than that of the pilot for better forward vision and both are enclosed by a framed canopy divided into two parts, each of which is starboard hinged. A skid runs along the fuselage underside from nose to under mid-wing but the main undercarriage is a fixed, semi-recessed, monowheel, fitted with a brake, assisted by a sprung tailskid. The fuselage of the Mg 19a and later Steinadlers is some 300 mm (11.8 in) longer than that of the Mg 19. The whole horizontal tail and the rudder are fabric covered, the former straight tapered and round tipped, mounted on top of the fuselage ahead of the fin. The trailing edges of the elevators are ahead of the rudder hinge, with a port side trim tab. On the Mg 19b and c there is a low fillet ahead of the fin, not present on the earlier models. The fin is narrow, with a swept leading edge and the unbalanced rudder is D-shaped and broad. [3] [4]

The Mg 19 made its first flight in November 1951. Including all models, 47 were built. All but one were built by Joseph Oberlerchner's Spittal factory. The exception is the Mg 19s, built by students in Graz, which had a long development time from 1956 to its first flight in 1960. With a steel framed fuselage and new wing it was quite different from the other Steinadlers and, in the view of one author, "not really a Mg 19 at all." [3]

Operational history

The Steinadler was used by many Austrian clubs and by 1963 had set most of the national two seat records. [3] Several remained in service fifty years after the first flight [3] and eleven remained on the Austrian civil register in 2009. [6]

The sole Mg 19c took part in the World Gliding Championships of 1956, held at Saint-Yan, [3] the last WGC to have a separate category for two seaters, but did not finish in the top six. [7]

Variants

Data from Sailplanes 1945-1965 [3]

Mg 19
Original gull wing version. First flown November 1951. 12 built.
Mg 19a
Gull wing, with ailerons lightened by shortening and with a 300 mm (11.8 in) longer fuselage. First flown 20 March 1955. [4] 21 built.
Mg 19b
Constant dihedral wing. First flown 15 June 1954. [4] 12 built.
Mg 19c
Revised wing plan with slightly greater span and new section. Competed in the 1956 WGC. 1 built. [5]
Mg 19s
Very different glider with steel tube fuselage frame and new wings. Developed in Graz 1956–60. 1 only.

Aircraft on display

In 2008 ten Steinadlers were preserved in European museums, though only four were on general public display. These are at [8]

Mg 19 OE-0197
Mg 19a OE-0604
Mg 19c OE-0344.
Mg 19a OE-0324

Specifications (Mg 19a)

Data fromJane's World Sailplanes and Motor Gliders (1980) [9]

General characteristics

Performance

See also

Related lists

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oberlerchner Mg 23</span> Type of aircraft

The Oberlerchner Mg 23 is a single-seat, all-wood, high-performance sailplane. It was built and first flown in Austria in 1955, and a total of 26 were built before production ended in 1965.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arsenal Air 100</span> Single-seat French glider, 1947

The Arsenal Air 100 is a French single seat competition sailplane produced in the 1940s. It sold in small numbers but set several records, still holding the world absolute solo glider endurance record of 56 h 15 m.

The Bréguet Br 900 Louisette was a short-span, single-seat competition sailplane built in France in the 1940s. It set some French gliding records but was unsuccessful at the international level. Only six production aircraft were built.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ikarus Košava</span> 1950s Yugoslavian sailplane

The Ikarus Košava is a two-seat sailplane designed and built in Yugoslavia in the early 1950s. It won the 1954 World Gliding Championships in the two seat category and came second in the same event two years later.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cijan-Obad Orao</span> Type of aircraft

The Cijan-Obad Orao is a competition single seat sailplane designed in Yugoslavia just after World War II, one of the most advanced of its type at the time. It flew in three World Gliding Championships, having greatest success at its first in 1950 when it reached third place.

The CVV1 Pinguino was a single seat, high performance glider designed and built in Italy in the mid-1930s, the first of a series of gliders from the Milan Polytechnic. It did not go into production.

The CVV 3 Arcore was a single seat competition glider designed and built in Italy in the late 1930s, a development of the CVV 1 Pinguino. It participated in several national gliding competitions in the short period before the outbreak of World War II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">DFS Rhönsperber</span> German single seat competition glider, 1937

The DFS Rhönsperber, otherwise known as the Schweyer Rhönsperber or Jacobs Rhönsperber was a single seat competition glider designed in Germany by Hans Jacobs and first flown in 1935. For several years it was regarded as the best German sailplane and about one hundred were built.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">DFS Reiher</span> German single-seat glider, 1937

The DFS Reiher was a single seat competition glider designed in Germany by Hans Jacobs and first flown in 1937. The type won the last two German Rhön gliding championships before the start of World War II. Six were factory produced.

The DTGL Sant' Ambrogio was an Italian single seat glider, designed and built by a 19-year-old model aircraft enthusiast, that competed in the 1938 national championships. Four more were constructed from his plans.

The Teichfuss Sparviero was an Italian single seat aerobatic glider, designed by Luigi Teichfuss and flown in 1938.

The Teichfuss Allievo Pavullo was an Italian single seat open frame primary glider, designed by Luigi Teichfuss of Pavullo and first flown in 1940. It was sold in two versions, strut and cable braced. A single two seat variant was also built.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">RRG Fafnir</span> German single-seat glider, 1930

The RRG Fafnir, named after the legendary dragon, was a single seat German high performance glider designed by Alexander Lippisch. It won the Rhön competition in 1931 and made several outstanding flights as well as setting a fashion for gull wings.

The IIL IS-4 was a single seat, high performance sailplane designed by Iosif Șilimon and built in Romania in the late 1950s.

The IFIL-Reghin RG-5 Pescăruș or CIL Reghin RG-5 Pescăruș was a Romanian single seat sailplane built in the 1950s. Twenty six were constructed for gliding clubs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Schleicher Ka 3</span> German single seat training glider

The Schleicher Ka 3 or Kaiser Ka 3, is a 1950s single seat training glider, mostly sold in kit form.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zlin Z-25 Šohaj</span> Type of aircraft

The Zlín Šohaj series of club gliders began as a post World War II development of the DFS Olympia Meise. A large number were built in the 1940s and '50s.

The Musger Mg 9 was a tandem two seat glider built in Austria in the mid-1930s. It broke both world and national records.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rotter Nemere</span> Type of aircraft

The Rotter Nemere or just Nemere was a Hungarian high performance, single seat sailplane designed and built for the 1936 ISTUS gliding demonstration held in 1936 alongside the Berlin Olympic Games.

The Jancsó-Szokolay M22 was a Hungarian single-seat sailplane first flown in 1937. Twenty were built and the type set several national records. Some remained in service up to about 1953.

References

  1. ↑ Hardy, Michael (1982). Gliders & Sailplanes of the World. London: Ian Allan Ltd. p. 72. ISBN   0 7110 1152 4.
  2. ↑ Simons, Martin (2006). Sailplanes 1920-1945 (2nd revised ed.). Königswinter: EQIP Werbung & Verlag GmbH. pp. 154–6. ISBN   3 9806773 4 6.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Simons, Martin (2006). Sailplanes 1945-1965 (2nd revised ed.). Königswinter: EQIP Werbung & Verlag GmbH. pp. 22–24, 178. ISBN   3 9807977 4 0.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Wilkinson, K.G.; Brooks, Peter; Shenstone, B.S. (1958). The World's Sailplanes - Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt - Les Planeurs de le Monde (in English, German, and French). Vol. I. Organisation Scientifique et Technique International de Vol à Voile (OSTIV) & Schweizer Aero-Revue. pp. 9–13.
  5. 1 2 "Musger Mg-19C Steinadler" . Retrieved 23 March 2014.
  6. ↑ Partington, Dave (2010). European registers handbook 2010. Air Britain (Historians) Ltd. ISBN   978-0-85130-425-0.
  7. ↑ "World Gliding". Flight . Vol. 70, no. 2478. 20 July 1956. pp. 120–2.
  8. ↑ Ogden, Bob (2009). Aviation Museums and Collections of Mainland Europe. Air Britain (Historians) Ltd. ISBN   978 0 85130 418 2.
  9. ↑ Coates, Andrew (1980). Jane's World Sailplanes and Motor Gliders. London: Jane's Publishing Company. p. 15. ISBN   0 7106 0017 8.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.