Orestes of Macedon

Last updated • a couple of secsFrom Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Orestes
King of Macedonia
Reign400/399–398/7 BC [1]
Predecessor Archelaus
Successor Aeropus II
Born?
Died398/7 BC
Dynasty Argead
Father Archelaus
MotherCleopatra [lower-alpha 1]
Religion Ancient Greek religion

Orestes (Ancient Greek : Ὀρέστης, Oréstēs), son of Archelaus I, succeeded in his minority as king of Macedonia after his father was killed. [3] [4] He reigned from 400/399 to 398/7 BC, when his guardian (epitropos) [lower-alpha 2] and uncle, Aeropus II, killed or deposed him. [3] [6] Aeropus thereafter reigned alone until his death in 394/3 BC.

Contents

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amyntas I of Macedon</span> King of Macedon, c. 512 – 498/497 BC

Amyntas I was king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia from at least 512/511 until his death in 498/497 BC. Although there were a number of rulers before him, Amyntas is the first king of Macedonia for which we have any reliable historical information. During Amyntas' reign, Macedonia became a vassal state of the Achaemenid Empire in 510 BC.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amyntas III of Macedon</span> King of Macedonia from 393/2 to 370 BC

Amyntas III was king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia from 393/2 to 388/7 BC and again from 387/6 to 370 BC. He was a member of the Argead dynasty through his father Arrhidaeus, grandson of Amyntas, one of the sons of Alexander I. His most famous son is Philip II, father of Alexander the Great.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Macedonia (ancient kingdom)</span> Ancient kingdom in the southern Balkans

Macedonia, also called Macedon, was an ancient kingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, and later the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece. The kingdom was founded and initially ruled by the royal Argead dynasty, which was followed by the Antipatrid and Antigonid dynasties. Home to the ancient Macedonians, the earliest kingdom was centered on the northeastern part of the Greek peninsula, and bordered by Epirus to the southwest, Illyria to the northwest, Paeonia to the north, Thrace to the east and Thessaly to the south.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexander I of Macedon</span> King of Macedon from c. 498 to 454 BC

Alexander I, also known as Alexander "Philhellene", was king of Macedonia from 497 BCE until his death in 454 BCE. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Perdiccas II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Perdiccas I of Macedon</span> King of Macedonia

Perdiccas I was king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia. By allowing thirty years for the span of an average generation from the beginning of Archelaus' reign in 413 BC, British historian Nicholas Hammond estimated that Perdiccas ruled around 653 BC.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Perdiccas II of Macedon</span> 5th-century BC king of Macedon

Perdiccas II was the king of Macedonia from 454 BC until his death in 413 BC. During the Peloponnesian War, he frequently switched sides between Sparta and Athens.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amyntas II of Macedon</span> 5th-century Macedonian ruler

Amyntas II, also known as Amyntas "the Little", was king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon for several months around 394/3 BC. He became king in July or August of 394/3 after the death of Aeropus II, but he was soon after assassinated by an Elimieotan nobleman named Derdas and succeeded by Aeropus' son Pausanias.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Archelaus I of Macedon</span> King of Macedon from 413 to 399 BC

Archelaus I was king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon from 413 to 399 BC. He was a capable and beneficent ruler, known for the sweeping changes he made in state administration, the military, and commerce. By the time that he died, Archelaus had succeeded in converting Macedon into a significantly stronger power. The Ancient Greek Thucydides credited Archelaus with doing more for his kingdom's military infrastructure than all of his predecessors together.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexander II of Macedon</span> King of Macedonia

Alexander II was king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon from around 370 BC until his death in 368 BC. He was a member of the Argead dynasty through his father Amyntas III.

Cleomenes II was king of Sparta from 370 to 309 BC. He was the second son of Cleombrotus I, and grandfather of Areus I, who succeeded him. Although he reigned for more than 60 years, his life is completely unknown, apart from a victory at the Pythian Games in 336 BC. Several theories have been suggested by modern historians to explain such inactivity, but none has gained consensus.

Eurydice was an Ancient Macedonian queen and wife of king Amyntas III of Macedon.

The Argyraspides were elite Macedonian soldiers who carried silver-plated shields, hence their name. The original unit were hypaspists serving in the army of Alexander the Great. During the Wars of the Diadochi, they initially served Eumenes, but betrayed him to Antigonus I Monophthalmus at the Battle of Gabiene in 316. After their dispersal under Antigonus, later units of the Seleucid Empire and Roman Empire would be modeled after them.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aeropus II of Macedon</span> King of Macedonia from 398/7 until 394/3 BC

Aeropus II, son of Perdiccas II, was king of Macedonia from 398/7 until his death from illness in July or August of 394/3 BC. He first governed as guardian (epitropos) for his young nephew Orestes when Archelaus died in 400/399 BC. However, Diodorus reports that Aeropus murdered Orestes three years later, but it is also possible that he had simply won the support of the Macedonian nobility. Aeropus had a son named Pausanias, but was succeeded instead by Amyntas II, son of his great-uncle Menelaus.

Eudamidas I was Spartan king between 331 and c. 300 BC. He succeeded his brother Agis III, who died at the battle of Megalopolis against Macedonia. Eudamidas' reign was therefore peaceful as Sparta recovered from this disaster. He even refused to join the other Greek states in the Lamian War in 323, and was later noted for his interest in philosophy—peculiar for a Spartan king.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pausanias of Macedon</span> King of Macedonia from 394/3 to 393/2 BC

Pausanias was king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon for around a year, from 394/3 to 393/2. He was the son of Aeropus II and an unknown mother, but he did not succeed his father when Aeropus died in July or August 394/3 BC. Instead, Amyntas II ruled Macedonia for several months before being assassinated in August or September 394/3 by the Elimieotan Derdas. According to Diodorus, Pausanias himself was assassinated sometime in 393/2 by Amyntas III, who then succeeded him as King of Macedonia. However, Diodorus also entirely omits the reign of Amyntas II who all other ancient sources and modern scholars agree ruled before Pausanias.

Eurydice, often referred to as Adea Eurydice, was the Queen of Macedon, wife of Philip III and daughter of Amyntas IV and Cynane.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Argead dynasty</span> First dynasty of the Macedonian Kingdom

The Argead dynasty, also known as the Temenid dynasty, was an ancient Macedonian royal house of Dorian Greek provenance. They were the founders and the ruling dynasty of the kingdom of Macedon from about 700 to 310 BC.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of Macedonia (ancient kingdom)</span> Aspect of history surrounding ancient Macedonia

The kingdom of Macedonia was an ancient state in what is now the Macedonian region of northern Greece, founded in the mid-7th century BC during the period of Archaic Greece and lasting until the mid-2nd century BC. Led first by the Argead dynasty of kings, Macedonia became a vassal state of the Achaemenid Empire of ancient Persia during the reigns of Amyntas I of Macedon and his son Alexander I of Macedon. The period of Achaemenid Macedonia came to an end in roughly 479 BC with the ultimate Greek victory against the second Persian invasion of Greece led by Xerxes I and the withdrawal of Persian forces from the European mainland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Government of Macedonia (ancient kingdom)</span> Political history topic

The first government of ancient Macedonia was established by the Argead dynasty of Macedonian kings during the Archaic period. The early history of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia is obscure because of shortcomings in the historical record; little is known of governmental institutions before the reign of Philip II during the late Classical period. These bureaucratic organizations evolved in complexity under his successor Alexander the Great and the subsequent Antipatrid and Antigonid dynasties of Hellenistic Greece. Following the Roman victory in the Third Macedonian War over Perseus of Macedon in 168 BC, the Macedonian monarchy was abolished and replaced by four client state republics. After a brief revival of the monarchy in 150–148 BC, the Fourth Macedonian War resulted in another Roman victory and the establishment of the Roman province of Macedonia.

References

Notes

  1. Possibly the same woman who married Perdiccas II, Orestes' grandfather. [2]
  2. Generally meaning a guardian or trustee in Ancient Greek, rather than regent. This word appears frequently in the works of Diodorous, Aristotle, and other Greek writers. [5]

Citations

  1. March, Duane (1995). "The Kings of Makedon: 399-369 B.C". Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte: 280.
  2. Carney, Elizabeth (2000). Women and Monarchy in Macedonia. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 22.
  3. 1 2 Errington, R. Malcolm (1990). A History of Macedonia. University of California Press. p. 28.
  4. Roisman, Joseph (2010). "Classical Macedonia to Perdiccas III". In Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (eds.). A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 157-158.
  5. Anson, Edward (2009). "Philip II, Amyntas Perdicca, and Macedonian Royal Succession". Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. 58 (3): 276–86. JSTOR   25598471.
  6. Diodorus Siculus. "Library". Diodorus of Sicily in Twelve Volumes. Vol. 4–8. Translated by Oldfather, C.H. Harvard University Press, 14.37.
Orestes
Born: ? Died: 398/7 BC
Royal titles
Preceded by King of Macedon
400/399–398/7 BC
Succeeded by