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Extinction is the termination of a taxon by the death of its last member. A taxon may become functionally extinct before the death of its last member if it loses the capacity to reproduce and recover. Because a species' potential range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly "reappears" after a period of apparent absence.
The conservation status of a group of organisms indicates whether the group still exists and how likely the group is to become extinct in the near future. Many factors are taken into account when assessing conservation status: not simply the number of individuals remaining, but the overall increase or decrease in the population over time, breeding success rates, and known threats. Various systems of conservation status are in use at international, multi-country, national and local levels, as well as for consumer use such as sustainable seafood advisory lists and certification. The two international systems are by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES).
A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour, or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. About 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet. For example, Boa constrictor is one of the species of the genus Boa, with constrictor being the species' epithet.
Lecteria is a genus of crane fly in the family Limoniidae.
Mesolimnophila is a genus of crane fly in the family Limoniidae.
Rhamphomyia is a genus of dance flies, in the fly family Empididae. It contains more than 600 species in 8 subgenera.
Ocydromia is a genus of flies in the family Hybotidae.
Gnaphosa is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by Pierre André Latreille in 1804. They all have a serrated keel on the retromargin of each chelicera.
Saperdini is a tribe of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae.
Ophyx excisa is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Gustaaf Hulstaert in 1924. It is found in Papua, Indonesia. The habitat consists of hot lowland forests.
Tricholathys is a genus of cribellate araneomorph spiders in the family Dictynidae, and was first described by R. V. Chamberlin & Wilton Ivie in 1935.
Rhamphomyia hirsutipes is a species of fly in the family Empididae. It is include in the subgenus Amydroneura of the genus Rhamphomyia. It is found in the Palearctic.
Ossonis clytomima is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Francis Polkinghorne Pascoe in 1867. It is known from Malaysia and Borneo. It contains the varietas Ossonis clytomima var. flavotibialis.
Ossonis indica is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1954.
Ossonis mentaweiensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Bernhard Schwarzer in 1930.
Ossonis modiglianii is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1950.
Ossonis sumatrensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Maurice Pic in 1936.
Danae is a genus of handsome fungus beetles in the family Endomychidae. There are more than 90 species in Danae, 1 found in North America, about 10 in Asia, and the remainder in Africa.
Coryphopteris is a genus of ferns in the family Thelypteridaceae, subfamily Thelypteridoideae, in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016.
References
- ↑ BioLib.cz - Ossonis hirsutipes. Retrieved on 8 September 2014.