Pareiorhaphis is a genus of catfish in the family Loricariidae native to South America. This genus can be readily distinguished from other neoplecostomines by the unique combination of having fleshy lobes on lateral margins of head ornamented with hypertrophied odontodes on nuptial males, caudal peduncle ovoid in cross section, abdomen usually naked, dorsal fin spinelet ovoid and adipose fin usually present. The color pattern is usually dark brown and mottled with the abdomen white. Most species in to Pareiorhaphis were originally described in Hemipsilichthys. In 1918, Alípio de Miranda-Ribeiro proposed the new genus Pareiorhaphis. Whether Pareiorhaphis is monophyletic or not is currently unknown.
Pareiorhaphis bahianus, sometimes known as the spotted hedgehog pleco or by its associated L-number, LDA-017, is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in small coastal drainage basins near Ilhéus in the state of Bahia in Brazil. The species reaches 12 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Pareiorhaphis cameroni is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the basins of the Araranguá River, the Cubataõ River, and the Tubarão River in the state of Santa Catarina in Brazil. The species reaches 17 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Pareiorhaphis eurycephalus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Canoas River basin in the state of Santa Catarina in Brazil, with its type locality being listed as near Urubici. The species reaches 6.3 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Pareiorhaphis hypselurus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it is known only from Brazil, with its type locality being listed as the Maquiné River basin in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The species reaches 6.9 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Pareiorhaphis hystrix is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it is known only from Brazil, with its type locality being listed as the Dos Touros River basin in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The species reaches 11.5 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Pareiorhaphis lophia is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Paraguaçu River basin in Brazil. It is typically found in shallow rocky stretches of coastal blackwater rivers, including rapids. It is known to be syntopic with Hypostomus chrysostiktos and Hypostomus jaguar. The species reaches 8.2 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Pareiorhaphis nasuta is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Doce River basin in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil. The type locality of the species is a small, shallow river with clear water, slow to moderate current, and a rocky substrate. It is also found in rapids, with larger individuals of the species occurring in faster-flowing areas. The species reaches 9.5 cm in standard length, is known to be sexually dimorphic, and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Pareiorhaphis nudulus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the drainage basins of the Araranguá River, the Mampituba River, the Maquiné River, and the Três Forquilhas River in the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil. It is typically seen in small, shallow rivers with clear water, moderate to strong current, and rocky substrates. The species reaches 3.4 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Pareiorhaphis parmula is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Iguazu River basin in Brazil, with its type locality being given as the Dos Patos River in the state of Paraná. The species reaches at least 9.45 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Pareiorhaphis proskynita is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Piracicaba River basin in Brazil. It is typically found in shallow blackwater streams with fast-flowing water and iron-rich rocky substrates covered in algae and periphyton, with juveniles occurring in areas with slower water flow. It is known to occur alongside members of the genera Hoplias and Oligosarcus in slower-flowing pools. The species reaches 9.6 cm in standard length, feeds primarily on filamentous algae, and is believed to be a facultative air-breather. Its specific name, proskynita, is derived from Greek and means "pilgrim", referring to pilgrimages associated with the region in which the species occurs.
Pareiorhaphis regani is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Amazon River basin in Brazil, with its type locality being listed as the Rio Negro basin in the state of Amazonas. The species reaches 12.1 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Pareiorhaphis ruschii is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it is known only from Brazil, with its type locality being listed as the Piraquê-Açu River basin in the state of Espírito Santo. It was first collected from a shallow creek about 50 cm deep and 4 to 5 m wide. The species reaches 8.5 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Pareiorhaphis scutula is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it is known only from Brazil, with its type locality being listed as the Piracicaba River basin in the state of Minas Gerais. The environment in which most specimens of the species have been collected is a shallow creek 20 to 50 cm deep and approximately 5 m (16 ft) wide with a swift current, clear water, a rocky substrate, and banks covered in grass. It is known to occur alongside the species Geophagus brasiliensis, as well as members of the genera Astyanax, Neoplecostomus, and Trichomycterus. The species reaches 9.1 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Pareiorhaphis splendens is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in coastal drainage basins in the states of Paraná and Santa Catarina in Brazil, with its type locality being listed as the Cubatão River. The environment in which the species occurs is characterized by clear, fast-flowing water and a rocky substrate. It is typically found in small crevices between loose stones. The species reaches 6.5 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Pareiorhaphis togoroi is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the upper Paraná River basin in the Mantiqueira Mountains in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil. The species reaches at least 6.7 cm in standard length. It was described in 2019 by Jose Carlos de Oliveira and Osvaldo Takeshi Oyakawa alongside the species Harttia intermontana and Neoplecostomus pirangaensis. FishBase does not yet list this species.
Pareiorhaphis steindachneri is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the basins of the Cubatão River, the Itapocu River, and the Itajaí-Açu River in Brazil. The species reaches 14.3 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Pareiorhaphis stephanus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the basins of the Jequitinhonha River and the São Francisco River in Brazil. It is a nocturnal species typically found in rocky and sandy areas. The species reaches 9.9 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Pareiorhaphis stomias is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it is known only from Brazil, with its type locality being listed as the Araranguá River basin in the state of Santa Catarina. The species reaches 5.2 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather. Its specific name, stomias, refers to its large mouth.
Pareiorhaphis vetula is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the headwaters of the Doce River basin in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil. The species reaches at least 4.9 cm in standard length. It was described in 2016 by Edson H. L. Pereira, Pablo Lehmann A., and Roberto Esser dos Reis. FishBase does not yet list this species.
