Pelophryne linanitensis

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Pelophryne linanitensis
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Bufonidae
Genus: Pelophryne
Species:
P. linanitensis
Binomial name
Pelophryne linanitensis
Das  [ fr; de ], 2008 [2]
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Pelophryne linanitensis is only known from the Mount Murud range in Malaysian Borneo

Pelophryne linanitensis, also known as the Linanit dwarf toad, [3] is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. [1] [4] It is endemic to Batu Linanit in Mount Murud in Sarawak, Borneo. [1] [3] [4]

Contents

Description

Pelophryne linanitensis is a mid-sized species within its genus: adult males measure 18–19 mm (0.7–0.7 in) in snout–vent length; [2] females are unknown. [2] [3] The head is wider than it is long. The snout is vertical in lateral view. The tympanum is distinct. Supratympanic fold and parotoid gland are absent. The fingers are extremely short and stout, and with extensively webbed. The toes are long and almost fully webbed. [2] The dorsum is predominantly brown and bears an indistinct, lighter brown hour-glass pattern. [2] [3] Males have a subgular vocal sac. [2]

The male advertisement call consists of a metallic "ping" note that is repeated 4–5 times in a call series. [3]

Habitat and conservation

The type series was collected from rhododendron forest at the wind-swept summit of Batu Linanit at 2,250 m (7,380 ft) above sea level. The males were found calling from leaves just 5–15 cm (2.0–5.9 in) above the ground that was covered by deep layer of moss, leave litter, and roots. [1] [2] [3] The larval habitat is unknown but could be Nepenthes pitchers, near which the males were found. [2]

The type locality is within the Pulong Tau National Park, but habitat loss is occurring within the park. Climate change is also a likely future threat to this species. It is likely a summit specialist with very limited range, likely about 1 km². [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Pelophryne</i> Genus of amphibians

Pelophryne, commonly known as flathead toads or dwarf toads, is a genus of true toads, family Bufonidae. The genus occurs in the Philippines, Borneo, Malaya including Singapore, and Hainan (China). Molecular data suggest that Pelophryne is the sister taxon of Ansonia.

Ansonia albomaculata, also known as the white-lipped slender toad and whitebelly stream toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the island of Borneo and can be found in Sabah and Sarawak (Malaysia), Brunei, and northern Kalimantan (Indonesia).

<i>Ansonia minuta</i> Species of amphibian

Ansonia minuta is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae, described from the forests of Sarawak in 1960. It is known by a number of common names: tiny stream toad, dwarf slender toad, and minute slender toad. It is endemic to Borneo and occurs in tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Ansonia platysoma, also known as the flat-bodied slender toad and Luidan stream toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the island of Borneo and known from Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia, and from Brunei. Its closest relative is Ansonia kelabitensis.

<i>Ansonia spinulifer</i> Species of amphibian

Ansonia spinulifer, also known as spiny slender toad or Kina Balu stream toad, is a species of true toad in the family Bufonidae. It is found in Sarawak and Sabah, northern Borneo (Malaysia), and presumably also in Kalimantan on the Indonesian part of the island.

Ansonia torrentis, also known as the Gunung Mulu stream toad and torrent slender toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Mount Mulu in Sarawak, Borneo (Malaysia). The specific name torrentis refers to the habitat at its type locality, a stream running down a steep mountainside.

Rhinella chrysophora, sometimes known as the Rio Viejo toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Cordillera Nombre de Dios on the Atlantic versant in north-central Honduras.

The Palawan toadlet or white-striped flathead toad is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Palawan, the Philippines.

Pelophryne api, also known as Api dwarf toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Borneo and known from Gunung Mulu National Park in northern Sarawak and from Simpang Kuda in Bau District, western Sarawak. Its genetic divergence from Pelophryne guentheri is relatively low and these species could be conspecific.

<i>Pelophryne guentheri</i> Species of amphibian

Pelophryne guentheri is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Borneo and only known from the lowlands of Sarawak, Malaysia, though it is likely to occur also in Sabah (Malaysia) and northeastern Kalimantan (Indonesia). Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests and intermittent freshwater marshes. It is threatened by habitat loss.

<i>Pelophryne lighti</i> Species of amphibian

Pelophryne lighti, also known as the Mindanao flathead toad or eastern Mindanao dwarf toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Philippines.

<i>Pelophryne misera</i> Species of amphibian

Pelophryne misera, the black flathead toad or Kinabalu dwarf toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to northwestern Borneo and known from Sabah and Sarawak (Malaysia), although its distribution is likely to be broader and might extend to Kalimantan (Indonesia). It was first described from specimens collected from Mount Kinabalu.

Pelophryne rhopophilia, also known as lowland dwarf toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Borneo and found in north-eastern and south-western Sarawak (Malaysia) and (likely) in adjacent West Kalimantan (Indonesia).

<i>Philautus hosii</i> Species of frog

Philautus hosii is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Borneo and has been found at 1,351 m (4,432 ft) above sea level. The specific name of the synonym, Polypedates chlorophthalmus, refers to its "remarkable green iris", from the Greek for "green-eyed". Accordingly, the common name green-eyed tree frog has been coined for the species.

Pelophryne murudensis, also known as the Murud dwarf toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Mount Murud in Sarawak, Borneo.

Ansonia echinata is a species of toads in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Sarawak, Borneo. Common name spiny slender toad has been coined for this little known species.

Ansonia vidua is a species of toads in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Sarawak, Borneo. Common names Murud black slender toad and widow slender toad have been coined for this little known species. The latter name refers to the black colouration of this species and the fact that no male individuals are known.

Pelophryne penrissenensis, also known as Penrissen dwarf toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Borneo and only known from Mount Penrissen in Sarawak, its type locality that also gave this species its specific name. Its actual range might be wider and extend into nearby Kalimantan (Indonesia). It is the sister taxon of Pelophryne signata.

Pelophryne saravacensis, also known as Sarawak dwarf toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Borneo and only known from Sarawak ; there are records from at least four localities representing three different divisions.

Ansonia phuketensis, also known as the Phuket stream toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the island of Phuket, off the south-west coast of Thailand.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020). "Pelophryne linanitensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T159223A176851179. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T159223A176851179.en . Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Das, I. (2008). "Two new species of Pelophryne (Anura: Bufonidae) from Gunung Murud, Sarawak (northwestern Borneo)" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 56 (2): 435–443.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Haas, A.; Das, I. & Hertwig, S.T. (2020). "Pelophryne linanitensis (Linanit Dwarf Toad)". Frogs of Borneo. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  4. 1 2 Frost, Darrel R. (2020). "Pelophryne linanitensis Das, 2008". Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001 . Retrieved 30 April 2020.
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