Manuel Mora Valverde was a communist and labor leader in Costa Rica. He was born in San José and helped to found the Workers and Farmers Party in 1931. For his contributions to the labor movement and to the institution of a welfare state, Mora was awarded the title Benemérito de la Patria by the Legislative Assembly.
The Costa Rican Civil War took place from 12 March to 24 April 1948. The conflict followed the presidential elections of 8 February 1948, in which opposition candidate Otilio Ulate defeated the ruling party's Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia. The pro-government representatives who dominated the Legislative Assembly alleged that that Ulate's victory was fraudulent, and on 1 March, the legislature voted to annul the results of the election. This triggered an armed uprising led by José Figueres Ferrer, a businessman who had not participated in the elections, against the government of President Teodoro Picado.
Costa Rican People's Party was a communist party in Costa Rica. In March 1984 the Popular Vanguard Party split in two factions. The majority led by Humberto Vargas Carbonell was more radical than the faction of Eduardo Mora Valverde. Both factions wanted to keep the party name. After a court decision the faction of Mora was renamed in PPC in April 1985.
Joaquín Gutiérrez Mangel was a Costa Rican writer who won multiple awards, and whose children's book Cocorí has been translated into ten languages. In addition to writing children's books, Gutiérrez was a chess champion, war correspondent, journalist, story-teller, translator, professor, and communist activist.
Carmen Lyra was the pseudonym of the first prominent female Costa Rican writer, born María Isabel Carvajal Quesada. She was a teacher and founder of the country's first Montessori school. She was a co-founder of the Communist Party of Costa Rica, as well as one of the country's first female worker's unions. She was one of the earliest writers to criticize the dominance of the fruit companies. She won many prizes.
Fabián Dobles Rodríguez was a Costa Rican writer and left-wing political activist. An author of novels, short stories, poems, and essays, he earned international recognition as an author dealing with the plight of the poor and with social protest. Dobles is considered one of the most important writers in what critics have identified as the "'40s generation" of Costa Rican literature. He was also an active militant in the Communist Party of Costa Rica.
Cartago is a canton in the Cartago province of Costa Rica. The head city is Cartago.
Paraíso is a canton in the Cartago province of Costa Rica. The head city is in Paraíso district.
Mora is the seventh canton in the San José province of Costa Rica. Its head city is Colón.
Trabajo ('Work') was a weekly newspaper published from San José, Costa Rica, from 1931 to 1947. It was the organ of the Communist Party of Costa Rica. Trabajo provided ample coverage of trade union activism. Moreover, the newspaper frequently reproduced proletarian poetry.
Gloria Valerín Rodríguez is a Costa Rican lawyer, former deputy, vice-presidential candidate, and director of technical services for the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica. Valerín is a feminist and human rights campaigner.
Henry Mora Jiménez is a Costa Rican economist and political activist. Mora is a member of the 2014-2018 Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica, serving with the Citizens' Action Party. He was the President of the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica from 2014 to 2015.
Trade unions in Costa Rica advocate for the rights of workers in Costa Rica. Dating back to the late 1800s, labor unions in the country have been a political force. They remain active in political and social life for many Costa Ricans.
The Reform State or Reformist State is the period in 20th-century Costa Rican history when the country switched from the uncontrolled capitalism and laissez-faire approach of the Liberal State into a more economically progressive Welfare State. It began about 1940 during the presidency of social reformer Rafael Angel Calderón Guardia, and ended in the 1980s with the neoliberal reforms inherent in the Washington Consensus that began after the government of Luis Alberto Monge.
Social Guarantees were a series of progressive political reforms made in Costa Rica in the 1940s for the benefit of the working classes. They came about as a result of the alliance between various political and religious figures. Though a widespreads effort, there were three main leaders:
The Article 98 of the Constitution of Costa Rica is the article that regulates free citizen association in political parties.
Arnoldo Ferreto Segura was a Costa Rican politician and a leader of the Popular Vanguard Party.
Calderonism or Calderonismo is a political and ideological doctrine of Costa Rica, which emerged in the 1940s under the leadership of caudillo Dr. Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia, before, during and after he was president with his National Republican Party, and which was continued by various political forces such as Unity Coalition, National Unification Party and the current Social Christian Unity Party and its split the Social Christian Republican Party. It is together with Liberacionismo one of the two traditional political tendencies of Costa Rican politics, with which it represented a certain type of Costa Rican bipartisanship from 1986 to 2002 and revolves around the Calderón family. It is a form of populist and Catholic Christian socialism very similar to Argentine Peronism. Considered a progressive interpretation of the Catholic social teaching, as well as a form of socialism, Calderonism identified itself with comunismo a la tica, defined as indigenous and Catholic communism exclusive to Costa Rica. Because of this, Calderonism is also referred to as calderocomunismo.
General elections were held in Costa Rica on 6 February 2022, to elect the president, two vice-presidents, and all 57 deputies of the Legislative Assembly. As none of the presidential nominees obtained at least 40% of the votes, a runoff was held on 3 April 2022, between the top two candidates, José María Figueres and Rodrigo Chaves Robles.
Comunismo a la tica is a variant of communist thought developed by the Costa Rican politician Manuel Mora Valverde, that he sought to promote a communism different from that imposed by Moscow and the Comintern, and that, on the contrary, was based, according to him, "on Costa Rican democratic, pacifist and institutional principles, traditions and values".
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