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Presidential election | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 80.87% ( 16.87pp) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Results by canton | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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All 57 seats in the Legislative Assembly 29 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
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 Costa Ricaportal |
General elections were held in Costa Rica on 4 February 1962. [1] Francisco Orlich Bolmarcich of the National Liberation Party won the presidential election, whilst his party also won the parliamentary election. Voter turnout was 81%. [2]
During Mario Echandi's presidency Rafael Angel Calderón, his family and supporters in exile, were allowed to return and a general amnesty was called for everyone involved in the still recent Civil War of 1948. [3] Calderón was elected Congressman in the 1958 election. But meanwhile in the past election the National Liberation Party was split due to the separation of the “Rossist” faction in this election Calderon's candidacy unified PLN and other political allies into a strong anti-Calderonist ballot. [3]
Both former presidents Otilio Ulate from National Union and Calderón himself from National Republican became candidates. PLN's candidate was, as in 1958, Francisco Orlich, one of the party's founder, commander of one of the fronts during the civil war and Figueres’ close friend. [3]
A fourth small left-wing party named Popular Democratic Action led by socialist thinker Enrique Obregón also took part in the election nominating Obregon. [3] Communism was illegal according to the Constitution and Marxist Parties were not allowed, but Obregon's party was officially socialist so the prohibition was not endorsed. Even so, Obregón did have the support of the traditional leadership and militancy of the (outlawed) Communist Party. [3]
All parties promised land reform. Calderon's publicity was particular in saying “Yesterday social reform, today land reform” taking advantage of the socialist reforms during his presidency. [3] As the Cuban Revolution was recent the anti-Communist speech was common. All main parties accused each other of having links with Communism; PLN because of its socialist ideology (social democracy) and Figueres alleged friendship with Fidel Castro and Calderón because of his previous alliance with the Communists in the 1940s. [3] The far-right anti-Communist group Free Costa Rica Movement paid for a strong anti-Communist propaganda, especially against Popular Democratic Action. [3]
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Francisco Orlich Bolmarcich | National Liberation Party | 192,850 | 50.29 | |
| Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia | National Republican Party | 135,533 | 35.34 | |
| Otilio Ulate Blanco | National Union Party | 51,740 | 13.49 | |
| Enrique Obregón Valverde | Popular Democratic Action | 3,339 | 0.87 | |
| Total | 383,462 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 383,462 | 97.97 | ||
| Invalid votes | 5,020 | 1.28 | ||
| Blank votes | 2,924 | 0.75 | ||
| Total votes | 391,406 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 483,980 | 80.87 | ||
| Source: Election Resources | ||||
| Province | Orlich % | Calderón % | Ulate % | Obregón % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 San José | 49.1 | 36.7 | 13.3 | 0.9 |
 Alajuela | 51.9 | 29.5 | 18.1 | 0.6 |
 Cartago | 56.7 | 30.8 | 12.1 | 0.5 |
 Heredia | 47.6 | 38.8 | 12.5 | 1.1 |
 Puntarenas | 43.9 | 42.2 | 11.9 | 2.0 |
 Limón | 45.0 | 46.7 | 7.3 | 1.0 |
 Guanacaste | 54.4 | 33.3 | 11.7 | 0.6 |
| Total | 50.3 | 35.3 | 13.5 | 0.9 |
 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
| National Liberation Party | 184,135 | 48.85 | 29 | +9 | |
| National Republican Party | 126,249 | 33.49 | 18 | +8 | |
| National Union Party | 50,021 | 13.27 | 8 | –2 | |
| Popular Democratic Action | 9,256 | 2.46 | 2 | New | |
| Solidarist Action Party | 3,358 | 0.89 | 0 | New | |
| Alajuelan Party | 1,698 | 0.45 | 0 | New | |
| National Depuration Movement | 1,192 | 0.32 | 0 | New | |
| Guanacastecan Independent Union | 903 | 0.24 | 0 | New | |
| National Renewal Party | 125 | 0.03 | 0 | New | |
| Total | 376,937 | 100.00 | 57 | +12 | |
| Valid votes | 376,937 | 96.28 | |||
| Invalid votes | 6,377 | 1.63 | |||
| Blank votes | 8,186 | 2.09 | |||
| Total votes | 391,500 | 100.00 | |||
| Registered voters/turnout | 483,980 | 80.89 | |||
| Source: Election Resources | |||||
| Province | PLN | PRN | PUN | ADP | PAS | PA | MDN | UIG | PREN | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | S | % | S | % | S | % | S | % | S | % | S | % | S | % | S | % | S | |
| San José | 47.1 | 9 | 34.4 | 7 | 13.0 | 2 | 2.6 | 2 | 2.2 | 0 | - | - | 0.8 | 0 | - | - | - | - |
| Alajuela | 50.3 | 6 | 28.0 | 3 | 17.0 | 2 | 2.3 | 0 | - | - | 2.4 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Cartago | 56.2 | 4 | 29.8 | 2 | 12.8 | 1 | 1.2 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Heredia | 47.6 | 2 | 36.8 | 1 | 12.6 | 1 | 3.0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Puntarenas | 42.9 | 3 | 40.1 | 2 | 12.1 | 1 | 4.9 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Limón | 45.3 | 2 | 44.1 | 1 | 7.0 | 0 | 2.8 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.8 | 0 |
| Guanacaste | 52.3 | 3 | 32.2 | 2 | 11.9 | 1 | 0.8 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2.8 | 0 | - | - |
| Total | 48.9 | 29 | 33.5 | 18 | 13.3 | 8 | 2.5 | 2 | 0.9 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 |
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alderpeople | +/– | Municipal syndics | +/– | |||||
| National Liberation Party | 187,293 | 49.87 | 148 | 23 | 280 | +17 | ||
| National Republican Party | 126,849 | 33.78 | 93 | +46 | 42 | +19 | ||
| National Union Party | 51,239 | 13.64 | 31 | –39 | 2 | –30 | ||
| Popular Democratic Action | 6,643 | 1.77 | 2 | New | 2 | New | ||
| Solidarist Action Party | 1,371 | 0.37 | 1 | New | 0 | New | ||
| Alajuelan Party | 724 | 0.19 | 0 | New | 0 | New | ||
| Guanacastecan Independent Union Party | 550 | 0.15 | 0 | New | 0 | New | ||
| National Depuration Movement | 470 | 0.13 | 0 | New | 0 | New | ||
| National Renewal Party | 416 | 0.11 | 0 | New | 0 | New | ||
| Total | 375,555 | 100.00 | 275 | +21 | 326 | +4 | ||
| Valid votes | 375,555 | 95.88 | ||||||
| Invalid votes | 5,932 | 1.51 | ||||||
| Blank votes | 10,221 | 2.61 | ||||||
| Total votes | 391,708 | 100.00 | ||||||
| Registered voters/turnout | 483,980 | 80.93 | ||||||
| Source: TSE [4] | ||||||||
Francisco José Orlich Bolmarcich was the 34th President of Costa Rica from 1962 to 1966. He was an ethnic Croat, a descendant of Croatian settlers from the town of Punat on the island of Krk, Croatia.
Mario José Echandi Jiménez was the 33rd President of Costa Rica, serving from 1958 to 1962.
The National Liberation Party, nicknamed the verdiblancos, is a political party in Costa Rica. The party is a member of the Socialist International. Social-democratic by statute, the party has a few internal factions, including liberals, Third Way supporters, centrists, and social conservatives.
The Social Christian Unity Party is a centre-right political party in Costa Rica.
The Costa Rican Civil War took place from 12 March to 24 April 1948.
Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia was a Costa Rican medical doctor and politician, who served as President from 1940 to 1944.
General elections were held in Costa Rica on 8 February 1948. Otilio Ulate Blanco of the National Union Party won the presidential election with 55% of the vote, although the elections were deemed fraudulent by members of the governing National Republican Party. The results were annulled by Congress, leading to the six-week Costa Rican Civil War later that year. Following the war, the results of the parliamentary election were also annulled.
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The Reform State or Reformist State is the period in 20th-century Costa Rican history when the country switched from the uncontrolled capitalism and laissez-faire approach of the Liberal State into a more economically progressive Welfare State. It began about 1940 during the presidency of social reformer Rafael Angel Calderón Guardia, and ended in the 1980s with the neoliberal reforms inherent in the Washington Consensus that began after the government of Luis Alberto Monge.
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