Phycomorpha metachrysa

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Phycomorpha metachrysa
Phycomorpha metachrysa 349376395.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Copromorphidae
Genus: Phycomorpha
Species:
P. metachrysa
Binomial name
Phycomorpha metachrysa
Meyrick, 1914 [1]

Phycomorpha metachrysa, the milktree fruit moth, is a species of moth in the Copromorphidae family. [2] It is endemic to New Zealand and has been found in the North and South Islands. The larvae feed on the fruit of species in the genus Streblus including Streblus heterophyllus. This adults of this species is on the wing from October to April.

Contents

Taxonomy

This species was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1914 using specimens collected by George Howes in Dunedin in November and February. [3] [4] In 1928 George Hudson discussed and illustrated this species in his book The butterflies and moths of New Zealand. [5] The lectotype specimen, collected in Dunedin, is in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London. [4]

Description

Neuration of fore and hind wing of P. metachrysa. Fig 19 & 20 MA I437595 TePapa Plate-F-The-butterflies full (cropped).jpg
Neuration of fore and hind wing of P. metachrysa.

Meyrick described this species as follows:

♂♀. 19-20 mm. Head pale greenish-ochreous, forehead mixed with purplish and spotted with dark fuscous. Palpi purplish-fuscous irrorated with dark fuscous, edges of second joint sprinkled with whitish, terminal joint half second, blackish, base and apex whitish. Thorax pale ochreous mixed with purplish and spotted with dark fuscous, crest olive-green. Fore-wings elongate, rather dilated posteriorly, costa slightly arched, apex rounded-obtuse, termen rounded, somewhat oblique; dull purple sprinkled with blackish, tips of scales golden-metallic; costa and dorsum strigulated and spotted with blackish; basal and discal areas irregularly marked with dull greenish and black; in one specimen a large trapezoidal whitish-ochreous blotch extending on dorsum from 1⁄4 to tornus and reaching more than half across wing, narrowed upwards; cilia bronzy-grey barred with blackish. Hindwings and cilia grey. [3]

The wingspan is 19–20 mm. [3] Adults are dark green with raised scale-tufts on the forewings. [5] Hudson states that this species is considerably variable with some specimens having forewings that are a dull olive green colour. [4] Other specimens have a cream white patch on the dorsum which extends about halfway across the forewing. However, despite this variability this species is able to be recognised by its unusual antennae and the scale tufts on its forewings. [5]

Distribution

Fruit of the Streblus heterophyllus, larval food for P. metachrysa. Streblus heterophyllus 110234300.jpg
Fruit of the Streblus heterophyllus, larval food for P. metachrysa.

This species is endemic to New Zealand and is found in both the North and South Islands. [2] [5] It has been observed in its type locality of Dunedin, at the head of Lake Wakatipu and also in the Gollan Valley of Wellington and Kaeo in Northland. [5] [6] This species has also been found in a site of ecological significance, at Decanter Bay in Canterbury, as set out in the Christchurch District Plan. [7]

Behaviour

The adults of this species is on the wing from October until April. [5]

Host species

The larvae feed on the fruit of Streblus species including Streblus heterophyllus . [8] [9]

References

  1. ↑ "NZOR Name Details - Phycomorpha metachrysa Meyrick, 1914". www.nzor.org.nz. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
  2. 1 2 Gordon, Dennis P., ed. (2010). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: Kingdom animalia: chaetognatha, ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Vol. 2. p. 457. ISBN   978-1-877257-93-3. OCLC   973607714. OL   25288394M. Wikidata   Q45922947.
  3. 1 2 3 Edward Meyrick (1914). "Descriptions of New Zealand Lepidoptera". Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 46: 106–107. ISSN   1176-6158. Wikidata   Q98606535.
  4. 1 2 3 Dugdale , J. S. (23 September 1988). "Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa". Fauna of New Zealand. 14. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research: 129. doi:10.7931/J2/FNZ.14. ISSN   0111-5383. Wikidata   Q45083134.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Hudson, G. V. (1928), The butterflies and moths of New Zealand, Illustrator: George Hudson, Wellington: Ferguson and Osborn Limited, p. 296, LCCN   88133764, OCLC   25449322, Wikidata   Q58593286
  6. ↑ "Phycomorpha metachrysa". Auckland Museum collections online. 2021. Retrieved 8 January 2022.
  7. ↑ Hooton, Scott (17 December 2014). "Christchurch District Plan. Site of Ecological Significance. Decanter Bay" (PDF). districtplan.ccc.govt.nz. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  8. ↑ Hoare, R. (2004). "The Duke's Awful Dilemma (or, the DAD)". The Weta. 27: 49–52.
  9. ↑ "Phycomorpha metachrysa Meyrick, 1914". plant-synz.landcareresearch.co.nz. 2013. Retrieved 2022-01-08.
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