Phymatocarpus interioris

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Phymatocarpus interioris
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Phymatocarpus
Species:
P. interioris
Binomial name
Phymatocarpus interioris
Synonyms

Melaleuca lepschii Craven & R.D.Edwards

Phymatocarpus interioris is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It resembles many small species of Melaleuca , mainly differing in the way its anthers are attached at the top of the stamens. In Phymatocarpus they are attached at their base and open at the other end through two slits. It is a shrub with many small heads of pink to purple flowers fading to white, often covering the plant for several weeks in spring. It is most closely related to Phymatocarpus porphyrocephalus and was only recognised as a new species in 1999.

Family is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy; it is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as being the "walnut family".

Myrtaceae family of plants

Myrtaceae or the myrtle family is a family of dicotyledonous plants placed within the order Myrtales. Myrtle, pohutukawa, bay rum tree, clove, guava, acca (feijoa), allspice, and eucalyptus are some notable members of this group. All species are woody, contain essential oils, and have flower parts in multiples of four or five. The leaves are evergreen, alternate to mostly opposite, simple, and usually entire. The flowers have a base number of five petals, though in several genera the petals are minute or absent. The stamens are usually very conspicuous, brightly coloured and numerous.

Endemism Ecological state of being unique to a defined geographic location or habitat

Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. The extreme opposite of endemism is cosmopolitan distribution. An alternative term for a species that is endemic is precinctive, which applies to species that are restricted to a defined geographical area.

Contents

Description

Phymatocarpus interioris is an erect to spreading shrub which sometimes grows to a height and width of 2 m (7 ft). The leaves are arranged alternately and are 4.4–9.2 mm (0.2–0.4 in) long and 3.0–7.5 mm (0.1–0.3 in) long. They are broadly egg-shaped and have 5 to 9 veins. [1] [2] [3]

The flowers are pink to purple and are arranged in dense, roughly spherical heads containing 2 to 6 groups of flowers in threes, on the ends of branches which continue to grow after flowering. Unlike those of Phymatocarpus porphyrocephalus there are no bracts at the base of flowers. The flowers have 5 sepals, 5 petals and 23 to 30 stamens (compared to the 46 to 71 of P. porphyrocephalus . The stamens are joined in a continuous ring around the edge of each flower. Flowering usually occurs from September to November and is followed by fruit which are woody capsules. The capsules are arranged in spherical clusters which are rough or lumpy on the outer surface. [1] [3]

<i>Phymatocarpus porphyrocephalus</i> species of plant

Phymatocarpus porphyrocephalus is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It resembles many small species of Melaleuca, mainly differing in the way its anthers are attached at the top of the stamens. In Phymatocarpus they are attached at their base and open at the other end through two slits. It is a shrub with many small heads of pink to purple flowers fading to white, often covering the plant for several weeks in spring.

Bract

In botany, a bract is a modified or specialized leaf, especially one associated with a reproductive structure such as a flower, inflorescence axis or cone scale. Bracts are often different from foliage leaves. They may be smaller, larger, or of a different color, shape, or texture. Typically, they also look different from the parts of the flower, such as the petals or sepals. The state of having bracts is referred to as bracteate or bracteolate, and conversely the state of lacking them is referred to as ebracteate and ebracteolate, without bracts.

Sepal part of a calyx

A sepal is a part of the flower of angiosperms. Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom. The term sepalum was coined by Noël Martin Joseph de Necker in 1790, and derived from the Greek σκεπη (skepi), a covering.

Taxonomy and naming

Phymatocarpus interioris was described in 1999 by Craven in Muelleria. [1] [4]

Lyndley Alan Craven was a botanist who became the Principal Research Scientist of the Australian National Herbarium.

Muelleria is a peer-reviewed scientific journal on botany published by the Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne. It focuses on topics relating to plants, algae, and fungi in the southern hemisphere and Australia in particular. The journal was named in honour of Victorian Government botanist Ferdinand von Mueller. Muelleria commenced publication in 1955 with funding from the Maud Gibson Trust. The trust was initiated in 1945 following the donation of £20,000 by Maud Gibson, a daughter of William Gibson, founder of the Foy & Gibson department store chain.

Distribution and habitat

Phymatocarpus interioris occurs in and between the Lake King and Peak Charles districts [1] in the Mallee biogeographic region. [2] It grows in sandy soil. [1]

Lake King, Western Australia Town in Western Australia

Lake King is a town in the Eastern Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, 464 kilometres (288 mi) from Perth along State Route 107 between Wagin and Ravensthorpe.

Peak Charles National Park Protected area in Western Australia

Peak Charles National Park is a national park in Western Australia, 507 kilometres (315 mi) east of Perth and 170 km (110 mi) north west of Esperance.

Mallee (biogeographic region)

Mallee, also known as Roe Botanical District, is a biogeographic region in southern Western Australia. Located between the Esperance Plains, Avon Wheatbelt and Coolgardie regions, it has a low, gently undulating topography, a semi-arid mediterranean climate, and extensive Eucalyptus mallee vegetation. About half of the region has been cleared for intensive agriculture. Recognised as a region under the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia (IBRA), it was first defined by John Stanley Beard in 1980.

Conservation

Phymatocarpus interioris is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. [2]

Department of Parks and Wildlife (Western Australia) department of the Government of Western Australia

The Department of Parks and Wildlife (DPaW) was the department of the Government of Western Australia responsible for managing lands described in the Conservation and Land Management Act 1984 and implementing the state's conservation and environment legislation and regulations. The minister responsible for the department was the Minister for the Environment.

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<i>Phymatocarpus maxwellii</i> species of plant

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Craven, Lyndley A. (1999). "A New Species of Phymatocarpus (Myrtaceae) from Southwestern Australia" (PDF). Muelleria. 12 (2): 133–134. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 "Phymatocarpus interioris". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  3. 1 2 "Species of Phymatocarpus". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
  4. "Phymatocarpus interioris". APNI. Retrieved 30 August 2015.