Pipestone Creek | |
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Location | |
Countries |
|
Provinces | |
Communities | |
Physical characteristics | |
Source | South of Grenfell |
• location | Saskatchewan |
Mouth | Oak Lake |
• location | Manitoba, Canada |
• elevation | 426 m (1,398 ft) |
Basin size | 2,242 km2 (866 sq mi) |
Basin features | |
River system | Red River drainage basin |
Tributaries | |
• left | Little Pipestone Creek |
• right | Montgomery Creek |
[1] [2] |
Pipestone Creek [3] is a river [4] in the Souris River watershed. [5] Its flow begins in southeastern Saskatchewan, just south of the town of Grenfell and travels in a southeastern direction into Manitoba in the Westman Region where it empties into Oak Lake through the Oak Lake Marsh.
The Pipestone Creek is in a region called the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, which extends throughout three Canadian provinces and five U.S. states. It is also within Palliser's Triangle. [6] The topographical basin of Pipestone Creek's watershed ranges from 804 to 426 metres above sea level (asl), with a mean elevation of 650 asl.
"The Pothole Region is the result of the last Pleistocene glaciation and it is estimated that there are between 5 and 8 million wetlands or small depressions, which have an important biological role and impact on the ecosystem. It is estimated that the Pipestone Creek has a GDA (Gross Drainage Area) and EDA (Effective Drainage Area) of 2,242 km2 (866 sq mi) and 559 km2 (216 sq mi), respectively, and that near 11% of the watershed is covered by wetlands." [7]
Most of the waters that flow into the Pipestone Creek depend upon rains and melting snow. There are no large natural lakes in its watershed. Saskatchewan and Manitoba have waterflow agreements regulating how much water Saskatchewan must allow to flow down Pipestone Creek into Manitoba. Saskatchewan has always met its requirements. [8] Pipestone Creek and nearby Stony Creek [9] are the two main tributaries to Oak Lake Aquifer, which is an important source of water in south-west Manitoba.
The Pipestone Creek follows the path of the Pipestone Spillway, which is a valley that was created during the melting of the last glaciation about 15,000 years ago. The headwater for the spillway was glacial Lake Indian Head. [10] [11] From its headwaters, the creek travels in a south-easterly direction and flows through Ochapowace Nation then into Pipestone Lake, [12] a man-made lake with an earthen dam. From there it winds its way past Saint Hubert Mission, an early French colony. South of the town of Moosomin, Saskatchewan, the creek flows into another man-made lake, Moosomin Lake. Moosomin Dam, owned and operated by the Saskatchewan Water Security Agency, is also an earthen dam that was completed in 1955. From Moosomin Lake, the creek continues south-east where is crosses the border into Manitoba. Just across the border, the creek winds past Kola and Butler on its way to Cromer. From Cromer, it continues in a more southerly direction until it nears Reston where it heads east towards the communities of Pipestone and Oak Lake Indian Reserve. From there it heads north-east through Oak Lake Marsh and into Oak Lake through the Pipestone Creek Diversion. [13] Oak Lake flows into the Plum Lakes which flow into the Souris River via the Plum Creek.
The Souris River or Mouse River is a river in central North America. Approximately 435 miles (700 km) in length, it drains about 23,600 square miles (61,100 km2) in Canada and the United States.
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The Antler River is located in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America's Great Plains in south-eastern Saskatchewan and south-western Manitoba in Canada in an area known as Palliser's Triangle. Its source is in Saskatchewan's Moose Mountain Upland and it is a major tributary of the Souris River. As a result, its flood levels are monitored by the United States Geological Survey.
Gainsborough Creek is a tributary of the Souris River in south-eastern Saskatchewan and south-western Manitoba. It is in a region called the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, which extends throughout three Canadian provinces and five U.S. states. It is also within Palliser's Triangle and the Great Plains ecoregion.
The Rural Municipality of Sifton is a rural municipality (RM) in the south-west portion of the Canadian province of Manitoba.
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Wascana Creek is a river in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is a tributary of the Qu'Appelle River.
Moose Mountain Upland, Moose Mountain Uplands, or commonly Moose Mountain, is a hilly plateau located in the south-east corner of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan, that covers an area of about 13,000 square kilometres (5,000 sq mi). The upland rises about 200 metres (660 ft) above the broad, flat prairie which is about 600 metres (2,000 ft) above sea level. The highest peak is "Moose Mountain" at 830 metres (2,720 ft) above sea level. The upland was named Moose Mountain because of the large number of moose that lived in the area. When it was originally used by fur traders, Métis, and the Indigenous peoples, the plateau was called Montagne a la Bosse, which is French for "The Mountain of the Bump or Knob".
Long Creek is a river in central North America that begins in Saskatchewan, flows south-east into North Dakota, and then flows back north into Saskatchewan. It is a tributary of the Souris River. The Souris River drains into the Assiniboine River, which is part of the Red River drainage basin in a region called the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, which extends throughout three Canadian provinces and five U.S. states. It is also within Palliser's Triangle and the Great Plains ecoregion. In 1957, a dam was built on Long Creek near where it meets the Souris River to create Boundary Dam Reservoir.
Moose Mountain Creek is a river in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. Its source is the Chapleau Lakes near Montmartre and it is a tributary of the Souris River, which, in turn, is a tributary of the Assiniboine River. The whole system is part of the Red River watershed, which is part of the Hudson Bay drainage basin and in a region called the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, which extends throughout three Canadian provinces and five U.S. states. It is also within Palliser's Triangle and the Great Plains ecoregion.
Moose Mountain Lake is a reservoir in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is located in the RM of Golden West No. 95 in the Prairies Ecozone of Palliser's Triangle at the western edge of Moose Mountain Upland. Moose Mountain Creek is both the primary inflow and outflow of the lake; it enters at the north end and leaves at the dam in the south end. A secondary inflow that comes from Gooseberry Lake enters on the western side near the south end.
Graham Creek, a tributary of the Souris River, is a river that flows from Saskatchewan near Maryfield into Manitoba where it meets the Souris River on the west side of Melita, Manitoba. The Souris River, in turn, drains into the Assiniboine River, which is part of the Red River drainage basin in a region called the Prairie Pothole Region of North America. That region extends throughout three Canadian provinces and five U.S. states. It is also within Palliser's Triangle and the Great Plains ecoregion.
Last Mountain Creek is a river in south-central Saskatchewan. It is a tributary of the Qu'Appelle River in a region called the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, which extends throughout three Canadian provinces and five U.S. states. It is also within Palliser's Triangle and the Great Plains ecoregion.
Lanigan Creek is a river in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is located in the south central part of the province in a region called the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, which extends throughout three Canadian provinces and five U.S. states. It is also within Palliser's Triangle and the Great Plains ecoregion.
Brightwater Creek is a river in south central part of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is a tributary of the South Saskatchewan River in a region called the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, which extends throughout three Canadian provinces and five U.S. states. It is also within Palliser's Triangle and the Great Plains ecoregion. Along the river's course there is a dam and reservoir and a regional park. There are no communities along its course.
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