Pleven Saddle

Last updated
Location of Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands. Tangra-Mountains-location-map.png
Location of Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands.
Pleven Saddle from Johnsons Glacier. Pleven-Livingston.jpg
Pleven Saddle from Johnsons Glacier.
Topographic map of Livingston Island, Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Livingston-Island-Map-2010.jpg
Topographic map of Livingston Island, Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands.

Pleven Saddle (Plevenska Sedlovina \'ple-ven-ska se-dlo-vi-'na\) is a deep saddle of elevation 500 m in Friesland Ridge, Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island, Antarctica, bounded by MacKay Peak to the west-southwest and Tervel Peak to the east-northeast, with two conspicuous rocks rising on it. Part of the glacial divide between Peshtera Glacier to the north and Charity Glacier to the south.

Friesland Ridge

Friesland Ridge is a ridge on Livingston Island in the South Shetlands, part of the Tangra Mountains. The summit, Mount Friesland, which rises to 1,700 metres (5,600 ft), is the northwesternmost of the ridge’s six main peaks. Its elevation was estimated at 1,684 metres (5,525 ft) by a 1995/96 Bulgarian survey; the present figure was produced by a 2003 Australian GPS survey, and closely matched by the Bulgarian survey Tangra 2004/05.

Tangra Mountains mountain range

Tangra Mountains form the principal mountain range of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The range had been nameless until 2001, when it was named after the Bulgar god Tangra.

Livingston Island Island of the South Shetland Islands

Livingston Island is an Antarctic island in the Southern Ocean, part of the South Shetlands Archipelago. It was the first land discovered south of 60° south latitude in 1819, a historic event that marked the end of a centuries-long pursuit of the mythical Terra Australis Incognita and the beginning of the exploration and utilization of real Antarctica. The name Livingston, although of unknown derivation, has been well established in international usage since the early 1820s.

Contents

The saddle was “named after the Bulgarian city of Pleven, and in connection with the freezer vessel Pleven of the Bulgarian company Ocean Fisheries – Burgas whose ships operated in the waters of South Georgia, Kerguelen, the South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands and Antarctic Peninsula from 1970 to the early 1990s. The Bulgarian fishermen, along with those of the Soviet Union, Poland and East Germany are the pioneers of modern Antarctic fishing industry.” [1]

Pleven City in Bulgaria

Pleven is the seventh most populous city in Bulgaria. Located in the northern part of the country, it is the administrative centre of Pleven Province, as well as of the subordinate Pleven municipality. It is the biggest economic center in Northwestern Bulgaria. At the end of 2015 its population is 99,628.

South Georgia Island Island in the South Atlantic

South Georgia is an island in the southern Atlantic Ocean that is part of the British Overseas territory of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. The main settlement is Grytviken. South Georgia is 167.4 kilometres (104 mi) long and 1.4 to 37 km wide. It is about 830 km (520 mi) northeast of Coronation Island and 550 km (340 mi) northwest from Zavodovski Island, the nearest South Sandwich island.

Kerguelen Islands archipelago in the southern Indian Ocean, and one of the districts of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands

The Kerguelen Islands, also known as the Desolation Islands, are a group of islands in the Antarctic constituting one of the two exposed parts of the Kerguelen Plateau, a large igneous province mostly submerged by the southern Indian Ocean. They are among the most isolated places on Earth, located 450 km (280 mi) northwest of the uninhabited Heard Island and McDonald Islands (Australia) and more than 3,300 km (2,100 mi) from Madagascar, the nearest populated location. The islands, along with Adélie Land, the Crozet Islands, Amsterdam and Saint Paul Islands, and France's Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean, are part of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands and are administered as a separate district.

Location

The saddle is centred at 62°43′12″S60°17′24″W / 62.72000°S 60.29000°W / -62.72000; -60.29000 Coordinates: 62°43′12″S60°17′24″W / 62.72000°S 60.29000°W / -62.72000; -60.29000 which is 490 m east-northeast of MacKay Peak, 1.09 km west-southwest of Tervel Peak and 1.6 km north by west of Gerov Pass.

Geographic coordinate system Coordinate system

A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position and two or three of the numbers represent a horizontal position; alternatively, a geographic position may be expressed in a combined three-dimensional Cartesian vector. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation. To specify a location on a plane requires a map projection.

Gerov Pass

Gerov Pass is a pass of elevation 400 m in Friesland Ridge, Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Situated on Rozhen Peninsula, 1.6 km south-southeast of Pleven Saddle. Bounded by Shumen Peak to the east-northeast, and Gabrovo Knoll to the west-southwest. Providing overland access between Charity Glacier to the northwest and Tarnovo Ice Piedmont to the south. Bulgarian topographic survey Tangra 2004/05. Named after the Bulgarian linguist Nayden Gerov (1823–1900).

Maps

Notes

  1. "SCAR Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica". data.aad.gov.au. Retrieved 2018-12-30.

Related Research Articles

Levski Ridge

Levski Ridge is the central ridge of the Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island. Its summit, Great Needle Peak rises to 1,680m and is the second highest summit of the island after Mount Friesland.

Magura Glacier glacier in Antarctica

Magura Glacier on the southeast side of Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is located to the north of M'Kean Point, northeast of Srebarna Glacier, south of Iskar Glacier and southwest of Dobrudzha Glacier. It is bounded by Great Needle Peak to the west, Vitosha Saddle, Vihren Peak and Helmet Peak to the northwest, Plovdiv Peak and Shishman Peak to the north, and Devin Saddle and Kuber Peak to the northeast. The glacier extends 3.5 km in southwest-northeast direction and 1.9 km in northwest-southeast direction, and flows southeastward into Bransfield Strait.

Omurtag Pass

Omurtag Pass is a 720 m high pass between Mount Bowles and Ticha Peak in Bowles Ridge, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica and is part of an overland route between the Wörner Gap area and upper Kaliakra Glacier. The pass is named after Khan Omurtag of Bulgaria, 814-831 AD.

Orpheus Gate

Orpheus Gate, also Orpheus Pass, is the 548 m high and 380 m wide pass in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica bounded by Pliska Ridge to the southeast and Burdick Ridge to the northwest, Huntress Glacier to the southwest and Perunika Glacier to the northeast.

Peshtera Glacier glacier in Antarctica

The Peshtera Glacier is a glacier on the Rozhen Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica situated southwest of Ruen Icefall and north of Charity Glacier.

Pirdop Gate

Pirdop Gate is a 300-m wide pass between Maritsa Peak and Atanasoff Nunatak in eastern Bowles Ridge, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It has an elevation of 376 m at its northern entrance from Struma Glacier, and 261 m at the southern entrance from Huron Glacier. It forms part of an overland route between middle Huron Glacier and upper Kaliakra Glacier. The pass was first crossed by the Bulgarians Lyubomir Ivanov and Doychin Vasilev from Camp Academia on 28 December 2004. Named after the town of Pirdop in Central Bulgaria.

Prespa Glacier glacier in Antarctica

Prespa Glacier on Rozhen Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is situated east-northeast of Tarnovo Ice Piedmont, east of the head of Charity Glacier, southeast of Ruen Icefall and southwest of Macy Glacier. It is bounded to the east by Needle Peak and Ludogorie Peak, to the northwest by St. Cyril Peak and St. Methodius Peak, and to the southwest by Shumen Peak and Yambol Peak, and flows southeastward into Bransfield Strait between Gela Point and Samuel Point. The feature extends 3.5 km in east-west direction and 2.5 km in north-south direction. The glacier is named after Prespa Peak in the Rhodope Mountains, Bulgaria.

Shipka Valley

Shipka Valley valley extending 2.4 km and 700 m wide in Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The valley descends from Shipka Saddle between the north slopes of Lyaskovets Peak and Levski Peak, and holds a tributary glacier which joins Huron Glacier east of Aheloy Nunatak.

Shumen Peak

Shumen Peak rises to 770 m in Friesland Ridge, Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island, Antarctica and surmounts Charity Glacier to the west, Tarnovo Ice Piedmont to the south, and Prespa Glacier to the southeast. The peak is named after the Bulgarian town of Shumen.

St. Cyril Peak

St. Cyril Peak rises to 1,505m in Friesland Ridge in Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The peak is linked to St. Methodius Peak to the southwest by Vladaya Saddle and surmounts Ruen Icefall to the west, Macy Glacier to the east and Prespa Glacier to the south.

St. Methodius Peak

St. Methodius Peak rises to approximately 1,180m in Friesland Ridge, Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island, Antarctica and surmounts Ruen Icefall to the north-northwest, Prespa Glacier to the southeast and Charity Glacier to the southwest. Linked to St. Cyril Peak by Vladaya Saddle.

Tervel Peak geographical object

Tervel Peak is a triple peak rising to 810 m in Friesland Ridge, Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica overlooking Peshtera Glacier and Zagore Beach to the northwest, and Charity Glacier to the southwest. Linked by Pleven Saddle to MacKay Peak in the west-southwest.

Vitosha Saddle

Vitosha Saddle is a narrow ice-covered saddle of elevation 1050 m extending in southwest-northeast direction between Great Needle Peak and Vihren Peak in the Levski Ridge of Tangra Mountains, eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The saddle is part of the divide between the glacial catchments of Huron Glacier to the north and Magura Glacier to the south.

Wulfila Glacier glacier in Antarctica

Wulfila Glacier is located on the southern slopes of Breznik Heights, Greenwich Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, south-southwest of Solis Glacier and west of Zheravna Glacier. It is bounded by Oborishte Ridge to the northwest, Nevlya Peak to the north, Terter Peak and Razgrad Peak to the northeast, and Ephraim Bluff to the southeast. The glacier extends 3 km in northwest-southeast direction and 2 km in northeast-southwest direction, draining southwestwards into McFarlane Strait between Ephraim Bluff and the base of Provadiya Hook.

Gramada Glacier glacier in Antarctica

Gramada Glacier is a 1.6 nautical miles long glacier on Smith Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica draining the southeast slopes of Imeon Range east of Riggs Peak, southeast of Madan Saddle and south of Neofit Peak. It is situated southwest of Armira Glacier and northeast of Letnitsa Glacier, and flows southeastward into Brashlyan Cove on Osmar Strait. Bulgarian early mapping in 2009. The glacier is named after the town of Gramada in northwestern Bulgaria.

Krivodol Glacier glacier in Antarctica

Krivodol Glacier is a 3.8 km long glacier on Smith Island, South Shetland Islands in Antarctica draining the southeast slopes of Imeon Range northeast and east of Antim Peak, southeast of Varshets Saddle and south of Slatina Peak. It is situated southwest of Ovech Glacier and northeast of Pashuk Glacier, and flows southeastward into Osmar Strait northeast od Sredets Point. Bulgarian early mapping in 2008. The glacier is named after the town of Krivodol in northwestern Bulgaria.

Ovech Glacier

Ovech Glacier is a 3.5 km long glacier on Smith Island, South Shetland Islands draining the southeast slopes of Imeon Range southeast of Drinov Peak and east of Popovo Saddle and Sevlievski Peak. It is situated southeast of Vetrino Glacier and Yablanitsa Glacier, and northeast of Krivodol Glacier, and flows east-southeastward into Nikolov Cove on Boyd Strait. Bulgarian early mapping in 2009. The glacier is named after the medieval fortress of Ovech in northeastern Bulgaria.

Chuprene Glacier glacier in Antarctica

Chuprene Glacier is a 2.1 nautical miles long glacier draining the northwest slopes of Imeon Range on Smith Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It is situated northeast of Bistra Glacier, southwest of Yablanitsa Glacier and northwest of Krivodol Glacier, Pashuk Glacier and Rupite Glacier, and flows southwest of Drinov Peak and Popovo Saddle, and west of Slatina Peak and Varshets Saddle southwestward along the northwest slopes of Antim Peak and Evlogi Peak into Drake Passage south of Villagra Point and north of Garmen Point. Bulgarian early mapping in 2009. The glacier is named after the settlement of Chuprene in northwestern Bulgaria.

MacKay Peak

MacKay Peak is an ice-covered pyramidal peak rising to 770 m in Friesland Ridge, Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It is linked by Pleven Saddle to Tervel Peak to the east-northeast, and surmounts Peshtera Glacier to the north and Charity Glacier to the south.

Snow Peak (Antarctica) mountain in Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica

Snow Peak is a snow-covered peak rising to 428 m in western Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Linked by a saddle to Casanovas Peak in the west, and surmounting Berkovitsa Glacier to the northwest, Tundzha Glacier to the east and Verila Glacier to the southwest.

References

Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica The authoritative international gazetteer containing all the Antarctic toponyms

The Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica (CGA) of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) is the authoritative international gazetteer containing all Antarctic toponyms published in national gazetteers, plus basic information about those names and the relevant geographical features. The Gazetteer includes also parts of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) gazetteer for under-sea features situated south of 60° south latitude.

Antarctic Place-names Commission

The Antarctic Place-names Commission was established by the Bulgarian Antarctic Institute in 1994, and since 2001 has been a body affiliated with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria.


This article includes information from the Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria which is used with permission.