Polystictus (fungus)

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Polystictus
Polystictus cinnabarinus 1904.jpg
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Polystictus

Fr. (1851)

Polystictus is a genus of fungi in the family Hymenochaetaceae. These fungi may be a type of wood-decay fungus, like the Polystictus versicolor. [1] Named Chanakpa in Dakota (from Cha, meaning wood or tree, and nakpa, meaning ears), these fungi were used by the Dakota people in the Missouri River region as food. They harvested them when young and tender. They did not harvest from Ash trees, as they claimed this made the fungi taste more bitter. They were prepared by boiling. [2]

Polystictus versicolor is now known as Coriolus versicolor, and has also been called Trametes versicolor and Polyporus versicolor; and colloquially as the turkey-tail fungus.

Living turkey-tail fungus Fungus Coriolus versicolor bracket -4 L Plymouth 181204.jpg
Living turkey-tail fungus







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<i>Cerioporus squamosus</i> Species of fungus

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<i>Trametes versicolor</i> Species of mushroom

Trametes versicolor – also known as Coriolus versicolor and Polyporus versicolor – is a common polypore mushroom found throughout the world. Meaning 'of several colors', versicolor accurately describes this fungus that displays a unique blend of markings. Additionally, owing to its shape being similar to that of a wild turkey's tail feathers, T. versicolor is most commonly referred to as turkey tail. A similar-looking mushroom commonly called "false turkey tail" is from a different order (Stereum), and thus may sometimes be confused with the 'true' turkey tail mushroom, T. versicolor. Another lookalike is the multicolor gill polypore, T. betulina.

<i>Hericium erinaceus</i> Edible mushroom

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wood-decay fungus</span> Any species of fungus that digests moist wood, causing it to rot

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<i>Heterobasidion annosum</i> Species of fungus

Heterobasidion annosum is a basidiomycete fungus in the family Bondarzewiaceae. It is considered to be the most economically important forest pathogen in the Northern Hemisphere. Heterobasidion annosum is widespread in forests in the United States and is responsible for the loss of one billion U.S. dollars annually. This fungus has been known by many different names. First described by Fries in 1821, it was known by the name Polyporus annosum. Later, it was found to be linked to conifer disease by Robert Hartig in 1874, and was renamed Fomes annosus by H. Karsten. Its current name of Heterobasidion annosum was given by Brefeld in 1888. Heterobasidion annosum causes one of the most destructive diseases of conifers. The disease caused by the fungus is named annosus root rot.

<i>Irpex lacteus</i> Species of fungus

Irpex lacteus is a common crust fungus distributed throughout temperate areas of the world. It is the type of the genus Irpex. Irpex lacteus is considered a polypore, but depending on growth conditions it can also produce a hydnoid hymenophore. Due to this variability and abundance of the species it has been described as a new species to science numerous times and subsequently has an extensive synonymy. The complete genome sequence of Irpex lacteus was reported in 2017.

<i>Onnia tomentosa</i> Species of fungus

Onnia tomentosa is a species of fungus in the family Hymenochaetaceae commonly known as the woolly velvet polypore. It is frequently found in coniferous forests at higher altitudes, often growing in large groups, rather rare at lower altitudes. It is a plant pathogen, and causes tomentosus root rot, primarily in spruce. It was formerly known as Inonotus tomentosum (Fr.) Teng until molecular phylogenetic analysis led to major revisions in the classification of the Hymenochaetaceae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spalting</span> Any form of coloration caused by a fungal infection in the wood

Spalting is any form of wood coloration caused by fungi. Although primarily found in dead trees, spalting can also occur in living trees under stress. Although spalting can cause weight loss and strength loss in the wood, the unique coloration and patterns of spalted wood are sought by woodworkers.

<i>Fomes fomentarius</i> Species of fungus

Fomes fomentarius is a species of fungal plant pathogen found in Europe, Asia, Africa and North America. The species produces very large polypore fruit bodies which are shaped like a horse's hoof and vary in colour from a silvery grey to almost black, though they are normally brown. It grows on the side of various species of tree, which it infects through broken bark, causing rot. The species typically continues to live on trees long after they have died, changing from a parasite to a decomposer.

<i>Hapalopilus rutilans</i> Species of fungus

Hapalopilus rutilans is a species of polypore fungus in the family Polyporaceae. Officially described in 1821, it was transferred to its current genus Hapalopilus six decades later. It is commonly known as the tender nesting polypore, purple dye polypore, or the cinnamon bracket. This widely distributed species is found on five continents. It grows on the fallen or standing dead wood of deciduous trees, in which it fruits singly, in groups, fused, or in overlapping clusters. Fruit bodies are in the form of kidney-shaped to semicircular, cinnamon-orange-brown brackets. The underside of the fruit body features a yellowish to brownish pore surface with tiny angular pores, from which spores are released.

<i>Pycnoporellus alboluteus</i> Species of fungus

Pycnoporellus alboluteus, commonly known as the orange sponge polypore, is a species of polypore fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae. Distributed throughout the boreal conifer zone, the fungus is found in mountainous regions of western North America, and in Europe. It causes a brown cubical rot of conifer wood, especially spruce, but also fir and poplar. The soft, spongy orange fruit bodies grow spread out on the surface of fallen logs. Mature specimens have tooth-like or jagged pore edges. A snowbank mushroom, P. alboluteus can often be found growing on logs or stumps protruding through melting snow. Although the edibility of the fungus and its usage for human culinary purposes are unknown, several species of beetles use the fungus as a food source.

<i>Rhodofomitopsis lilacinogilva</i> Species of fungus

Rhodofomitopsis lilacinogilva is a species of bracket fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae. Known primarily from Australia, it has also been recorded from Brazil and India. It is a white-rot fungus that grows on rotting eucalyptus wood. Its main identifying feature is the lilac colour of the pore surface on the underside of the fruit body.

<i>Laetiporus portentosus</i> Species of fungus

Laetiporus portentosus is a species of polypore fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae, found in South America, Australia, and in the North Island and northern South Island of New Zealand.

<i>Nigroporus vinosus</i> Species of fungus

Nigroporus vinosus is a species of poroid fungus in the family Steccherinaceae, and the type species of the genus Nigroporus. Its fruit bodies have brownish caps with tinges of purple or red. The cap underside has a pore surface the same colour as the cap, and minute pores. Nigroporus vinosus has a pantropical distribution. It has been recorded from Africa, North America, Central America, South America, Asia, and Oceania. It is a wood-decay fungus that causes a white rot.

<i>Penthe obliquata</i> Species of beetle

Penthe obliquata, also known as the oblique polypore fungus beetle is a species of polypore fungus beetle in the family Tetratomidae. It is found in North America.

References

  1. Lafuze, H. H. (1937). "Nutritional Characteristics of Certain Wood-Destroying Fungi, Polyporus Betulinus Fr., Fomes Pinicola (Fr.) Cooke, and Polystictus Versicolor Fr". Plant Physiology. 12 (3): 625–646. doi:10.1104/pp.12.3.625. PMC   439320 . PMID   16653436.
  2. "Uses of plants by the Indians of the Missouri River region". Washington, Govt. print. off. 1919.