| Portuguese expedition to Doukkala | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Moroccan–Portuguese conflicts | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Kingdom of Portugal | Ouled Amran | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Nuno Fernandes † | Rahu ben Xamut | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 450 Portuguese knights 60 arquebusiers 3,500 Moors (defected) | 100 cavalry | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Only 100 survived | Unknown | ||||||
In 1516, a Portuguese military expedition was launched against the Oulad Amrane tribe, led by the governor of Safi, Nuno Fernandes. The expedition ended in failure.
In May 1516, Nuno Fernandes initiated a military expedition to punish the Moroccan tribe of Oulad Amrane, part of the tribal confederation of Doukkala, upon a request for help from the Oulad Motaa, vassals of the Portuguese Crown, who complained that the Oulad 'Amran had plundered their lands. Nuno Fernandes prepared an army of 450 Portuguese knights and 60 dismounted arquebusiers and took another 3,500 Moors from Garbia. The Portuguese, supported by the Abda and other Doukkala tribes, initially achieved success. They chased them all night and plundered the rebel base of Oulad 'Amran in the hills. On their return, they captured many women, children, and old people. [1] [2]
The Oulad 'Amran leader, Rahu ben Xamut, pursued the group with a hundred horsemen and shouted to the Moors, who were on the side of the Portuguese, inciting them to rebel against the Portuguese, who had done so much harm to them. Rahu attacked the vanguard, who were commanded by Nuno's son-of-law. Rahu approached him and killed him with a blow to the neck with a javelin. [1] The allied tribes switched sides and joined forces with the Oulad Amrane. The Portuguese were subsequently massacred or captured by the Moroccans, including Nuno, and only a hundred men managed to escape. The Moors captured 35 Portuguese nobles, and Rahu took the prisoners to Marrakesh. [1] [2]
Moulay Ismail Ibn Sharif, born around 1645 in Sijilmassa and died on 22 March 1727 at Meknes, was a Sultan of Morocco from 1672 to 1727, as the second ruler of the 'Alawi dynasty. He was the seventh son of Moulay Sharif and was governor of the province of Fez and the north of Morocco from 1667 until the death of his half-brother, Sultan Moulay Rashid in 1672. He was proclaimed sultan at Fez, but spent several years in conflict with his nephew Moulay Ahmed ben Mehrez, who also claimed the throne, until the latter's death in 1687. Moulay Ismail's 55-year reign is the longest of any sultan of Morocco. During his lifetime, Isma’il amassed a harem of over 500 women with more than 800 confirmed biological children, making him one of the most prodigious fathers in recorded history.
The Portuguese conquest of Ceuta took place on 21 August 1415, between Portuguese forces under the command of King John I of Portugal and the Marinid sultanate of Morocco at the city of Ceuta. The city's defenses fell under Portuguese control after a carefully prepared attack, and the successful capture of the city marked the beginning of the Portuguese Empire.
Tindouf, also written Tinduf, is the westernmost province of Algeria, having a population of 58,193 as of the 2008 census. Its population in reality could be as high as 160,000 because of the Sahrawi refugee camps. Despite the barren landscape, Tindouf is a resource-rich province, with important quantities of iron ore located in the Gara Djebilet area close to the border with Mauritania. Prior to Algerian independence, the area served as a strongpoint of several tribes of the nomadic Reguibat confederation.
Abdallah ibn Yasin was a theologian, spiritual leader and the founder of the Almoravid movement.
This is a historical timeline of Portugal.
The Oulad Bou Sbaa is a Chorfa/Zaouia tribe, who claim descent from Abu Sib'a, the Idrissid 16th century Tribal Chief. They live in Morocco, Western Sahara and Mauritania, with members of the tribe holding different nationalities depending on their residence and upbringings. In the 19th and 20th century, the tribe's influence in its core areas of southern Spanish Sahara was diminished and permanently weakened following heavy defeat in bloody battles against the Reguibat tribal Confederations, which were then rapidly asserting their influence over these areas. Speakers of Hassaniya Arabic, they were nomadic (Bedouin) and herded camels in today's Western Sahara and Mauritania.
Tindouf is the main town, and a commune in Tindouf Province, Algeria, close to the Mauritanian, Western Saharan and Moroccan borders. The commune has a population of around 160,000, but the census and population estimates do not count the Sahrawi refugees, making the population as of the 2008 census 45,966, up from 25,266 in 1998, giving the town an annual population growth rate of 6.3%.
Francisco Barreto was a Portuguese soldier and explorer. An officer in Morocco during his early life, Barreto sailed to Portuguese India and was eventually appointed viceroy of the colony. After his return to Lisbon, he was tasked with an expedition to southeast Africa in search of legendary gold mines. Barreto died in what is now Mozambique, having never reached the mines.
Doukkala is a natural region of Morocco made of fertile plains and forests. Nowadays it is part of the Casablanca-Settat administrative region.
The siege of Larache, in 1689, was undertaken by an army of Morocco under 'Alawid Sultan Ismail Ibn Sharif against the Spanish forces of Charles II, which had ruled the city for almost 80 years since its cession in 1610. After three months of siege, the defenders were forced to capitulate.
Lalla Aisha Al Mubaraka, often referred to as Zaydana, was a slave concubine of Moulay Ismail of Morocco, she then became one of his four wives. She had an acknowledged influence over the affairs of state through her personal influence over the sultan. Some Europeans are even said to have called her the "Empress of Morocco" as a result.
The Zawiya Dila'iya, also known as the Zawiyaof Dila and the Dila'iya Sultanate, was a Sufi brotherhood, centred in the Middle Atlas range of Morocco.
Nuño González I de Lara, nicknamed el Bueno, was a Castilian nobleman, royal counsellor and military leader. He was the head of the House of Lara and a close personal friend of Alfonso X. The king's policies often stymied his efforts to increase the power and wealth of his house, and in 1272 he led many prominent noblemen into open rebellion. Restored to favour the next year, he died defending the castle of Écija from a Moroccan invasion.
The Hyayna or Banu Hayyan is an Arab tribe that lives in an area north-east of Fes, east of the Sebou river, in Morocco. They are nomadic Bedouins descended from Banu Hilal. The confederation is composed of three fractions: Awlad Amran, Awlad Alian and Awlad Riab.
The Conquest of Fez or Capture of Fez took place in 1554 between the Algerian forces of Salah Rais and the ruler of the Saadi Sultanate, Mohammed ash-Sheikh. The battle took place on 7 January at Qudyat-al-Mahali, a suburb near Fez and occurred after Salah Reis’ two previous victories against the Saadians, one at Taza and another at the Sebou river.
The Campaign of Tlemcen (1551) was a military operation led by the Regency of Algiers under Hasan Pasha and his ally Abdelaziz, following the capture of Tlemcen by the Saadi Sultanate in June 1550.
The siege of Oran (1693) was an attempt by the Alaouite sultan Ismail Ibn Sharif to take the city of Oran, which was then under Spanish rule. After being defeated by the Spanish, he was attacked and defeated again by the Algerian Arab tribes while retreating from the territory.
The Battle of Mamora was a military engagement between the Wattasid Moroccans and the Portuguese army who landed in Mamora. The Wattasids were victorious, and the Portuguese were decisively defeated.
The Raid of Marrakech took place in 1515, when the Portuguese governor of Safi Nuno Fernandes de Ataíde led a raid that penetrated as far as Marrakech in hopes of forcing its Hintata ruler to accept Portuguese suzerainty, the attack, however, failed.
Ataíde is the name of a noble family from the Kingdom of Portugal, many of whose members played important roles in the course of the Portuguese overseas expansion and in the internal and foreign policies of Portugal and its empire.