| Battle of Palmela (1165) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Portuguese Reconquista | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Kingdom of Portugal |  Almohad Caliphate | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Afonso I of Portugal | Governor of Badajoz | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
The Battle of Palmela, which took place in 1165, was an armed encounter during the Reconquista between King Afonso I of Portugal and the Muslim governor of Badajoz, who was defeated at the time.
In 1158, the king of Portugal conquered the important port city of Alcácer do Sal and after this city fell into his hands, numerous other villages in the Alentejo surrendered or were conquered. All of these positions were reconquered by the Almohads after the Battle of Alcácer do Sal in 1161, except for Alcácer, which remained in Catholic hands. [1] [2]
On February 21, 1165, Afonso I conquered the castle of Sesimbra after realizing that the fortification was poorly defended. [3] [4]
The Almohad governor of Badajoz, the largest and most powerful Muslim city in the west of the peninsula, as soon as he learned of what had happened, left for the region to reconquer the castle with a large detachment of soldiers, including knights and pawns. [5] However, the Muslims advanced in poor order. Upon learning of the governor's approach, the Portuguese king took to the field and defeated him in battle near Palmela. [5] Following the battle, Palmela surrendered. [5]
In the same year of the conquest of Sesimbra, the battle of Palmela and the occupation of Palmela took place, Évora was also conquered by Gerald the Fearless. [6]
Afonso I, also called Afonso Henriques, nicknamed the Conqueror and the Founder by the Portuguese, was the first king of Portugal. He achieved the independence of the County of Portugal, establishing a new kingdom and doubling its area with the Reconquista, an objective that he pursued until his death.
Almada is a city and a municipality in Portugal, located on the southern margin of the Tagus River, on the opposite side of the river from Lisbon. The two cities are connected by the 25 de Abril Bridge. The population of the municipality in 2011 was 174,030, in an area of 70.21 km2. The urbanized core center, the city of Almada proper, had a population of 101,500 in 2001. It makes part of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area.
The Kingdom of the Algarve, after 1471, Kingdom of the Algarves, was a nominal kingdom within the Kingdom of Portugal, located in the southernmost region of continental Portugal, until the end of the monarchy in 1910.
Alcácer do Sal is a municipality in Portugal, located in Setúbal District. The population in 2011 was 13,046, in an area of 1,499.87 km2.
This is a timeline of notable events during the period of Muslim presence in Iberia, starting with the Umayyad conquest in the 8th century.
This is a historical timeline of Portugal.
Geraldo Geraldes or Gerald the Fearless, known in Portuguese as Geraldo Sem Pavor, was a Portuguese warrior and folk hero of the Reconquista whose theatre of operations was in the barren Alentejo and Extremadura regions of the lower Guadiana river. The city of Évora was the most lasting of his conquests and was never retaken. His success and independence have suggested parallels with the Castilian hero El Cid and Gerald has been called "the Cid of Portugal".
Castelo de Santiago do Cacém is a castle in the municipality of Santiago do Cacém, Portugal. It is classified as a national monument.
The Castle of Sesimbra, also known as Castle of the Moors, is a castle located in the town of Sesimbra, in the Setúbal District of Portugal. It was classified as a National Monument on 16 June 1910.
The Castle of Almada is a medieval castle located in the civil parish of Almada, Cova da Piedade, Pragal e Cacilhas, in the municipality of Almada, Portuguese Setúbal.
The siege of Alcácer do Sal lasted from 30 July to 18 October 1217. The well fortified city of Alcácer do Sal was a frontier outpost of the Almohad Caliphate facing Portugal. It was besieged by forces from Portugal, León, the military orders and the Fifth Crusade. The latter were led by Count William I of Holland. The expedition was the brainchild of Bishop Soeiro II of Lisbon, whose diocese was threatened by regular raids from Alcácer. King Afonso II of Portugal did not take part in person, but the city was incorporated into his kingdom after its capitulation. The crusaders who took part in the siege, mainly from the Rhineland and the Low Countries, did so without papal authorization and were afterwards ordered to continue on to the Holy Land.
The siege of Tomar was a military engagement that took place in 1190 between the Almohad caliphate who attacked the town of Tomar in Portugal, and the Templar Order, who owned the settlement and successfully defended it from the Muslim attack.
Portuguese participation in the Reconquista occurred from when the County of Portugal was founded in 868 and continued for 381 years until the last cities still in Muslim control in the Algarve were captured in 1249. Portugal was created during this prolonged process and largely owes its geographic form to it.
The presence of the Knights Templar in Portugal can be traced from 1128 until their dissolution in the 14th century.
The Spanish Christian–Muslim War of 1172–1212 was fought between the Spanish Christian kingdoms of Castile, Aragon, Navarre and Portugal and the Almohad Caliphate during the Reconquista. It began when the Almohad caliph Yusuf I attacked Castile from Cuenca in 1172 and ended after the Christian victory at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212 but small skirmishes still occurred after the battle.
The Battle of Alcácer do Sal in 1161 was an armed encounter between the troops of King Afonso Henriques and the Almohads commanded by Abu Mohammed Abdallah Ben Hafs, known to the Portuguese as Benafece.
The Conquest of Évora in 1165 was an episode of the Reconquista launched by Gerald the Fearless, who conquered the city from the Muslims during the night with a contingent of soldiers. Évora was then handed over to the Afonso I of Portugal and definitively integrated into his Kingdom.
The Luso-Leonese War of 1167-1169 was a military conflict fought between the Kingdom of León and the Kingdom of Portugal. This war began and ended within the framework of the Reconquista, where the Christian kingdoms expelled the numerous Muslim kingdoms from the Iberian Peninsula. The war started during the reigns of Ferdinand II of León and Afonso I of Portugal.
The Siege of Évora took place in 1181, when an army from the Almohad Caliphate invaded Portugal and besieged the city, which resisted the attack.
The Siege of Santarém in 1171 was a military confrontation during the Reconquista, in which the city of Santarém was besieged by an army from the Almohad Caliphate, but they were unable to conquer the city. It was the first time that Santarém was attacked since its conquest by King Afonso I of Portugal, 24 years earlier.