| Pristimantis unistrigatus | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Strabomantidae |
| Genus: | Pristimantis |
| Species: | P. unistrigatus |
| Binomial name | |
| Pristimantis unistrigatus (Günther, 1859) | |
| Synonyms [2] | |
Pristimantis unistrigatus, common name: striped robber frog, is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the Andean valleys from southern Colombia to central Ecuador. [1] [2] [3] [4]
Adult males measure 15–29 mm (0.6–1.1 in) and adult females 23–39 mm (0.9–1.5 in) in snout–vent length. The head is wider than the body in females but equal or narrower in males. The snout is rounded in lateral view and subacuminate to subovoid in dorsal view. The tympanum is visible but not distinct and partly obscured by the supratympanic fold. The finger and toe tips bear discs. Coloration is variable. The most common morph is pale brown above with an indefinite darker interorbital triangle and a series of brown spots forming dorsal chevrons. Another morph is similar to the first one but has a narrow, cream vertebral stripe running through the body. The third form is striped with several tan, medium-brown, and dark brown stripes on the back. Males have an external subgular vocal sac. [5]
The male advertisement call is a hollow click. [5]
Pristimantis unistrigatus is found in the Colombian Massif in southern Colombia (Putumayo and Nariño Departments), [4] and in the inter-Andean valleys of Ecuador all way south to the Chimborazo Province. [3]
Pristimantis unistrigatus is a common species found in various open habitats (grasslands and cultivated areas including pastures, ditches, shrubs, croplands) as well as forest edges and even urban areas at elevations of 2,200–3,400 m (7,200–11,200 ft) above sea level. [1] During the day these frogs hide under objects on the ground, occasionally also in arboreal bromeliads. At night they are active on vegetation and on the ground. [5]
The only threat to this species is heavy agrochemical pollution. Its range overlaps with several protected areas. [1]
Pristimantis angustilineatus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia and known from the Cordillera Occidental in Chocó, Risaralda, and Valle del Cauca Departments, at elevations of 1,700–2,500 m (5,600–8,200 ft) asl. The specific name angustilineatus refers to the narrow white dorsolateral lines and comes from Latin angustus (="narrow") and lineatus.
Pristimantis buckleyi is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found on the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador. Specifically, it occurs on the both flanks of the Cordillera Central and on the eastern flank of the Cordillera Occidental in Colombia, and on the Cordillera Real in Ecuador south Cayambe, at elevations of 2,500–3,700 m (8,200–12,100 ft) asl.
Pristimantis croceoinguinis is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the lowland Amazon rainforest of southern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, and extreme north-eastern Peru, likely also extending into the adjacent Brazil. The specific name croceoinguinis refers to the color of the inguinal spots of this frog. Common name Santa Cecilia robber frog has been proposed for it.
Pristimantis cryophilius is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the Ecuadorian Andes in the Azuay, Cañar, and Morona-Santiago Provinces. The specific name cryophilius is derived from Greek kryos for cold and philois for loving and refers to the affinity of this species for cold climate. Common name San Vicente robber frog has been coined for it.
Pristimantis curtipes is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the Nariño Department of southern Colombia and in the Andes of Ecuador south to Desierto de Palmira.
Pristimantis eremitus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the Cordillera Occidental in north-western Ecuador from the Cotopaxi Province northward and on western slope of the Colombian Massif in the Nariño Department, extreme south-western Colombia. The specific name eremitus is Latin for "lonely" or "solitary" and refers to this species being the only western-Andean species among its closest relatives. Common names Chiriboga robber frog and lonely rainfrog have been coined for it.
Pristimantis frater is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia and occurs on the eastern slopes of the Cordillera Oriental in the Norte de Santander, Boyacá, Casanare, Cundinamarca, and Meta Departments, as well as in the Serranía de la Macarena. The population in the Serranía de la Macarena might represent a distinct species. Common name Meta robber frog has been coined for it.
Pristimantis gentryi is a species of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to central Ecuador where it is found in a small area west of the Páramo de Apagua, Cotopaxi Province. The specific name gentryi honors Alwyn Gentry, American botanist who perished during his field work in Ecuador. Common name Pilalo robber frog has been proposed for this species.
Pristimantis katoptroides is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the eastern slopes of the Andes of Ecuador and Cordillera Central and eastern Andean foothills in northwestern Peru. The specific name katoptroides is Greek for "mirror-like" and refers to the similarity of this species to Pristimantis crucifer, but being found on the other side of the Andes. Common name Puyo robber frog has been proposed for it.
Pristimantis modipeplus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the Andes of central Ecuador in Chimborazo, Pichincha, and Tungurahua Provinces. Common name Urbina robber frog has been proposed for it.
Pristimantis ocreatus is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. Although often reported as being endemic to the Andes of northern Ecuador, it has also been reported from extreme southern Colombia ; the possibility of range extension to Colombia has been acknowledged. Its type locality is the west slope of volcano Chiles in the Carchi Province, and common name Carchi robber frog has been coined for it. These frogs have pale hands and feet, as if wearing gloves and socks—hence the specific name ocreatus, which is Latin and means "wearing leggings" or "booted".
Pristimantis repens, known commonly as the Galeras robber frog, is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the Colombian Massif in the Nariño Department, Colombia. The specific name repens is Latin for creeping or crawling, inferred to be its mode of locomotion based on its short limbs.
Pristimantis rosadoi is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in north-western Ecuador in Carchi, Esmeraldas, and Pichincha provinces, and in the adjacent Colombia in the Nariño Department as well as on the Gorgona Island; there is some doubt about the identity of the Gorgona Island specimens, while the checklist of Colombian amphibians only mentions the Gorgona record. The specific name rosadoi honors José P. O. Rosado, herpetologist at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, and also alludes to similarity of this species to Pristimantis roseus. Common name Rosado's robber frog has been proposed for it.
Pristimantis simonbolivari is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and known only from the region of its type locality, Cashca Totoras, Cordillera Occidental, in the Bolívar Province. The specific name simonbolivari honors Simón Bolívar. Common name Simon's ground frog has been proposed for it.
Pristimantis supernatis is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the Cordillera Central, Colombia, from Nevado del Huila southward to the Colombian Massif and the Carchi Province in northern Ecuador. Some sources report records from further north (Antioquia), but others attribute these to Pristimantis permixtus. Common name El Carmelo robber frog has been coined for this species.
Pristimantis taeniatus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in central Panama to Colombia, possibly to north-western Ecuador. It is sometimes known as banded robber frog.
Pristimantis variabilis is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the lowland Amazon rainforest and Andean slopes in southern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, and western Brazil. The specific name variabilis refers to the variable dorsal coloration of this frog. Common name variable robber frog has been proposed for it.
Pristimantis viejas is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the Andes of Colombia and is known from eastern flanks/base of the northern Cordillera Central and from western flank of the Cordillera Oriental. The specific name viejas is a Spanish expression meaning "pretty young women", in reference to three biologist who had studied this species.
Pristimantis vilarsi, also known as the Rio Uaupes robber frog, is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the upper Amazon basin in Brazil, Peru, Colombia, and Venezuela.
Pristimantis acerus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and known from the area of its type locality between Papallacta and Cuyujúathe in the Napo Province and from the Llanganates National Park, Pastaza Province. This species is rated as Endangered by the IUCN. Common name Papallacta robber frog has been coined for it.
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