Procyanidin A1

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Procyanidin A1
Proanthocyanidin A1.svg
Names
IUPAC name
(2R,3S,8S,14R,15R)-2,8-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3,4,14-tetrahydro-8,14-methanobenzo[7,8][1,3]dioxocino[4,5-h]chromene-3,5,11,13,15-pentaol
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C30H24O13/c31-12-6-17(35)23-21(7-12)42-30(11-4-18(36)26(39)19(37)5-11)29(40)25(23)24-22(43-30)9-15(33)13-8-20(38)27(41-28(13)24)10-1-2-14(32)16(34)3-10/h1-7,9,20,25,27,29,31-40H,8H2/t20-,25-,27-,29-,30+/m1/s1
    Key: WODBGULXKVZGQF-QCPBNORNSA-N
  • O[C@@H]1[C@@H](C2=C(O[C@H](C3=CC(O)=C(O)C=C3)[C@@H](O)C4)C4=C(O)C=C2O5)C6=C(C=C(O)C=C6O)O[C@]15C7=CC(O)=C(O)C=C7
Properties
C30H24O12
Molar mass 576.510 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Procyanidin A1 is an A type proanthocyanidin dimer.

It is an epicatechin-(2β→7,4β→8)-catechin dimer found in Rhododendron spiciferum , [1] in peanut skins [2] and in Ecdysanthera utilis . [3]

Procyanidin B1 can be converted into procyanidin A1 by radical oxidation using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals under neutral conditions. [4]

Related Research Articles

Catechin Type of natural phenol, antioxidant, and a plant secondary metabolite

Catechin is a flavan-3-ol, a type of natural phenol and antioxidant. It is a plant secondary metabolite. It belongs to the group of flavan-3-ols, part of the chemical family of flavonoids.

Proanthocyanidins are a class of polyphenols found in many plants, such as cranberry, blueberry, and grape seeds. Chemically, they are oligomeric flavonoids. Many are oligomers of catechin and epicatechin and their gallic acid esters. More complex polyphenols, having the same polymeric building block, form the group of tannins.

Procyanidin

Procyanidins are members of the proanthocyanidin class of flavonoids. They are oligomeric compounds, formed from catechin and epicatechin molecules. They yield cyanidin when depolymerized under oxidative conditions.

Phenolic content in wine Wine chemistry

The phenolic content in wine refers to the phenolic compounds—natural phenol and polyphenols—in wine, which include a large group of several hundred chemical compounds that affect the taste, color and mouthfeel of wine. These compounds include phenolic acids, stilbenoids, flavonols, dihydroflavonols, anthocyanins, flavanol monomers (catechins) and flavanol polymers (proanthocyanidins). This large group of natural phenols can be broadly separated into two categories, flavonoids and non-flavonoids. Flavonoids include the anthocyanins and tannins which contribute to the color and mouthfeel of the wine. The non-flavonoids include the stilbenoids such as resveratrol and phenolic acids such as benzoic, caffeic and cinnamic acids.

Prodelphinidin is a name for the polymeric tannins composed of gallocatechin. It yields delphinidin during depolymerisation under oxidative conditions.

Procyanidin C2 Chemical compound

Procyanidin C2 is a B type proanthocyanidin trimer, a type of condensed tannin.

Procyanidin B2 Chemical compound

Procyanidin B2 is a B type proanthocyanidin. Its structure is (−)-Epicatechin-(4β→8)-(−)-epicatechin.

A type proanthocyanidins are a specific type of proanthocyanidins, which are a class of flavonoid. Proanthocyanidins fall under a wide range of names in the nutritional and scientific vernacular, including oligomeric proanthocyanidins, flavonoids, polyphenols, condensed tannins, and OPCs. Proanthocyanidins were first popularized by French scientist Jacques Masquelier.

The molecular formula C30H26O12 may refer to:

Procyanidin B1 Chemical compound

Procyanidin B1 is a procyanidin dimer.

Procyanidin B3 Chemical compound

Procyanidin B3 is a B type proanthocyanidin. Procyanidin B3 is a catechin dimer.

Procyanidin B4 Chemical compound

Procyanidin B4 is a B type proanthocyanidin.

Procyanidin B6 Chemical compound

Procyanidin B6 is a B type proanthocyanidin.

Procyanidin B8 Chemical compound

Procyanidin B8 is a B type proanthocyanidin.

Procyanidin A2 Chemical compound

Procyanidin A2 is an A type proanthocyanidin.

Afzelechin Chemical compound

Afzelechin is a flavan-3-ol, a type of flavonoid. It can be found in Bergenia ligulata. It exists as at least 2 major epimers.

Procyanidin C1 Chemical compound

Procyanidin C1 (PCC1) is a B type proanthocyanidin. It is an epicatechin trimer found in grape, unripe apples, and cinnamon.

Condensed tannin Polymers formed by the condensation of flavans.

Condensed tannins are polymers formed by the condensation of flavans. They do not contain sugar residues.

B type proanthocyanidins are a specific type of proanthocyanidin, which are a class of flavanoids. They are oligomers of flavan-3-ols.

Catechin-7-<i>O</i>-glucoside Chemical compound

Catechin-7-O-glucoside is a flavan-3-ol glycoside formed from catechin.

References

  1. ↑ Liu, YZ; Cao, YG; Ye, JQ; Wang, WG; Song, KJ; Wang, XL; Wang, CH; Li, RT; Deng, XM (2009). "Immunomodulatory effects of proanthocyanidin A-1 derived in vitro from Rhododendron spiciferum". Fitoterapia. 81 (2): 108–14. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2009.08.005. PMID   19686816.
  2. ↑ Hongxiang Lou; Yamazaku Y.; Sasaku T.; Uchida M.; Tanaka H.; Oka S. (1999). "A-type proanthocyanidins from peanut skins". Phytochemistry. 51 (2): 297–308. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00736-5.
  3. ↑ Lin, Lie-Chwen; Kuo, Yuh-Chi; Chou, Cheng-Jen (2002). "Immunomodulatory Proanthocyanidins from Ecdysantherautilis". Journal of Natural Products. 65 (4): 505–8. doi:10.1021/np010414l. PMID   11975489.
  4. ↑ Conversion of procyanidin B-type (catechin dimer) to A-type: evidence for abstraction of C-2 hydrogen in catechin during radical oxidation. Kazunari Kondo, Masaaki Kurihara, Kiyoshi Fukuhara, Takashi Tanaka, Takashi Suzuki, Naoki Miyata and Masatake Toyoda, Tetrahedron Letters, 22 January 2000, Volume 41, Issue 4, Pages 485–488, doi : 10.1016/S0040-4039(99)02097-3


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