Programming languages used in most popular websites

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One thing the most visited websites have in common is that they are dynamic websites. Their development typically involves server-side coding, client-side coding and database technology. The programming languages applied to deliver such dynamic web content vary vastly between sites.

Programming languages used in most popular websites [a]
Websites Popularity
(unique visitors per month) [1] 		Front-end
(Client-side)		 Back-end
(Server-side)		 Database
Google [2] 2,800,000,000 JavaScript, TypeScript C, C++, Go, [3] Java, Python, Node Bigtable, [4] MariaDB [5]
Facebook 1,120,000,000 JavaScript, TypeScript, Flow Hack/HHVM, Python, C++, Java, Erlang, D, [6] Haskell [7] MariaDB, MySQL, [8] HBase, Cassandra [9]
YouTube 1,100,000,000 JavaScript, TypeScript Python, C, C++, Java, [10] Go [11] Vitess, BigTable, MariaDB [5]
Yahoo 750,000,000 JavaScript PHP PostgreSQL, HBase, Cassandra, MongoDB, [12]
Etsy 516,000,000
(Total, not unique) [13] 		JavaScript PHP [14] MySQL, Redis [15]
Amazon 2,400,000,000 [16] JavaScript Java, C++, Perl [17] DynamoDB, RDS/Aurora, Redshift [18]
Wikipedia 475,000,000 JavaScript PHP MariaDB [19]
Fandom 315,000,000 [20] JavaScript PHP MySQL
X 290,000,000 JavaScript C++, Java, [21] Scala, [22] Ruby (Ruby on Rails) MySQL [23]
Bing 285,000,000 JavaScript C++, C# Microsoft SQL Server, Cosmos DB
eBay 285,000,000 JavaScript Java, [24] JavaScript, [25] Scala [26] Oracle Database
MSN 280,000,000 JavaScript C# (ASP.NET) Microsoft SQL Server
LinkedIn 260,000,000 JavaScript Java, JavaScript, [27] Scala Venice [28] [29]
Pinterest 250,000,000 JavaScript Python (Django), [30] Erlang, Elixir [31] MySQL, Redis [32]
WordPress.com 240,000,000 [33] JavaScript PHP [34] MariaDB [35]
Netflix 223.090.000 (Subscribers, not visitors) JavaScript Python, Java [36] NMDB, [37] PostgreSQL
  1. ↑ Data on programming languages is based on:
    • HTTP Header information
    • Request for file types
    • Citations from reliable sources
Back-end (Server-side) table in most popular websites
Websites C# C C++ D Elixir Erlang Go Hack Haskell Java JavaScript Perl PHP Python Ruby Scala
Google NoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoYesYesNoNoYesNoNo
Facebook NoNoYesYesNoYesNoYesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNo
YouTube NoYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNo
Yahoo NoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNo
Etsy NoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNo
Amazon NoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNo
Wikipedia NoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNo
Fandom NoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNo
X NoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYesYes
Bing YesNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo
eBay NoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYes
MSN YesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo
LinkedIn NoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoYes
Pinterest NoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNo
WordPress.com NoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNo
Netflix NoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoNoYesNoNo

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Top 15 Most Popular Websites May 2018". eBiz. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  2. ↑ searchenginewatch.com - Google Hits the Billion Monthly Unique Visitors Mark Archived 25 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ↑ Rob Pike (2012). Go at Google. Presentation at the ACM conference on Systems, Programming, Languages and Applications: Software for Humanity (SPLASH).
  4. ↑ "Google's Bigtable". Archived from the original on 16 June 2006.
  5. 1 2 "Google Waves Goodbye To MySQL In Favor Of MariaDB". readwrite.com. 14 September 2013. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
  6. ↑ "Facebook is using D in production starting today". forum.dlang.org. Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2014.
  7. ↑ "Fighting spam with Haskell". Facebook Engineering. Facebook. 26 June 2015. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  8. ↑ "MySQL and Database Engineering". Facebook . Archived from the original on 11 January 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
  9. ↑ "Cassandra – A structured storage system Developed By Facebook". Facebook . Archived from the original on 24 May 2021. Retrieved 23 September 2015.
  10. ↑ "YouTube Architecture - High Scalability -". 12 March 2008. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
  11. ↑ "Golang Vitess: a database wrapper written in Go as used by Youtube". GitHub . 28 September 2022. Archived from the original on 30 January 2018. Retrieved 17 November 2014.
  12. ↑ "World's Largest Database Running on Postgres". Archived from the original on 21 October 2016. Retrieved 17 August 2014.
  13. ↑ Jennewine, Trevor (1 February 2021). "Where Will Etsy Be in 5 Years?". The Motley Fool. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
  14. ↑ "Improving the Deployment Experience of a Ten-Year Old Application". Code as Craft. 15 June 2021. Archived from the original on 24 November 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
  15. ↑ "How Etsy Prepared for Historic Volumes of Holiday Traffic in 2020". Code as Craft. 25 February 2021. Archived from the original on 24 November 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
  16. ↑ Coppola, Daniela (14 July 2022). "Worldwide-visits-to-Amazon.com-December-2021-to-May-2022-(in billions)". www.statista.com. Archived from the original on 13 March 2017. Retrieved 28 October 2022.
  17. ↑ "Amazon Architecture". 18 September 2007. Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2014.
  18. ↑ "Amazon's consumer business ditches Oracle's databases". SiliconANGLE. 15 October 2019. Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  19. ↑ "Wikipedia Adopts MariaDB". Wikimedia Foundation. 22 April 2013. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
  20. ↑ "Fandom Expands Its Revenue Business with the Launch of New Self-Serve…". Fandom. Archived from the original on 24 November 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
  21. ↑ "Twitter and Java | go.Java | Oracle". go.java. Archived from the original on 16 September 2018. Retrieved 16 September 2018.
  22. ↑ Venners, Bill. "Twitter on Scala". Archived from the original on 19 June 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
  23. ↑ "How Twitter Stores 250 Million Tweets A Day Using MySQL". 19 December 2011. Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
  24. ↑ "eBay Architecture". 27 May 2008. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
  25. ↑ "How We Built eBay's First Node.js Application". 17 May 2013. Archived from the original on 12 November 2017. Retrieved 25 September 2014.
  26. ↑ "squbs". paypal.github.io. Archived from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 1 January 2017.
  27. ↑ "LinkedIn Moved From Rails To Node: 27 Servers Cut And Up To 20x Faster". 4 October 2012. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 25 September 2014.
  28. ↑ "project-voldemort mailing list post: 2018-08-16" . Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  29. ↑ "Venice Performance Optimization". Archived from the original on 14 March 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
  30. ↑ "FAQ:General". Archived from the original on 22 October 2014. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
  31. ↑ "Introducing new open-source tools for the Elixir community". Archived from the original on 19 December 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  32. ↑ "How We Scaled Pinterest From Zero Users To A $2 Billion Valuation". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
  33. ↑ N, G (27 December 2022). "WordPress Traffic Statistics Lookup". www.northsgate.com. Archived from the original on 28 December 2022. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  34. ↑ "PHP Environment". WordPress.com Support. 26 February 2019. Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2021.
  35. ↑ "WordPress.com PHP Environment". 26 February 2019. Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  36. ↑ "Netflix, Inc". GitHub. Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  37. ↑ Blog, Netflix Technology (3 February 2019). "The Netflix Media Database (NMDB)". Medium. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
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