The Project for the Royal Palace and Patriarchal Cathedral of Lisbon by Italian architect Filippo Juvarra was an ambitious proposal for a monumental complex located along the Tagus river in Lisbon, projected to house both a royal palace of King John V of Portugal and a new cathedral for the Patriarch of Lisbon. Juvarra planned the palace in 1719 for the modern-day Lapa neighborhood, though the works were never realized. [1] [2]
At the beginning of the reign of King D. João V there were several deliberations on the possible construction of a sumptuous Royal Palace and a Patriarchal Cathedral, [1] dedicated to Saint Mary of Portugal. [3] The project was not only intended to create a symbol of the imperial power of the magnanimous monarch but also to celebrate the attribution of the position of Patriarch to the Archbishop of Lisbon Tomás de Almeida (1670–1754) by the Papal Bull «In supremo apostolatus solio» by Pope Clement XI (December 7, 1716). The place of construction would be either in a riverside area west of the Terreiro do Paço, called "Buenos Aires", or in the Terreiro do Paço itself. The initial studies were commissioned by an Italian architect named Filippo Juvarra, who arrived in Lisbon in January 1719 and worked on the schemes until July of that year. During his stay he also made schemes for the creation of a monumental lighthouse on the Tagus river mouth. [4]
However, the choice of location by the architect (it would be in "Buenos Aires") and the size and architectural style of the building envisioned, inspired by Saint Peter's Basilica in the Vatican, [3] led to the Secretary of State of the King, D. Diogo de Mendonça Corte-Real (1658–1736), to declare the project a show of megalomania. For this reason, D. João V decided to invest in a massive reconstruction of the Paços da Ribeira (Royal Ribeira Palace) in Terreiro do Paço, which did not survive the Lisbon Earthquake of 1755. [2]
Baroque architecture is a highly decorative and theatrical style which appeared in Italy in the early 17th century and gradually spread across Europe. It was originally introduced by the Catholic Church, particularly by the Jesuits, as a means to combat the Reformation and the Protestant church with a new architecture that inspired surprise and awe. It reached its peak in the High Baroque (1625–1675), when it was used in churches and palaces in Italy, Spain, Portugal, France, Bavaria and Austria. In the Late Baroque period (1675–1750), it reached as far as Russia, the Ottoman Empire and the Spanish and Portuguese colonies in Latin America. In about 1730, an even more elaborately decorative variant called Rococo appeared and flourished in Central Europe.
Filippo Juvarra was an Italian architect, scenographer, engraver and goldsmith. He was active in a late-Baroque architecture style, working primarily in Italy, Spain, and Portugal.
Almeirim is a city and a municipality in Santarém District, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 23,376, in an area of 222.12 km². The city proper had a population of 10,520 in 2001.
Infanta Francisca Josefa Maria Xaviera([fɾɐ̃ˈsiʃkɐ ʒuˈzɛfɐ]; English: Frances Josepha) was a Portuguese infanta (princess) and the last of eight children of King Peter II of Portugal and his second wife Marie Sophie of Neuburg.
Ribeira Palace was the main residence of the Kings of Portugal, in Lisbon, for around 250 years. Its construction was ordered by King Manuel I of Portugal when he found the Royal Alcáçova of São Jorge unsuitable. The palace complex underwent numerous reconstructions and reconfigurations from the original Manueline design, ending with its final Mannerist and Baroque form.
The Praça do Comércio is a large, harbour-facing plaza in Portugal's capital, Lisbon, and is one of the largest in Portugal, with an area of 175 by 175 m, that is, 30,600 m2.
Diogo de Arruda was a noted Portuguese architect that was active during the early years of the 16th century. He had some other important family members including his brother, Francisco de Arruda and his uncle, Miguel de Arruda.
Portuguese architecture refers to both the architecture of Portugal's modern-day territory in Continental Portugal, the Azores and Madeira, as well as the architectural heritage/patrimony of Portuguese architects and styles throughout the world, particularly in countries formerly part of the Portuguese Empire.
Infante Carlos of Portugal was a Portuguese infante, the fourth child of King John V of Portugal and his wife Maria Anna of Austria.
The Santa Apolónia Station is the oldest railway terminus in Portugal. Situated in the civil parish of São Vicente, in the central part of the municipality of Lisbon, on the northern margin of the Tagus River in the historical district of Alfama.
Baroque architecture in Portugal lasted about two centuries. The reigns of John V and Joseph I had increased imports of gold and diamonds, in a period called Royal Absolutism or Absolute monarchy, which allowed the Portuguese Baroque to flourish.
João Antunes (1642–1712) was a Portuguese architect and master mason, considered to be one of the most important architects of Baroque architecture. Antunes served as royal architect during the reign of King Pedro II of Portugal and is responsible for a number of famous landmarks in Lisbon, such as the National Pantheon at Santa Engrácia, and the tomb of Saint Joana, Princess of Portugal.
Antonio Canevari was an Italian architect of the Rococo and Neoclassical periods.
Pedro Nunes Tinoco was a Portuguese architect who worked in what George Kubler described as the 'Plain Style', and is known also as the patriarch of a number of a family of notable Portuguese architects. He was one of a privileged few to be awarded a royal apprenticeship to study architecture under Nicolau de Frias in Lisbon's Aula dos Paços da Ribeira, a school founded by Philip I of Portugal in 1584.
Manuel Pereira de Sampaio was a Portuguese nobleman and diplomat, who served as King John V of Portugal's ambassador to the Holy See.
The Project of Filippo Juvarra for the Royal Palace of Madrid was the ambitious first project for the Royal Palace of Madrid.
The Royal Patriarchal Music Seminary of Lisbon was founded in 1713 by Portugal's king João V (John) to train singers for his Royal Chapel of Saint Thomas at Ribeira Palace.
The Museu de Lisboa is a museum network in Lisbon, Portugal, dedicated to the history of Lisbon, from prehistoric times to the modern day. The museum is housed in various buildings across Lisbon, including Pimenta Palace in Campo Grande, the Praça do Comércio in the Lisbon Baixa, and the Casa dos Bicos in Alfama, among others.
The Project for the Royal Palace in Campo de Ourique was an ambitious 18th century proposal for a monumental royal palace to be built in the Campo de Ourique neighborhood of Lisbon. Portuguese architect Dionizio de S. Dionizio planned the palace for King Joseph I of Portugal as part of the reconstruction efforts following the destruction of the 1755 Lisbon Earthquake.
