| Prunus sect. Prunus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Prunus salicina | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Rosales |
| Family: | Rosaceae |
| Genus: | Prunus |
| Subgenus: | Prunus subg. Prunus |
| Section: | Prunus sect. Prunus |
| Type species | |
| Prunus domestica L. | |
| Species | |
See text. | |
Prunus sect. Prunus is a section of Prunus subg. Prunus. It contains species of Eurasian plum. [1]
Species in this section includes: [2] [3]
Hybrid species (some of them are hybrids with species of other sections):
The taxonomic position of P. brigantina is disputed. It is grouped with species of Prunus sect. Prunus according to chloroplast DNA sequences, [2] but more closely related to species of Prunus sect. Armeniaca according to nuclear DNA sequences. [7]
Pluots, apriums, apriplums, plumcots, plumpicots, or pluclots are some of the hybrids between different Prunus species that are also called interspecific plums. Whereas plumcots and apriplums are first-generation hybrids between a plum parent and an apricot, pluots and apriums are later-generations. Both names "plumcot" and "apriplum" have been used for trees derived from a plum seed parent, and are therefore equivalent.
An apricot is a fruit, or the tree that bears the fruit, of several species in the genus Prunus.
A plum is a fruit of some species in Prunus subg. Prunus. Dried plums are often called prunes, though in the United States they may be labeled as 'dried plums', especially during the 21st century.
Prunus is a genus of trees and shrubs in the flowering plant family Rosaceae that includes plums, cherries, peaches, nectarines, apricots, and almonds. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, being native to the North American temperate regions, the neotropics of South America, and temperate and tropical regions of Eurasia and Africa, There are about 340 accepted species as of March 2024. Many members of the genus are widely cultivated for their fruit and for decorative purposes. Prunus fruit are drupes, or stone fruits. The fleshy mesocarp surrounding the endocarp is edible while the endocarp itself forms a hard, inedible shell called the pyrena. This shell encloses the seed, which is edible in some species, but poisonous in many others. Besides being eaten off the hand, most Prunus fruit are also commonly used in processing, such as jam production, canning, drying, and the seeds for roasting.
Prunus spinosa, called blackthorn or sloe, is an Old World species of flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae. It is locally naturalized in parts of the New World.
Prunus cerasifera is a species of plum known by the common names cherry plum and myrobalan plum. It is native to Southeast Europe and Western Asia, and is naturalised in the British Isles and scattered locations in North America. Also naturalized in parts of SE Australia where it is considered to be a mildly invasive weed of bushland near urban centers. P. cerasifera is believed to one of the parents of the cultivated plum, Prunus domestica perhaps crossing with the sloe, Prunus spinosa, or perhaps the sole parent. This would make it a parent of most of the commercial varieties of plum in the UK and mainland Europe - Victoria, greengages, bullace etc.
Prunus salicina, commonly called the Japanese plum or Chinese plum, is a small deciduous tree native to China, Taiwan and Southeast Asia. It is an introduced species in Korea, Japan, Israel, the United States, and Australia.
The bullace is a variety of plum. It bears edible fruit similar to those of the damson, and like the damson is considered to be a strain of the insititia subspecies of Prunus domestica. Although the term has regionally been applied to several different kinds of "wild plum" found in the United Kingdom, it is usually taken to refer to varieties with a spherical shape, as opposed to the oval damsons.
Prunus tenella, the dwarf Russian almond, is a species of deciduous shrub in the genus Prunus, native to steppes of Eastern Europe and Western Siberia, as well as dry open sites of Caucasus, Western and Central Asia.
Prunus domestica is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. A deciduous tree, it includes many varieties of the fruit trees known as plums in English, though not all plums belong to this species. The greengages and damsons also belong to subspecies of P. domestica.
Prunus sect. Prunocerasus is a section of the genus Prunus. Koehne originally described it as comprising the North American plums and placed it in the subgenus Cerasus. The section is now generally recognized as belonging to Prunus subg. Prunus.
Stigmella plagicolella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae described by Henry Tibbats Stainton in 1854. It is found in all of Europe and the Near East.
Stigmella prunetorum is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in all of Europe.
Prunus subg. Prunus is a subgenus of Prunus. This subgenus includes plums, apricots and bush cherries. Some species conventionally included in Prunus subg. Amygdalus are clustered with plum/apricot species according to molecular phylogenetic studies. Shi et al. (2013) has incorporated subg. Amygdalus into subg. Prunus, thereby including almonds and peaches in this subgenus. The species in this subgenus have solitary flowers or 2–3 in a fascicle.
Prunus brigantina, called Briançon apricot, Briançon plum, marmot plum, and Alpine apricot, is a wild tree species native to France and Italy. Its fruit is edible and similar to the commercial apricot P. armeniaca, but it is smooth unlike apricots. An edible oil produced from the seed, 'huile des marmottes', is used in France.
Prunus × dasycarpa, called purple apricot and black apricot, is a species of tree. It is in the genus Prunus in the rose family, Rosaceae. The species was named by Jakob Friedrich Ehrhart in 1791. The buds are reddish-orange, and the flower blossoms are white. It is likely a hybrid of P. armeniaca × P. cerasifera. There is disagreement about whether this is a human-cultivated cross or a naturally occurring cross from Western Asia.
Prunus tianshanica, the Tianshan cherry, is a species of cherry native to the Tianshan Mountains of Central Asia, preferring to grow at 800-1000 m.
Prunus × fruticans is a species of shrubby Prunus, which frequently reaches about 4 m (13 ft) although large tree-like forms are known. Morphological, habitat and genetic data indicate that most or all examples of fruticans represents hybrids of Blackthorn Prunus spinosa, and Prunus domestica var. insititia be it in its Black Bullace or Damson forms. Prunus x fruticans is found mainly in Europe where these species ranges overlap. Analysis of some forms reveals it to be a tetraploid despite suspected parentage involving tetraploid and hexaploid species otherwise expected to produced at least some pentaploid offspring.. However, earlier research that examined different morphologies in different geographical areas across Europe have identified self-fertile forms, which in the context of additional research suggests that some are pentaploid or hexaploid. Hanelt also observed pentaploid forms in Prunus x fruticans hybrids, while listing at least eight forms alleged to be suspecies of Blackthorn, thereby raising issues with the visual intepretation of morphological features. Issues with interpretation of the hybrids grouped under fruticans possibly stem from the genetic variance in plants grouped under Blackthorn Prunus spinosa that have shown to be diploid, triploid, pentaploid and hexaploid, despite popular scholarly references to their tetraploid status influencing a pseudo-consensus. Some large-fruited Blackthorn forms have been shown to be tetraploid, and so are varieties of Blackthorn such as var. macrocarpa, while the uncertain consequence of the ploidy status of some or all Black Bullace is absent from research that has focused on crosses of Blackthorn with Damson. The Damson is a hexaploid grouped with the genetically uncategorised Black Bullace under the same subspecies category, presently as Prunus x domestica subsp. insititia. Woldring in his 1998 study noted at least 33 very diverse forms from trailing hedges to large thorny shrubs or even larger plum sized trees over 20 feet in height but bearing Blackthorn characteristics and a confusing absence of dominant intermediary features. These Woldring grouped under the intermediate forms, as Prunus x fruticans or in some cases more complex back crosses with Blackthorn or Damson, but with little reference to Bullace as a distinct contributor instead of the umbrella term 'Damson'. As such, without more precise genetic analysis, the forms of hybrid grouped as Prunus x fruticans are very diverse in morphology and represents an unknown affinity to their parent species or varieties of their parent species, especially due to repeat hybridisation. Many popular and authoritative sources conpound the problem by tending to describe Prunus x fruticans in simple terms as an intermediary large shrub with the qualities of Blackthorn and domestic plums, despite this not being universally the case, and examples can be found in eminent works by C. Stace, such as the New Flora of the British Isles, which also groups the Blackthorn form macrocarpa under Prunus x fruticans despite the evidence of U. Körber-Grohne and others pointing to the ploidy characteristics of Blackthorn only in this form. An issue arising from this limited research and the diversity of forms means that it is difficult to visually determine true examples of Prunus x fruticans from some forms of Bullace and unusual or possibly unknown varieties of Blackthorn. Moreover, some traditional forms of bullace may themselves represent forms of Prunus x fruticans, which have been able to persist due to frequent stone fecundity within these dark-fruited hybrids.
Prunus sect. Microcerasus is a section of Prunus. It used to be included in Prunus subg. Cerasus, but phylogenetic research indicates it belongs to Prunus subg. Prunus. It differs from Prunus subg. Cerasus by having three winter buds per axil.
Prunus × rossica, the Russian plum, is a hybrid cultigen between cherry plum and Chinese or Japanese plum. It is of commercial importance in the European Russia, and there are many cultivars developed there, such as 'Gek', 'Desertnaya', 'Kubanskaya Kometa', 'Obilnaja'.