Related Research Articles
East Pakistan was the eastern province of Pakistan between 1955 and 1971, restructured and renamed from the province of East Bengal and covering the territory of the modern country of Bangladesh. Its land borders were with India and Burma, with a coastline on the Bay of Bengal. East Pakistanis were popularly known as "Pakistani Bengalis"; to distinguish this region from India's state West Bengal, East Pakistan was known as "Pakistani Bengal". In 1971, East Pakistan became the newly independent state Bangladesh, which means "country of Bengal" or "country of Bengalis" in Bengali language.
The Bangladesh Liberation War, also known as the Bangladesh War of Independence and known as the Liberation War in Bangladesh, was an armed conflict sparked by the rise of the Bengali nationalist and self-determination movement in East Pakistan, which resulted in the independence of Bangladesh. The war began when the Pakistani military junta based in West Pakistan—under the orders of Yahya Khan—launched Operation Searchlight against the people of East Pakistan on the night of 25 March 1971, initiating the Bangladesh genocide.
Tajuddin Ahmad was a Bangladeshi politician. He led the Provisional Government of Bangladesh as its prime minister during the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971, and is regarded as one of the most instrumental figures in the birth of Bangladesh. He is known for his unwavering leadership and strategic acumen. He played a crucial role in organising the war efforts. His contributions continue to be celebrated in Bangladesh’s history and political
Ambika Chakrabarty was an Indian independence movement activist and revolutionary. Later, he was a leader of the Communist Party of India and a member of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly.
Ganesh Ghosh was an Indian independence activist, revolutionary and politician.
Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra was the radio broadcasting centre of Bengali nationalist forces during the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971. The station played an important role in the liberation struggle, broadcasting the Declaration of Independence and increasing the morale of Bangladeshis during the brutal genocide in 1971. During this time, radio was the only media able to reach the far ends of Bangladesh. The station ran a liberation campaign throughout the liberation war.
Fazlul Quader Chowdhury was a Bengali politician who served as the 5th speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan from East Pakistan. He belonged to Ayub Khan's Convention Muslim League. He was also the acting president of Pakistan from time to time when Ayub Khan left the country. His elder brother Fazlul Kabir Chowdhury was the leader of the opposition in East Pakistan assembly. Quader was preceded by Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan of Awami League.
The Provisional Government of Bangladesh, popularly known as the Mujibnagar Government ; also known as the Bangladeshi government-in-exile, was the first and founding government of Bangladesh that was established following the proclamation of independence of East Pakistan as Bangladesh on 10 April 1971. Headed by prime minister Tajuddin Ahmad, it was the supreme leadership of the Bangladeshi liberation movement, comprising a cabinet, a diplomatic corps, an assembly, an armed force, and a radio service. It operated as a government-in-exile from Kolkata.
Kalpana Datta, also Kalpana Joshi, was an Indian independence movement activist and a member of the armed independence movement led by Surya Sen, which carried out the Chittagong armoury raid in 1930. Later she joined the Communist Party of India and married Puran Chand Joshi, the general secretary of the party in 1943.
Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani, often shortened as Maulana Bhashani, was a Bengali politician. His political tenure spanned the British colonial India, Pakistan and Bangladesh periods. Maulana Bhashani was popularly known by the honorary title Mozlum Jananeta for his lifelong stance advocating for the poor. He gained nationwide mass popularity among the peasants and helped to build the East Pakistan Peasant Association. Owing to his political leaning to the left, often dubbed Islamic Socialism, he was also called 'The Red Maulana'. He is considered as one of the main pillars of Bangladeshi independence (1971).
Surya Sen, also known as Surya Kumar Sen, was an Indian revolutionary who was influential in the independence movement against British rule in India and is best known for leading the 1930 Chittagong armoury raid.
The Mukti Bahini, also known as the Bangladesh Forces, was the guerrilla resistance movement consisting of the Bangladeshi military, paramilitary and civilians during the Bangladesh Liberation War that transformed East Pakistan into Bangladesh in 1971. They were initially called the Mukti Fauj.
Ashab Uddin Ahmad was a Bangladeshi writer, educator and politician. He was a member of the East Bengal Legislative Assembly for the United Front, and a Communist activist. In 2005, he was posthumously awarded the Ekushey Padak, one of the highest civilian awards in Bangladesh, for his contributions to literature, which include 24 published books in Bengali and English.
The non-cooperation movement of 1971 was a historical movement in then East Pakistan by the Awami League and the general public against the military government of Pakistan in March of that year. After the announcement of the suspension of the session of the National Assembly of Pakistan on 1 March, the spontaneous movement of the people started, but officially on the call of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the non-cooperation movement started on 2 March and continued until 25 March. The movement lasted for a total of 25 days.
Tarakeswar Dastidar was an Indian independence activist. He participated in the Chittagong armoury raid, along with Surya Sen and others on 18 April 1930.
Muzaffar Ahmed was a Bangladeshi politician and professor. He was an advisor of the Provisional Government of Bangladesh during war time in 1971. He was the president of the Bangladesh National Awami Party (Pro-Moscow).
The NAP-Communist Party-Students Union Special Guerrilla Forces was an armed force active in the Bangladesh Liberation War. It was organized jointly by the National Awami Party (Muzaffar) (NAP), Communist Party of Bangladesh and the East Pakistan Students Union. Its commander was Mohammad Farhad, with Pankaj Bhattacharya serving as deputy commander. Per the account of Moni Singh, the NAP-Communist Party-Students Union Special Guerrilla Forces had some 5,000 fighters at its peak.
Mosharraf Hossain was a politician and lawyer from Jessore, Bangladesh. He was actively involved in the Bengali nationalist movement in East Pakistan and the Liberation War of Bangladesh in 1971.
Pankaj Bhattacharya is a left wing politician and veteran of the Bangladesh Liberation War. He was the president of the Oikya National Awami Party.
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 East Pakistan (Pakistan). Assembly (1957). Alphabetical List of Members. East Pakistan Government Press. p. 48.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Bhuiyan, Golam Kibria (2012). "Dastidar, Purnendu". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
- ↑ Communist Party of India. Congress (1972). Documents of the Ninth Congress of the Communist Party of India, Ghatenagar, Cochin, 3 to 10 October 1971. Communist Party of India; copy from People's Publishing House. p. 380.
- ↑ M.K. Singh (1 January 2009). Encyclopaedia of Indian War of Independence (1857–1947). Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 978-81-261-3745-9.
- ↑ Tirtha Mandal (1991). The women revolutionaries of Bengal, 1905–1939. Minerva Associates (Publications). pp. 39, 90.
- ↑ Syedur Rahman (27 April 2010). Historical Dictionary of Bangladesh. Scarecrow Press. p. 83. ISBN 978-0-8108-7453-4.
- ↑ Muhammad Ghulam Kabir (1980). Minority Politics in Bangladesh. Vikas. p. 77. ISBN 978-0-7069-0837-4.