R. Brooke Jackson | |
---|---|
Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Colorado | |
Assumed office September 30, 2021 | |
Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Colorado | |
In office September 1,2011 –September 30,2021 | |
Appointed by | Barack Obama |
Preceded by | Phillip S. Figa |
Succeeded by | Charlotte Sweeney |
Personal details | |
Born | Richard Brooke Jackson March 5,1947 Bozeman,Montana,U.S. |
Education | Dartmouth College (AB) Harvard University (JD) |
Richard Brooke Jackson (born March 5,1947) known professionally as R. Brooke Jackson,is a senior United States district judge serving on the United States District Court for the District of Colorado. Jackson formerly served as a Colorado state judge.
Born in Bozeman,Montana,Jackson earned an Artium Baccalaureus from Dartmouth College in 1969. He then earned a Juris Doctor in 1972 from Harvard Law School. [1]
Jackson spent 26 years with the law firm Holland &Hart,including as an associate from 1972 until 1978,and as a partner from 1978 until 1998. [2] Jackson was appointed to the state bench in 1998,and in 2003 was named Chief Judge for Colorado's First Judicial District,which covers Jefferson County,Colorado and Gilpin County,Colorado. [2] [1]
On September 29,2010,President Barack Obama nominated Jackson to a judicial seat on the United States District Court for the District of Colorado,to fill the vacancy created by the death of Judge Phillip S. Figa. [3] Jackson's nomination lapsed at the end of 2010. President Obama renominated him on January 5,2011. The United States Senate confirmed him by unanimous consent on August 2,2011. [4] He received his judicial commission on September 1,2011. [1] He assumed senior status on September 30,2021. [1]
On June 5,2020,Jackson issued a temporary restraining order against the City and County of Denver,Colorado,and the Denver Police Department in particular,forbidding assaults against peaceful protesters who participate in demonstrations against George Floyd's murder by the Minneapolis Police Department. The order included other police officers working with the City and County of Denver. Specifically,the order forbid using tear gas,pepper spray,pepper balls and rubber bullets against protesters unless a Captain is on scene,witnesses an act of violence,and gives an order to use them;and forbids the use of projectiles shot at protestors aimed at the head,back or pelvis. The rioters suffered injures such as broken bones (including facial bones),ruptured scrotums (due to aiming at the groin),and included attacks on "medics" trying to render aid to injured rioters. [5] [6] [7]
On November 22,2016,Jackson ruled in favor of Dana Zzyym,a Navy veteran who was born intersex and uses they/them pronouns,after Zzyym sued the U.S. State Department for a passport that would reflect a gender other than “male”or “female.” [8] Zzyym had applied for a U.S. passport to attend the International Intersex Forum in Mexico City but was denied because they did not select “male”or “female”on their application. Jackson ruled that the State Department cannot deny a passport to a person who declines to select either “male”or “female”as their gender in their passport application. [9]
Gender neutrality,also known as gender-neutralism or the gender neutrality movement,is the idea that policies,language,and other social institutions should avoid distinguishing roles according to people's sex or gender. This is in order to avoid discrimination arising from the impression that there are social roles for which one gender is more suited than another. The disparity in gender equality throughout history has had a significant impact on many aspects of society,including marketing,toys,education and parenting techniques. In order to increase gender neutrality in recent years,there has been a societal emphasis on utilizing inclusive language and advocating for equality.
Riot control measures are used by law enforcement,military,paramilitary or security forces to control,disperse,and arrest people who are involved in a riot,unlawful demonstration or unlawful protest.
Riot police are police who are organized,deployed,trained or equipped to confront crowds,protests or riots.
A sponge grenade is a riot control weapon,intended to be non-lethal,which is fired from a 40 mm grenade launcher to cause confusion,or otherwise temporarily disable its target. As a single blunt force object,it is best used when aimed at a particular individual.
The Denver Police Department (DPD) is the full service police department jointly for the City and County of Denver,Colorado,which provides police services to the entire county,including Denver International Airport,and may provide contractual security police service to special districts within the county. The police department is within the Denver Department of Public Safety,which also includes the Denver Sheriff Department and Denver Fire Department. The DPD was established in 1859.
In the United States,the rights of transgender people vary considerably by jurisdiction. In recent decades,there has been an expansion of federal,state,and local laws and rulings to protect transgender Americans;however,many rights remain unprotected,and some rights are being eroded. Since 2020,there has been a national movement by conservative and right-wing politicians and organizations against transgender rights. There has been a steady increase in the number of anti-transgender bills introduced each year,especially in Republican-led states.
James Kelleher Bredar is a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland. He previously served as a United States magistrate judge of the same court.
Discrimination against non-binary people,people who do not identify exclusively as male or female,may occur in social,legal,or medical contexts.
Robert C. White is a career police officer and the former chief of police of the Denver Police Department,Denver,Colorado. He was appointed in 2011 by Mayor Michael Hancock,he retired in 2018.
The Intersex Campaign for Equality (IC4E) is a non-governmental organization that advocates for the human rights of intersex people. It was formerly the US affiliate of Organisation Intersex International.
Mark A. Kearney is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.
Intersex people are born with sex characteristics,such as chromosomes,gonads,or genitals that,according to the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights,"do not fit typical binary notions of male or female bodies".
Multiple countries legally recognize non-binary or third gender classifications. These classifications are typically based on a person's gender identity. In some countries,such classifications may only be available to intersex people,born with sex characteristics that "do not fit the typical definitions for male or female bodies."
Intersex people in the United States have some of the same rights as other people,but with significant gaps,particularly in protection from non-consensual cosmetic medical interventions and violence,and protection from discrimination. Actions by intersex civil society organizations aim to eliminate harmful practices,promote social acceptance,and equality. In recent years,intersex activists have also secured some forms of legal recognition. Since April 11,2022 US Passports give the sex/gender options of male,female and X by self determination.
Dana Alix Zzyym is an intersex activist and veteran of the U.S. Navy. After the culmination of a six-year legal battle,they became the first U.S. citizen to receive an official U.S. passport with an "X" sex/gender marker.
Starting in May 2020,protests following the murder of George Floyd were held in the city of Portland,Oregon,concurrent with protests in other cities in the United States and around the world. By July 2020,many of the protests,which had been held every day since May 28,drew more than 1,000 participants. Protests continued into August,September,and October 2020,often drawing hundreds.
This is a list of George Floyd protests in Colorado,United States.
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