Rainforest Action Network

Last updated
Rainforest Action Network
AbbreviationRAN
Formation1985
Founder Mike Roselle,
Randy Hayes
Type NGO
PurposeEnvironmental protection
Headquarters San Francisco, California
Executive Director
Ginger Cassady
Website ran.org
Jungle burned to clear land for agriculture in southern Mexico. Lacanja burn.JPG
Jungle burned to clear land for agriculture in southern Mexico.

Rainforest Action Network (RAN) is an environmental organization based in San Francisco, California, United States. The organization was founded by Randy "Hurricane" Hayes and Mike Roselle in 1985, and first gained national prominence with a grassroots organizing campaign that in 1987 succeeded in convincing Burger King to cancel $31 million worth of destructive Central American rainforest beef contracts. [1] Protecting forests and challenging corporate power has remained a key focus of RAN’s campaigns since, and has led RAN into campaigns that have led to transformative policy changes across home building, wood purchasing and supplying, automobile, fashion, paper and banking industries.

Contents

History

Rainforest Action Network was founded in San Francisco, California in 1985 by Mike Roselle and Randy "Hurricane" Hayes. [2] [1] Early on, RAN worked with Herbert Chao Gunther, the founder of the Public Media Center in San Francisco, a marketing firm exclusively on social justice and environmental issues. [2] This partnership with Gunther included new branding and campaigns against large multinational corporations in the 1990s, using grassroots activism and savvy media work. [1] They gained national prominence with a grassroots organizing campaign that in 1987 succeeded in convincing Burger King to cancel $31 million worth of destructive Central American rainforest beef contracts. [1]

In 1989, RAN called for a boycott of products and services from Mitsubishi and companies owned by Mitsubishi—including Kirin beer and Nikon cameras—because at the time, Mitsubishi was involved in rainforest destruction through its forestry activities; in 1996, Mitsubishi Motors America and Mitsubishi Electric America facilitated negotiations between RAN activists and Mitsubishi executives which resulted in an end to this boycott in 1998. [3]

Along with Global Exchange and the Ruckus Society, RAN played a central role in organizing the 1999 mass actions against the WTO (World Trade Organization) summit in Seattle. Although the organization once had RAGS (Rainforest Action Groups) around the country, today its operations are centralized in San Francisco.

RAN's executive director, Rebecca Tarbotton, drowned on December 26, 2012, at age 39, while swimming in the Pacific Ocean. [4] Lindsey Allen was subsequently named executive director on August 21, 2013. [5] Allen departed RAN in 2019 and on February 10, 2020, the board elected Ginger Cassady as the new Executive Director. [6]

About

Organizational mission

Rainforest Action Network preserves forests, protects the climate and upholds human rights by challenging corporate power and systemic injustice through frontline partnerships and strategic campaigns.

Activities and structure

RAN drives change through grassroots organizing, media stunts, the use of non-violent civil disobedience, and inside-the-boardroom negotiations to confront and positively influence industry-leading corporations to publicly adopt environmental policies that address issues ranging from deforestation to climate change. Their corporate campaigning strategies have prompted a number of academic case studies reflecting on the relationship between activists and businesses. [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] RAN works in close alliance with an increasingly well coordinated movement of NGOs (non-governmental organizations).

The organization's board of directors includes André Carothers; Anna Hawken McKay; Allan Badiner, Anna Lappé of the Small Planet Institute; James Gollin, board president and a founding member of the Social Venture Network; and Jodie Evans, a founder of Code Pink Women for Peace. Honorary members of RAN's board include Ali MacGraw, Bob Weir, Bonnie Raitt, Chris Noth, John Densmore and Woody Harrelson.[ when? ]

Programs

Tropical Forests Program

RAN’s Tropical Forests Program focuses on stopping rainforest deforestation and degradation and the oppression of forest peoples in Indonesia. As a result of deforestation and the destruction of peatland for the agribusiness and pulp and paper industries, Indonesia is now the third largest emitter of greenhouse gas emissions in the world. [13] [14]

Rainforest Agribusiness: palm oil

Rainforest Action Network activists, near Chicago Board of Trade, protest against the expansion of palm oil and soy plantations into critical ecosystems. September 22nd, 2008. 2008-09-22 - Rainforest Action Network activists @ CBOT - ADM,Bunge,Cargill protest 015.jpg
Rainforest Action Network activists, near Chicago Board of Trade, protest against the expansion of palm oil and soy plantations into critical ecosystems. September 22nd, 2008.

RAN's Rainforest Agribusiness campaign, The Problem With Palm Oil, centers around the social and environmental impact of palm oil plantations in the rainforests of Indonesia and Malaysia. Palm oil plantations in these areas result in the clearcutting of tropical hardwoods, the killing of local wildlife, the displacement of local communities and a significant increase in greenhouse gas emissions. [15] The campaign’s main target has been Cargill, a privately owned agribusiness company and the largest supplier of palm oil to the United States. [16] While still applying pressure to Cargill, in 2010 RAN began campaigning for responsible use of palm oil by food production giant General Mills through direct action tactics, negotiation and membership engagement; eight months later General Mills issued a strong palm oil policy and committed to getting all of its palm oil from responsible sources by 2015. [17] [18] The campaign simultaneously collaborated with teenagers Madison Vorva and Rhiannon Tomtishen to help them in their campaign to make Girl Scout Cookies palm-oil free. [19] The two young women were awarded the prestigious Brower Youth Award for their work. [20]

Energy and Finance program

The Energy and Finance campaign targets financial institutions involved in the financing of destructive forestry and fossil fuels projects. Historically, the campaign has succeeded in obtaining strong environmental policies from banks such as Citi, [21] Bank of America, [22] JP Morgan Chase, [23] and others. Currently, the campaign focuses on discouraging banks' financing of coal projects, and especially mountaintop removal mining (MTR), principally within the United States. This form of surface mining uses millions of tons of explosives [24] to blow apart mountain peaks in order to access the coal seam below. According to Rainforest Action Network, eight of nine banks that previously funded MTR have now established policies and criteria to restrict their funding of this devastating form of coal mining. [25] Beginning in the Fall of 2011, the Energy and Finance Program has been campaigning to move Bank of America, whom they name as the leading US financier of the coal industry, to divest from their coal investments and invest in renewable energy sources. [26]

We Can Change Chevron: toxic waste oil

Launched in December 2009, the We Can Change Chevron campaign targets the California-based oil corporation for their subsidiary Texaco's dumping of 18 billion US gallons (68,000,000 m3) of waste oil into the Amazon Rainforest in Ecuador. [27] We Can Change Chevron aims to pressure Chevron into paying for the cleanup of the waste oil pits abandoned by their subsidiary, and to develop an environmental and human rights policy that will prevent future scenarios like this from occurring in the future. Chevron acquired Texaco in 2001, and asserts that Texaco completed its agreement to clean up its share of the waste generated by the joint venture between Texaco and Petroecuador, the state run oil company. The company claims it cleaned up one third of the waste, more than its share of the agreement with Petroecuador, and the rest of the responsibility lies with the state who has had sole ownership of the oil fields since 1992. [27] [28] The case resulted in a historic ruling against the oil giant, who was ordered to pay $18 billion in damages to the plaintiffs. After an appeal by Chevron, the judgement was upheld by an Ecuadorian court in January 2012. [29]

Controversies

In 2003, the RAN organization was subpoenaed by the U.S. House Committee on Ways and Means to hand over every document and piece of footage relating to all protests the organization participated in since 1993, in order to investigate whether they should be entitled to the tax-exempt status. [30] The organization’s then-Executive Director Michael Brune labeled this investigation "the latest attempt to intimidate RAN's supporters, and a part of a larger and more disturbing effort by corporate interests to stifle dissent and control free speech." [31]

The organization has come under fire from environmentalists opposed to the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) for its membership in that group, [32] though RAN maintains that their engagement is necessary to push for stronger protection of forests and the rights of forest communities by the FSC. [33]

See also

Related Research Articles

Texaco, Inc. is an American oil brand owned and operated by Chevron Corporation. Its flagship product is its fuel "Texaco with Techron". It also owned the Havoline motor oil brand. Texaco was an independent company until its refining operations merged into Chevron, at which time most of its station franchises were divested to Shell plc through its American division.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chevron Corporation</span> American multinational energy corporation

Chevron Corporation is an American multinational energy corporation predominantly specializing in oil and gas. The second-largest direct descendant of Standard Oil, and originally known as the Standard Oil Company of California, it is headquartered in San Ramon, California, and active in more than 180 countries. Within oil and gas, Chevron is vertically integrated and is involved in hydrocarbon exploration, production, refining, marketing and transport, chemicals manufacturing and sales, and power generation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mitsubishi Corporation</span> Japanese trading company

Mitsubishi Corporation is Japan's largest trading company and a member of the Mitsubishi keiretsu. As of 2022, Mitsubishi Corporation employs over 80,000 people and has ten business segments, including energy, industrial finance, banking, machinery, chemicals, and food.

Sinar Mas is one of the largest conglomerates in Indonesia. It was formed in 1938. It has numerous subsidiaries including Asia Pulp & Paper and palm oil producer PT SMART. The company also acquired Berau Coal Energy from Asia Resource Minerals PLC, a major mining group founded by Nathaniel Philip Rothschild, in a takeover initiated by Fuganto Widjaja.

Global Exchange was founded in 1988 and is an advocacy group, human rights organization, and a 501(c)(3) organization, based in San Francisco, California, United States. The group defines its mission as, "to promote human rights and social, economic, and environmental justice around the world." Global Exchange deals with a wide range of issues, ranging from the U.S. war in Iraq to worker abuse and fair trade issues.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cofán people</span> Indigenous people native to Ecuador and Colombia

The Cofan people are an indigenous people native to Sucumbíos Province northeast Ecuador and to southern Colombia, between the Guamués River and the Aguarico River. Their total population is now only about 1,500 to 2,100 people, down from approximately 15,000 in the mid-16th century, when the Spanish crushed their ancient civilization, of which there are still some archeological remains. They speak the Cofán language or A'ingae. The ancestral land, community health and social cohesion of Cofan communities in Ecuador has been severely damaged by several decades of oil drilling. However, reorganization, campaigning for land rights, and direct action against encroaching oil installations have provided a modicum of stability. Major settlements include Sinangué, Dovuno, Dureno and Zábalo, the latter of which has retained a much more extensive land base.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Petroecuador</span> National petroleum company of Ecuador

EP Petroecuador is the national oil company of Ecuador. Ecuador who is a member of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and, although it is the smallest member, the country produced 531,000 barrels of crude oil per day in 2019. The oil corporation is a significant part of the Ecuadorian economy. The petroleum industry has expanded to the production of refined commodities such as gasoline, liquefied petroleum, and jet fuel. The government of Ecuador is highly dependent on the revenues from the energy sector to support its budget and finance state projects.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rainforest Foundation Fund</span>

The Rainforest Foundation Fund is a charitable foundation founded in 1987 and dedicated to drawing attention to rainforests and defending the rights of indigenous peoples living there.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">World Rainforest Movement</span> Environmentalist group based in Uruguay

The World Rainforest Movement (WRM) is an international initiative created to strengthen the global movement in defense of forests, in order to fight deforestation and forest degradation. It was founded in 1986 by activists from around the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pablo Fajardo</span> Ecuadorian lawyer and activist

Pablo Fajardo Mendoza is an Ecuadorian lawyer and activist. He is the lawyer that has been leading the litigation against Chevron Corporation related to the environmental disaster he alleged was caused by the oil operations of Texaco in the Lago Agrio oil field between 1964 and 1990. In this process, Fajardo represented the over 30,000 local inhabitants affected by the spill of crude oil and toxic waste. Chevron, which instead blames Petroecuador and has not paid the judgement, has had repeated success in arguing against it. The judgement has been validated by further Ecuadorian courts and the Supreme Court of Canada but it has been declared fraudulently obtained by the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York and an arbitration court in The Hague.

The Lago Agrio oil field is an oil-rich area near the city of Nueva Loja in the province of Sucumbíos, Ecuador. It is located in the Western Oriente Basin. The site's hydrocarbon-bearing formations are the Cretaceous Napo and Hollin formations. Oil was discovered in the area in 1960s. The Lago Agrio field is known internationally for the serious ecological problems that oil development has created there, including water pollution, soil contamination, deforestation and cultural upheaval. Located in Cofan territory near the Colombian border, it is one of twelve production areas that developed when Ecuador began to export petroleum.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amazon Watch</span> US-based nonprofit organization

Amazon Watch is a nonprofit organization founded in 1996, and based in Oakland, California, it works to protect the rainforest and advance the rights of indigenous peoples in the Amazon Basin. It partners with indigenous and environmental organizations in Ecuador, Peru, Colombia and Brazil in campaigns for human rights, corporate accountability and the preservation of the Amazon's ecological systems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phil Radford</span> American environmentalist

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This article addresses various criticisms of Cargill Inc, a privately held "agribusiness" multinational giant" with operations in 70 countries and its headquarters in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in the United States. Cargill Inc, which has been owned by the Cargill family for 154 years, is the largest privately owned corporation in the United States, with an annual revenue of $113.5 billion in 2019.

<i>Crude</i> (2009 film) 2009 American film

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Aguinda v. Texaco, Inc. was a class-action lawsuit against Texaco Petroleum. It was filed in 1993 by American human rights lawyer Steven Donziger on behalf of indigenous collectives in the Ecuadorian Amazon. The lawsuit sought compensation for "alleged environmental and personal injuries arising out of Texaco's oil exploration and extraction operations in the Oriente region between 1964 and 1992." Legal proceedings followed in courts in Ecuador and the United States for about a decade. The case was dismissed on May 30, 2001, on grounds of forum non conveniens.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Criticism of Chevron</span> Overview of controversies involving Chevron Corporation

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Aronoff, Kate (2011-09-18). "U.S. activists stop Burger King from importing rainforest beef, 1984-1987". Swarthmore College. Archived from the original on 2013-06-25. Retrieved 2012-06-01.
  2. 1 2 Nosowitz, Dan (2019-09-16). "How the Save the Rainforest movement gave rise to modern environmentalism". Vox. Archived from the original on 2020-11-01. Retrieved 2020-11-13.
  3. ↑ Manheim, Jarol (2000). "Chapter 5". Death of A Thousand Cuts: Corporate Campaigns and the Attack on the Corporation. Routledge. pp. 93–98. ISBN   978-1-135-64857-2.
  4. ↑ Yardley, William (2 January 2013). "Rebecca Tarbotton, Environmental Activist, Dies at 39". New York Times. Archived from the original on 3 January 2013. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
  5. ↑ "Rainforest Action Network Names Top Campaigner as New Executive Director". Rainforest Action Network press release. 21 August 2013. Archived from the original on 8 September 2015. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
  6. ↑ "Announcing our new Executive Director". YouTube . Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
  7. ↑ Baron, David P.; Diermeier, Daniel (August 2005). "Strategic Activism and Nonmarket Strategy". Stanford GSB Research Paper No. 1909. SSRN   791006.
  8. ↑ El Eris, Mona (15 August 2000). "The Home Depot-Rainforest Action Network dispute: A lesson on issues and stakeholder management". Corporate Environmental Strategy. 7 (2): 185–193. doi:10.1016/S1066-7938(00)00046-4.
  9. ↑ Asmus, Peter; Cauley, Hank; Maroney, Katharine (Fall 2006). "Case Study: Turning Conflict into Cooperation" (PDF). Stanford Social Innovation Review. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-02. Retrieved 2012-12-04.
  10. ↑ Baron, David P.; Yurday, Erin (2004), "Strategic Activism: The Rainforest Action Network", Archived copy, Stanford Graduate School of Business, archived from the original on 2010-07-18, retrieved 2012-06-01{{citation}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  11. ↑ Baron, David P.; Barlow, David S.; Barlow, Ann M.; Yurday, Erin (Jun 1, 2004), "Anatomy of a Corporate Campaign: Rainforest Action Network and Citigroup (A)", Archived copy, Stanford Graduate School of Business, archived from the original on March 6, 2016, retrieved June 1, 2012{{citation}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  12. ↑ Baron, David P.; Barlow, David S.; Barlow, Ann M.; Yurday, Erin (Jun 1, 2004), "Anatomy of a Corporate Campaign: Rainforest Action Network and Citigroup (B)", Stanford Graduate School of Business{{citation}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)Baron, David P.; Barlow, David S.; Barlow, Ann M.; Yurday, Erin (Jun 1, 2004), "Anatomy of a Corporate Campaign: Rainforest Action Network and Citigroup (C)", Archived copy, Stanford Graduate School of Business, archived from the original on March 6, 2016, retrieved June 1, 2012{{citation}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  13. ↑ World Bank (2007), "Indonesia and Climate Change: Current Status and Policies" (PDF), Archived copy, archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-12-27, retrieved 2012-04-12{{citation}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  14. ↑ Higgins, Andrew (November 19, 2009). "A climate threat, rising from the soil". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 2019-10-24. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
  15. ↑ Richardson, Jill. "Worst Food Additive Ever? It's in Half of All Foods We Eat and Its Production Destroys Rainforests and Enslaves Children". Archived from the original on 2012-01-05. Retrieved 2010-10-25.
  16. ↑ Jan Willem van Gelder, Greasy Palms: European Buyers of Indonesian Palm Oil, Friends of the Earth, 2004.
  17. ↑ "Statement on responsible palm oil sourcing". General Mills. September 22, 2010. Archived from the original on 2013-01-22. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
  18. ↑ Koch, Wendy (2010-09-24). "General Mills boycotts palm oil that destroys rain forests". Archived from the original on 2010-11-26. Retrieved 2012-06-08.
  19. ↑ Walsh, Bryan (May 31, 2011). "Making Girl Scout Cookies Better for the Planet". Time. Archived from the original on June 2, 2011. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
  20. ↑ "2011 Award Winners". Brower Youth Awards. Archived from the original on 2012-05-24. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
  21. ↑ "Mountaintop Removal Mining Environmental Due Diligence Process". Citigroup.com. Archived from the original on 2012-07-20. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
  22. ↑ "Credit Policies". Bank of America. Archived from the original on 2012-07-05. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
  23. ↑ "Environmental Sustainability at JPMorgan Chase". JPMorgan Chase. Archived from the original on 2013-01-16. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
  24. ↑ Cooper, Dave (2009-09-09). "Boulder from Mountaintop Coal Mine Smashes Into Kentucky Home". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on 2009-09-17. Retrieved 2009-09-09.
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  26. ↑ "BofA must come clean on coal". Charlotte Business Journal. February 24, 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-04-14. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
  27. 1 2 Llana, Sara Miller (2009-05-29). "Chevron fights massive lawsuit in Ecuador". Christian Science Monitor. Archived from the original on 2009-12-26. Retrieved 2009-05-29.
  28. ↑ "History of Texaco and Chevron in Ecuador". Archived from the original on 2010-11-24. Retrieved 2010-12-13.
  29. ↑ Gomez, Victor (January 3, 2012). "Ecuador court upholds $18 billion ruling against Chevron". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2016-03-10. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
  30. ↑ Doyle, Jim (2004-12-17). "Eco-warriors / Co-founder of Rainforest Action Network and activist spouse take fight for environment one step at a time". SFGATE. Archived from the original on 2020-11-17. Retrieved 2020-11-13.
  31. ↑ "Action Alert". Rainforest Action Network. Winter 2004. Retrieved 2012-12-30.[ permanent dead link ]
  32. ↑ Barry, Glen. "Old-Growth Carbon Findings Cause Forest Protection Schism". Archived from the original on 2008-09-14. Retrieved 2008-09-13.
  33. ↑ Rainforest Action Network. "Rainforest Action Network Statement on the FSC". Archived from the original on 2013-04-01. Retrieved 2012-04-05.
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