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The Planned Parenthood Federation of America,Inc. (PPFA),or simply Planned Parenthood,is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that provides reproductive and sexual healthcare,and sexual education in the United States and globally. It is a member of the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF).
Roy Asberry Cooper III is an American attorney and politician serving since 2017 as the 75th governor of North Carolina. A member of the Democratic Party,he served as the 49th attorney general of North Carolina from 2001 to 2017 and in the North Carolina General Assembly in both the House of Representatives and Senate from 1987 to 2001.
Patrick Lloyd McCrory is an American politician,businessman,and radio host who served as the 74th governor of North Carolina from 2013 to 2017. A member of the Republican Party,he previously served as the 53rd mayor of Charlotte from 1995 to 2009.
Anti-abortion violence is violence committed against individuals and organizations that perform abortions or provide abortion counseling. Incidents of violence have included destruction of property,including vandalism;crimes against people,including kidnapping,stalking,assault,attempted murder,and murder;and crimes affecting both people and property,as well as arson and terrorism,such as bombings.
This is a timeline of reproductive rights legislation,a chronological list of laws and legal decisions affecting human reproductive rights. Reproductive rights are a sub-set of human rights pertaining to issues of reproduction and reproductive health. These rights may include some or all of the following:the right to legal or safe abortion,the right to birth control,the right to access quality reproductive healthcare,and the right to education and access in order to make reproductive choices free from coercion,discrimination,and violence. Reproductive rights may also include the right to receive education about contraception and sexually transmitted infections,and freedom from coerced sterilization,abortion,and contraception,and protection from practices such as female genital mutilation (FGM).
The legality of abortion in the United States and the various restrictions imposed on the procedure vary significantly depending on the laws of each state or other jurisdiction. Some states prohibit abortion at all stages of pregnancy with few exceptions,others permit it up to a certain point in a woman's pregnancy,while others allow abortion throughout a woman's pregnancy. In states where abortion is legal,several classes of restrictions on the procedure may exist,such as parental consent or notification laws,requirements that patients be shown an ultrasound before obtaining an abortion,mandatory waiting periods,and counseling requirements.
Michael Lynn Parson is an American politician serving as the 57th governor of Missouri since 2018. A member of the Republican Party,Parson assumed the governorship when Eric Greitens resigned,as he was lieutenant governor at the time. Parson served the remainder of Greitens's term and was elected governor in his own right in 2020.
Moral Mondays are protests that originated in North Carolina,United States and emerged elsewhere in the United States. Led by religious progressives,the leaders of the protesters sought to restore "morality" in the public sphere. Protests began in response to several actions by the government of North Carolina which was elected into office in 2013 and are characterized by civil disobedience—specifically entering the state legislature building to be peacefully arrested. The movement protests many wide-ranging issues under the blanket claim of unfair treatment,discrimination,and adverse effects of government legislation on the citizens of North Carolina. The protests in North Carolina launched a grassroots social justice movement that,in 2014,spread to Georgia and South Carolina,and then to other U.S. states such as Illinois and New Mexico.
In 2015,an anti-abortion organization named the Center for Medical Progress (CMP) released several videos that had been secretly recorded. Members of the CMP posed as representatives of a biotechnology company in order to gain access to both meetings with abortion providers and abortion facilities. The videos showed how abortion providers made fetal tissue available to researchers,although no problems were found with the legality of the process. All of the videos were found to be altered,according to analysis by Fusion GPS and its co-founder Glenn R. Simpson,a former investigative reporter for The Wall Street Journal. The CMP disputed this finding,attributing the alterations to the editing out of "bathroom breaks and waiting periods". CMP had represented a longer version of the tapes as being "complete",as well as a shorter,edited version. The analysis by Fusion GPS concluded that the longer version was also edited,with skips and missing footage. Nonetheless,the videos attracted widespread media coverage;after the release of the first video,conservative lawmakers in Congress singled out Planned Parenthood and began to push bills that would strip the organization of federal family planning funding. No such attempts by Congress to cut federal family planning money from Planned Parenthood have become law. Conservative politicians in several states have also used this as an opportunity to cut or attempt to cut family planning funding at the state level.
On November 27,2015,a mass shooting occurred in a Planned Parenthood clinic in Colorado Springs,Colorado,resulting in the deaths of three people and injuries to nine. A police officer and two civilians were killed;five police officers and four civilians were injured. After a standoff that lasted five hours,police SWAT teams crashed armored vehicles into the lobby and the attacker surrendered.
Abortion in Texas is illegal in most cases. There are exceptions to save the mother's life,or prevent "substantial impairment of major bodily function",but the law on abortion in Texas is written in such an ambiguous way that it is unclear to physicians what health harms to the mother constitute an exception. This has prompted expecting mothers with health complications to leave the state or forced them to give birth while jeopardizing their health. The legal status of abortion in Texas is due to a trigger law passed in July 2021 that came in effect on August 25,2022,as a consequence of the U.S. Supreme Court's 2022 decision Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization overturning Roe v. Wade. The law makes no exception for pregnancies resulting from rape or incest.
As of 2022,abortion in Missouri is illegal,with abortions only being legal in cases of medical emergency and several additional laws making access to abortion services difficult. In 2014,a poll by the Pew Research Center found that 52% of Missouri adults said that abortion should be legal vs. 46% that believe it should be illegal in all or most cases. According to a 2014 Public Religion Research Institute (PRRI) study,51% of white women in the state believed that abortion is legal in all or most cases.
Abortion in Illinois is legal. Laws about abortion dated to the early 1800s in Illinois;the first criminal penalties related to abortion were imposed in 1827,and abortion itself became illegal in 1867. As hospitals set up barriers in the 1950s,the number of therapeutic abortions declined. Following Roe v. Wade in 1973,Illinois passed a number of restrictions on abortion,many of which have subsequently been repealed. Illinois updated its existing abortion laws in June 2019. The state has seen a decline in the number of abortion clinics over the years,going from 58 in 1982 to 47 in 1992 to 24 in 2014.
Abortion is illegal in Kentucky. There were laws in Kentucky about abortion by 1900,including ones with therapeutic exceptions. In 1998,the state passed legislation that required clinics to have an abortion clinic license if they wanted to operate. By the early 2010s,members of the Kentucky Legislature attempted to ban abortion in almost all cases and had also introduced the early abortion bans. Prior to 2019,Kentucky law prohibited abortions after week 22. This changed when the state legislature passed a law that moved the prohibition to week 6 in the early part of the year. A bill passed and made effective in April 2022 lowered the threshold to 15 weeks,the second most restrictive limit in effect in the United States behind Texas,and introduced regulations that made abortion illegal until it was blocked in federal court.
Abortion in New Jersey is legal at all stages of pregnancy. Abortion related laws were drafted by the legislature by the end of the 1900s. These laws would be addressed in court during the 1800s as they related to application in prosecutions of women for having abortions. During the 1940s,hospitals created committees to approve abortion requests with the goal of trying to reduce the number of abortions performed at them. Currently,there are no required waiting times and parental consent is not required.
As of July 1,2023,abortion in North Carolina is currently legal during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. In the case of rape or incest,abortion is legal through the 20th week of pregnancy. In the case of a "life-limiting" fetal abnormality,abortion is legal through the 24th week of pregnancy. If the woman's life is determined by a qualified physician to be at risk,abortion is legal at any stage of pregnancy.
Abortion in North Dakota is illegal. The state's sole abortion clinic relocated to Minnesota.
Abortion in South Dakota is illegal. Anyone who induces an abortion is guilty of a Class 6 felony. An exception is included to "preserve the life of the pregnant female," given appropriate and reasonable medical judgment.
Abortion in New Hampshire is legal up to the 24th week of pregnancy as of January 1,2022,when a new law went into effect. Prior to this,the gestational limit was unclear. Abortion was criminalized in the state by 1900. In June 2003,the state passed a parental notification law,repealing it four years later before passing a new one in 2011. New Hampshire then passed a law in 2012 which required minors to wait 48 hours after requesting an abortion but no longer required parental consent. New Hampshire law regarding abortion has been heard before the US Supreme Court in the case Ayotte v. Planned Parenthood of Northern New England in 2006. The number of abortion clinics in New Hampshire has declined over the years,with 18 in 1982,16 in 1992 and four in 2014. In 2010,there were three publicly funded abortions in the state;all three were federally funded. There are both active abortion rights and anti-abortion rights activists in the state.
Abortion in Florida is generally illegal after six weeks from the woman's last menstrual period,when many women do not yet know they are pregnant. This law came into effect in May 2024,being approved by Republican Governor Ron DeSantis following its passage in the Florida House of Representatives and the Florida Senate,with only Republican state legislators supporting and only Democratic state legislators opposing. Additionally,pregnant women are generally required to make two visits to a medical facility 24 hours apart to be able to obtain an abortion,in a law approved by Republican Governor Rick Scott in 2015.
References
- 1 2 3 4 Former NC health director embroiled in coal ash controversy reportedly hired in Missouri, News & Observer , Lynn Bonner, February 9, 2017. Retrieved June 8, 2019.
- ↑ Letter: Awareness, preparations will aid Zika virus situation, Times-News , February 27, 2016. Retrieved June 8, 2019.
- ↑ Council Member to take reins, News & Observer , October 12, 2011. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
- ↑ Campbell, Colin (2016-12-06). "Gov. Pat McCrory concedes defeat to Roy Cooper as Durham recount wraps up". The News & Observer . Retrieved 2019-06-09.
- ↑ McCrory gives parting gifts to advisers, WRAL.com , Matthew Burns, December 30, 2016. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
- ↑ Controversy, complaints about secrecy have followed Missouri's top health official, Kurt Erickson and Jack Suntrup, June 27, 2019. Retrieved June 30, 2019.
- ↑ Explaining the Missouri pre-abortion exam Rachel Maddow called ‘state-sanctioned sexual assault’, Washington Post , Reis Thebault, June 8, 2019. Retrieved June 8, 2019.
- ↑ Missouri Officials Rule State’s Only Abortion Clinic Can Stay Open, Courthouse News , Joe Harris, June 28, 2019. Retrieved June 30, 2019.
- ↑ Judge Blocks Closure of Only Abortion Clinic in Missouri, Courthouse News , Joe Harris, June 10, 2019. Retrieved July 8, 2019.
- ↑ Missouri reviewed data about Planned Parenthood’s patients, including their periods, to identify failed abortions, Washington Post , Yasmeen Abutaleb and Emily Wax-Thibodeaux, October 30, 2019. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
- ↑ Spreadsheet tracking Planned Parenthood patients’ periods ignites firestorm, Kansas City Star , Lisa Gutierrez and Crystal Thomas, October 30, 2019. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
- ↑ Parson administration under fire over cuts to trauma care program, St. Louis Post-Dispatch , Kurt Erickson, July 17, 2018. Retrieved June 30, 2019.
- ↑ Missouri cuts funding for program that sped up care for stroke and heart attack victims, St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Samantha Liss, July 16, 2018. Retrieved June 30, 2019.
- 1 2 Randall Williams out after four contentious years as Missouri health director, The Pitch , Sophia Misle, April 21, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2021.
- ↑ Men's Soccer Opens Under the Lights on Saturday, North Carolina State University Athletics, August 28, 2008. Retrieved June 8, 2019.
- ↑ William Leaford Williams, Jr., News & Record , December 17, 1995. Retrieved June 8, 2019.
- ↑ Boston Athletic Association. Retrieved June 10, 2019.