Renault Galion

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Renault Galion
Maison retraite Mont Bouquet abc8.jpg
Overview
TypeLight/medium truck/van
Manufacturer
Also called
  • Renault 2,500 kg
  • Renault 2T5
  • Saviem Galion
Production1947–1965
Assembly
Body and chassis
Layout Front-engine, rear-wheel drive
Related Renault 1,400 kg
Powertrain
Transmission 4-speed manual
Dimensions
Length5.20 m (17.1 ft)–6.5 m (21.3 ft)
Width1.95 m (6.4 ft)–2.3 m (7.5 ft)
Height2.43 m (8.0 ft)–2.7 m (8.9 ft)
Chronology
Predecessor Renault AHx
Successor Saviem Super Galion

The Renault 2,500 kg (or 2T5) and the Renault Galion were truck/vans with a 2.5-tonne carrying capacity manufactured by Renault between 1947 and 1957 and then by its subsidiary Saviem between 1957 and 1965.

Truck type of large automobile

A truck or lorry is a motor vehicle designed to transport cargo. Trucks vary greatly in size, power, and configuration; smaller varieties may be mechanically similar to some automobiles. Commercial trucks can be very large and powerful and may be configured to be mounted with specialized equipment, such as in the case of refuse trucks, fire trucks, concrete mixers, and suction excavators. Strictly speaking, a commercial vehicle without a tractor or other articulation is a "straight truck" while one designed specifically to pull a trailer is not a truck but a "tractor".

Van covered transportation vehicle

A van is a type of road vehicle used for transporting goods or people. Depending on the type of van it can be bigger or smaller than a truck and SUV, and bigger than a common car. There is some varying in the scope of the word across the different English-speaking countries. The smallest vans, microvans, are used for transporting either goods or people in tiny quantities. Mini MPVs, Compact MPVs, and MPVs are all small vans usually used for transporting people in small quantities. Larger vans with passenger seats are used for institutional purposes, such as transporting students. Larger vans with only front seats are often used for business purposes, to carry goods and equipment. Specially-equipped vans are used by television stations as mobile studios. Postal services and courier companies use large step vans to deliver packages.

Renault automotive brand manufacturer and conglomerate

Groupe Renault is a French multinational automobile manufacturer established in 1899. The company produces a range of cars and vans, and in the past has manufactured trucks, tractors, tanks, buses/coaches and autorail vehicles.

Contents

History

Renault Galion bus version Paris 2006 - Renault Galion.JPG
Renault Galion bus version

In 1947, Renault launched the Renault 2,500 kg light truck to replace the AHx series. The new vehicle was produced at Renault's main plant in Boulougne-Billancourt. [1] In 1957, the company moved the production of some of its small commercial vehicle range to Saviem's Blainville-sur-Orne plant, which was built on the former site of the Cahen shipyards. They were the Goélette (loading capacity of up to 1.4 tonnes) and the Renault 2 T 5, renamed Galion (keeping loading capacity of up to 2.5 tonnes). [2] The new models continued been marketed as Renault. The Galion and Goélette names were officially introduced in 1959, prior to that they were still sold with the previous 1T4 and 2T5 denominations.

Renault AHx

The Renault AHx was a range of light/medium trucks with carrying capacities from 2 to 5 tonnes manufactured by Renault between 1941 and 1947. Various versions were used in World War II by the German forces.

The Société Anonyme de Véhicules Industriels et d'Equipements Mécaniques, commonly known by the acronym Saviem, was a French manufacturer of trucks and buses/coaches part of the Renault group, headquartered in Suresnes. The company was established in 1955 by merging Renault heavy vehicle operations with Somua and Latil and disappeared in 1978 when was merged with former rival Berliet to form Renault Véhicules Industriels.

Renault 1 000 kg

The Renault 1 000 Kg is light van, initially of a one ton capacity, introduced by the manufacturer in 1947. A 1,400 Kg version followed in 1949, and the Renault 1,400 Kg soon became the more popular choice. A name change in 1956 saw the vans branded as the Renault Voltigeur and the Renault Goélette, but in retrospect the Renault 1,000 Kg name is frequently preferred.

In 1965, following various revisions to the Galion design, Saviem introduced the more modern and powerful Saviem Super Galion range, and the Galion was discontinued. [3]

Saviem Super Galion

The Saviem Super Galion is a truck under 6 tonnes gross vehicle weight (GVW) produced by the French manufacturer Saviem between 1965 and 1982. It was also marketed as the Renault Super Galion.

Technical details

By 1961, Saviem was producing between 50 and 60 Galions per day. At the time they were offered with at least two inline-four engines: the 3-litre diesel 4 192 supplied by Perkins, with a maximum power output of 52  bhp (39  kW ) at 2,400 rpm and a 2-litre petrol Renault unit with a maximum power output of 56  bhp (42  kW ) at 3,300 rpm. The truck had a rear-wheel drive transmission through a universal joint, coupled to a 4-speed manual gearbox. [4] The Galion mounted various petrol engines. Some versions used the 668-8 with a maximum power output of 53  PS (39  kW ; 52  bhp ) at 3,300 rpm and a torque of 12.8  kg⋅m (126  N⋅m ; 93  lb⋅ft ) at 2,000. Other Galion versions used the 2.1-litre 671-2 Étendard. The 671-2 had a power output of 56  PS (41  kW ; 55  bhp ) at 3,300 rpm and a torque of 14.3 kg⋅m (140 N⋅m; 103 lb⋅ft) at 2,000 rpm. [5] At the 1962 Paris Motor Show, Renault announced a new diesel engine for the Galion, replacing the Perkins unit. The new engine, called 580, was a 2.72-litre four-cylinder unit and had a power output of 58 bhp (43 kW) at 2,900 rpm and a torque of 115 lb⋅ft (156 N⋅m; 15.9 kg⋅m). [6]

Inline-four engine Inline piston engine with four cylinders

The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is a type of inline internal combustion four-cylinder engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft. Where it is inclined, it is sometimes called a slant-four. In a specification chart or when an abbreviation is used, an inline-four engine is listed either as I4 or L4.

Diesel engine Internal combustion engine with quality rotational frequency governing, internal mixture formation, lean air-fuel-ratio, diffusion flame and compression ignition

The Diesel engine, named after Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of the fuel, which is injected into the combustion chamber, is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to the mechanical compression. Diesel engines work by compressing only the air. This increases the air temperature inside the cylinder to such a high degree that atomised Diesel fuel injected into the combustion chamber ignites spontaneously. With the fuel being injected into the air just before combustion, the dispersion of the fuel is uneven; this is called a heterogenous air-fuel mixture. The process of mixing air and fuel happens almost entirely during combustion, the oxygen diffuses into the flame, which means that the Diesel engine operates with a diffusion flame. The torque a Diesel engine produces is controlled by manipulating the air ratio; this means, that instead of throttling the intake air, the Diesel engine relies on altering the amount of fuel that is injected, and the air ratio is usually high.

Perkins Engines Diesel engine manufacturer

Perkins Engines, a subsidiary of Caterpillar Inc, is primarily a diesel engine manufacturer for several markets including agricultural, construction, material handling, power generation and industrial. It was established in Peterborough, England, in 1932. Over the years Perkins has expanded its engine ranges and produces thousands of different engine specifications including diesel and petrol engines.

The truck had a single-disc manually-operated clutch. [7] The suspension was made of leaf springs on both axles, with hydraulic dampers. The steering was a recirculating ball type. [7]

Shock absorber mechanical or hydraulic device designed to absorb, smooth out or damp any sudden shock impulse and dissipate kinetic energy (typically heat); usually consists of a combination of a spring and a dashpot; most shock absorbers are a form of dashpot

A shock absorber or damper is a mechanical or hydraulic device designed to absorb and damp shock impulses. It does this by converting the kinetic energy of the shock into another form of energy which is then dissipated. Most shock absorbers are a form of dashpot.

Recirculating ball vehicle steering mechanism

Recirculating ball, also known as recirculating ball and nut or worm and sector, is a steering mechanism commonly found in older automobiles, off-road vehicles, and some trucks. Most newer cars use the more economical rack and pinion steering instead, but some upmarket manufacturers held on to the design until well into the 1990s for the durability and strength inherent in the design. A few, including Chrysler, General Motors and Lada, still use this technology in certain models including the Jeep Wrangler and the Lada Niva.

Variants and dimensions

By 1958, the bus version of the Galion had a length of 6.5 m (21.3 ft), a width of 2.3 m (7.5 ft) [8] and a height of 2.7 m (8.9 ft). The R2167 rigid truck version dimensions were 5.24 m (17.2 ft), 2.2 m (7.2 ft) and 2.43 m (8.0 ft). For the R2167 flatbed they were 5.20 m (17.1 ft), 1.95 m (6.4 ft) and 2.43 m (8.0 ft). For the R2168 with extended flatbed, they were 6 m (19.7 ft), 1.98 m (6.5 ft) and 2.44 m (8.0 ft). [7]

Flatbed truck type of truck which can be either articulated or rigid

A flatbed truck is a type of truck which can be either articulated or rigid. As the name suggests, its bodywork is just an entirely flat, level 'bed' with no sides or roof. This allows for quick and easy loading of goods, and consequently they are used to transport heavy loads that are not delicate or vulnerable to rain, and also for abnormal loads that require more space than is available on a closed body.

Codenames

The petrol versions of both the previous Renault 2T5 and the Renault Galion were codenamed R2160, R2161, R2162, R2163, R2164, R2165, R2166, R2167, R2168 and R2169; the diesel R4166, R4168, R4240, R4242, R4243, R4244, R4245, R4246 and R4247.

Related Research Articles

Mitsubishi 4G9 engine

The Mitsubishi 4G9 engine is a series of straight-4 automobile engines produced by Mitsubishi Motors. All are 16-valve, and use both single- and double- overhead camshaft heads. Some feature MIVEC variable valve timing, and it was the first modern gasoline direct injection engine upon its introduction in August 1996.

Prince G engine

The Prince G-series engine was the company's only straight-four and straight-six engines which began production in 1955. A number of variations were made, with both OHV and OHC heads. A diesel four-cylinder with 1.9 L (1,862 cc) was also built, called the D-6. The G series was used in the Skyline, the Laurel, and the Gloria from the 1950s to the early 1970s.

Volkswagen Taro

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Toyota NR engine

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The Saviem JL was a range of heavy/medium trucks manufactured by the French manufacturer Saviem, a subsidiary of Renault.

Saviem J

The Saviem J was a range of medium-duty trucks manufactured by the French manufacturers Saviem and Renault Véhicules Industriels between 1975 and 1980.

The SM Europe was a range of medium/heavy trucks manufactured by the French company Saviem.

Saviem H

The Saviem H was a range of medium/heavy trucks manufactured by the French manufacturers Saviem and Renault Véhicules Industriels between 1977 and 1980.

The Saviem SM8 was a range of medium-duty trucks manufactured by the French manufacturer Saviem between 1967 and 1975. The truck was part of the Saviem SM range.

Renault Super Goélette

Renault Super Goélette were vans from the small commercial vehicle range manufactured by Saviem and marketed by Renault from 1965 to 1970, then from 1971 to 1980 by Saviem and finally by Renault Véhicules Industriels (RVI) between 1980 and 1982.

Saviem SM

The Saviem SM was a range of medium trucks produced by the French manufacturer Saviem between 1967 and 1975.

Renault ACx and ADx

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References

  1. ↑ "Renault AHS 3" (in French). Camion Club de France. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  2. ↑ Greve, Jean François (2007). "Stratégies d'enterprise et action publique". In Moguen-Toursel, Marine. Firm strategies and public policy in integrated Europe (1950–1980): confrontation and learning of economic actors. Peter Lang. pp. 197–231. ISBN   978-90-5201-045-8.
  3. ↑ Widling, Tony (14 August 1970). "Saviem SG4 5.89-ton-gross-4-wheeler". Commercial Motor. London: IPC Transport Press. 132 (3382): 37–40. ISSN   0010-3063.
  4. ↑ Moon, Jhon F. (5 May 1961). "Selling power to France". Commercial Motor. London: Temple Press: 117–119. ISSN   0010-3063.
  5. ↑ "Renault 2 T 5". Revue technique automobile (in French). Boulogne-sur-Seine: Éditions techniques pour l'automobile et l'industrie (151): 19–54. January 1958. ISSN   0153-906X.
  6. ↑ Moon, Jhon F. (12 October 1962). "International flavour at Paris Salon". Commercial Motor. London: Temple Press. 116 (2982): 63. ISSN   0010-3063.
  7. 1 2 3 Renault Galion dimensions (in French), Boulogne-sur-Seine: Renault, 1958
  8. ↑ "Le Bus Bleu" (PDF). Le Bus Bleu. Retrieved 4 July 2016.
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