Rhinella arenarum is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae that is found in southern Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina and Bolivia. Rhinella arenarum inhabits small ponds or bogs with stagnant water, in dry, temperate habitats, mostly in open areas. It is locally common. While it is collected for educational and scientific uses and also suffers from road kills, it in general is not threatened. Fossils representing this species are known with certainty from the late Pliocene to the Holocene of central Argentina.
Rhinella arunco is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae that is endemic to Chile. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, rivers, intermittent rivers, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, water storage areas, ponds, aquaculture ponds, open excavations, and irrigated land. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Rhinella humboldti is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is found in Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad, and the Guianas. This species was originally considered to be a subspecies of Rhinella granulosa.
Rhinella bergi is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae that is found in Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay. Its natural habitats are dry savanna, moist savanna, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, arable land, pastureland, and ponds. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Rhinella crucifer is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It endemic to Brazil and known from the Atlantic Forest of eastern Brazil between the states of Ceará in the north and Rio de Janeiro in the south. Common name striped toad has been coined for it. "Rhinella pombali" is a hybrid between Rhinella ornata and this species.
Rhinella dorbignyi is a South American species of toad in the family Bufonidae. The specific name, dorbignyi, is in honor of French naturalist Alcide d'Orbigny. Its common name is d'Orbigny's toad or Dorbigny's toad [sic].
Rhinella fernandezae is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae that is found in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, intermittent freshwater marshes, coastal freshwater lagoons, arable land, pastureland, plantations, and seasonally flooded agricultural land.
Rhinella fissipes, the Carabaya toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae that is found in Bolivia and Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rivers, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marshes.
Rhinella gallardoi is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae that is endemic to Argentina. Its natural habitat is temperate forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Rhinella gnustae is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae that is endemic to Argentina. Its natural habitat is rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Rhinella icterica is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae that is found in northeastern Argentina, southern Brazil, and eastern Paraguay. "Cururu" is its indigenous name and refers to the male advertisement call that is a melodious tremolo. "Cururu toad", without the specifier "yellow", is a common name used for a few other closely related species.
Rhinella justinianoi is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae that is endemic to Bolivia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The South American common toad is a species complex of toads in the family Bufonidae. They are found throughout the Amazonian South America and eastern Panama. It was originally believed to be a single species, but is now known to represent a complex of more than one.
Rhinella ornata is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae that is found in Brazil and possibly Argentina. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, rivers, and intermittent freshwater lakes. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Rhinella pombali is a hybrid species of toad from south-eastern Brazil, named after José Perez Pombal Jr., a Brazilian herpetologist. It was originally described in 2004 as a distinct species, but a genetic study published in 2012 found it to be a hybrid of Rhinella ornata and Rhinella crucifer; it is also morphologically intermediate between these species. It is therefore no longer considered a valid species, although it is still present in some listings.
Rhinella pygmaea is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, rural gardens, urban areas, and ponds. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Rhinella quechua is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Bolivia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rivers, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marshes. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Rhinella rubescens is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are moist savanna, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland, rivers, freshwater marshes, pastureland, rural gardens, urban areas, and ponds. It is threatened by habitat loss. Its color is a golden orange.
Rhinella rumbolli is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae that is found in Argentina and possibly Bolivia. Its natural habitats are temperate forests and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Melanophryniscus sanmartini is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is found in Uruguay and southernmost Brazil. Its natural habitats are grasslands and rocky outcrops. Reproduction takes place in small streams. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by exotic tree plantations.
