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Dactylorhiza is a genus of flowering plants in the orchid family Orchidaceae. Its species are commonly called marsh orchids or spotted orchids. Dactylorhiza were previously classified under Orchis, which has two round tubers.
The Boletaceae are a family of mushroom-forming fungi, primarily characterised by small pores on the spore-bearing hymenial surface, instead of gills as are found in most agarics. Nearly as widely distributed as the agarics, the family is renowned for hosting some prime edible species highly sought after by mushroom hunters worldwide, such as the cep or king bolete . A number of rare or threatened species are also present in the family, that have become the focus of increasing conservation concerns. As a whole, the typical members of the family are commonly known as boletes.
Prunus arborea is a species of plant in the family Rosaceae. It is found in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand.
Dactylorhiza incarnata, the early marsh-orchid, is a perennial, temperate-climate species of orchid generally found growing in wet meadows, and generally on base-rich soils, up to about 2100m asl. The species occurs widely in Europe and Asia from Portugal and Ireland east to Siberia and Xinjiang.
Muscodor is a genus of fungi in the family Xylariaceae noted for their ability to produce a variety of volatile organic compounds, which inhibit growth of other fungi. The first species to be identified was M. albus. Other known species include M. roseus and M. vitigenus.
Phlebopus is a genus of fungi in the family Boletinellaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution in subtropical and pantropical regions, and contains 12 species. The species are saprobic, with some possibly able to form mycorrhizae with exotic trees in certain conditions. It contains the gigantic Phlebopus marginatus, the cap of which can reach 1 m (3.3 ft) in diameter.
Amanita rubrovolvata, commonly known as the red volva amanita, is a species of fungus in the family Amanitaceae. The fungus produces small to medium-sized mushrooms, with reddish-orange caps up to 6.5 millimetres wide. The stems are up to 10 cm (4 in) tall, cream-coloured above the ring and cream to yellowish below it. The stem ends in a roughly spherical bulb at the base, which is covered with bright orange patches.
Spongiforma is a genus of sponge-like fungi in the family Boletaceae. Newly described in 2009, the genus contains two species: S. thailandica and S. squarepantsii. The type species S. thailandica is known only from Khao Yai National Park in central Thailand, where it grows in soil in old-growth forests dominated by dipterocarp trees. The rubbery fruit bodies, which has a strong odour of coal-tar similar to Tricholoma sulphureum, consists of numerous internal cavities lined with spore-producing tissue. S. squarepantsii, described as new to science in 2011, is found in Malaysia. It produces sponge-like, rubbery orange fruit bodies with a fruity or musky odour. These fruit bodies will—like a sponge—resume their original shape if water is squeezed out. The origin of the specific name derives from its perceived resemblance to the cartoon character SpongeBob SquarePants. Apart from differences in distribution, S. squarepantsii differs from S. thailandica in its colour, odour, and spore structure.
Rhodactina is a genus of secotioid fungi in the family Boletaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1989 based on the type species Rhodactina himalayensis, found in India and northern Thailand. The genus was originally classified in the family Gauteriaceae because of similarities in spore ornamentation to the genera Gautieria and Austrogautieria. A second species, Rhodactina incarnata, was added to the genus in 2006. It is found in Dipterocarpaceae-dominated forests in Chiang Mai. Molecular phylogenetics analysis shows that Rhodactina is aligned with the Boletaceae.
Doi Suthep–Pui National Park is a national park in Chiang Mai Province in Thailand. It includes Wat Phra That Doi Suthep, a Buddhist temple, and Bhubing Palace, the winter residence of the Thai royal family. The park is a protected area for flora, fauna, and habitat.
The Magnaporthales are an order of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes and subclass Diaporthomycetidae. It has several water based species and genera.
Rhodactina himalayensis is a species of secotioid fungus in the family Boletaceae, and the type species of genus Rhodactina. Originally described from Uttar Pradesh in 1989, it is also found in Dipterocarpaceae-dominated forests in Chang Mai, northern Thailand. It grows in association with roots of Shorea robusta.
Russula densifolia, commonly known as the crowded russula or the reddening russula, is a species of agaric fungus in the family Russulaceae. It was first described in 1833 and given its current name in 1876. A widespread species, it is found in Asia, Europe, and North America, where it fruits on the ground in mixed and deciduous forests. Fruit bodies (mushrooms) are robust and squat, with caps up to 14.5 cm (5.7 in) in diameter, and stems that are 2–7.5 cm (0.8–3.0 in) long by 1.2–2.5 cm (0.5–1.0 in) thick. The mushrooms are characterized by the red and then black color changes that occur in the flesh when it is bruised, and a relatively thick cap cuticle. Although the mushroom is sold as an edible species in some areas of Asia, it is mild to moderately toxic, and may cause gastrointestinal upset if consumed. Several bioactive compounds have been isolated and identified from the mushroom.
Peniophora incarnata, the rosy crust fungus, is a species of Basidiomycotal fungus in the order Russulales and family Peniophoraceae. It is a resupinate, or crust-like species, that grows on the surface of bark. In Scandinavia it grows on a range of deciduous hosts and less often on coniferous trees.
Cantharocybe virosa is a member of the fungal family Hygrophoraceae that has been identified in India, Bangladesh and Thailand. It is an ectomycorrhizal fungus that is toxic for consumption and has no know uses in agriculture, horticulture or medicine. C. virosa is a gray to gray-brown fungus with white to yellowish-white gills that can be found in soil or on mud walls near Cocos nucifera.
Ostropomyces is a genus of fungi in the family Stictidaceae. It has two species, both of which are found in tropical forests in northern Thailand, where they grow as saprotrophs on bark.
Fuscosporellales is an order of fungi within the phylum of Ascomycota and in the class Sordariomycetes and subdivision of Pezizomycotina.
Fuscosporella is a genus of terrestrial and freshwater fungi in the family Fuscosporellaceae and within the monotypic order of Fuscosporellales.
References
- ↑ Yang ZL, Trappe JM, Binder M, Sanmee R, Lumyong P, Lumyong S (2006). "The sequestrate genus Rhodactina (Boletales) in northern Thailand". Mycotaxon. 96: 133–140.
