Rhodeus is a genus of cyprinid fish, consisting of 23 species called bitterlings. The scientific name is derived from the Greek word rhodeos, meaning "rose". Most species in the genus are restricted to Asia, but two species are found in Europe.
The deepwater cisco was one of the largest ciscoes in the Great Lakes. Its average length was 30 cm and it was about 1.0 kilogram in weight. Occurring only in Lakes Huron and Michigan, and inhabiting waters between 50 and 150 metres deep, it was difficult to distinguish from other ciscoes and was possibly the same species as the shortjaw cisco. The deepwater cisco was distinguished by usually having fewer than 33 gill rakers, relatively long pectoral fins, and unpigmented jaws. It was a silvery colour with a pink or purple lustre and a green or blue back. It spawned in August and September, earlier than most other ciscoes. Not much is known about its specific behaviors. Its diet consisted of Mysis relicta, fingernail clams, and various aquatic insects. Because of its large size, the deepwater cisco was heavily fished commercially.
Nematogenys inermis is a species of mountain catfish, the only extant species in the family Nematogenyiidae. This species is endemic to Chile where it is found in fresh waters in central Chile. This species grows to a length of 40.7 cm (16.0 in) NG.
The Kyushu bitterling is a temperate freshwater fish belonging to the Acheilognathinae of the family Cyprinidae. It originates on Kyushu Island in Japan. It was originally described as Acanthorhodeus atremius by Jordan & Thompson in 1914. The fish reaches a size of up to 6 cm (2.5 in), and is native to freshwater habitats with a pH of 6.8 to 7.8, a hardness of 20 DH, and a temperature of 10 to 25 °C.
The European bitterling is a temperate freshwater fish belonging to the subfamily Acheilognathinae of the family Cyprinidae. It originates in Europe, ranging from the Rhone River basin in France to the Neva River in Russia. It was originally described as Cyprinus amarus by Marcus Elieser Bloch in 1782, and has been referred to in scientific literature as Rhodeus sericeus amarus. It is known simply as "the bitterling" in its native range, where it is the only species of its genus Rhodeus, and sometimes in the scientific literature, also, but this is technically wrong, being a leftover from the times when the European bitterling was united with its Siberian relative, the Amur bitterling, in R. sericeus. Properly, "bitterling" can refer to any species of Acheilognathus or Rhodeus.
Rhodeus laoensis is a tropical freshwater fish belonging to the subfamily Acheilognathinae of the family Cyprinidae. It originates in Nam Theun River in the Mekong Delta in Laos. The fish reaches a length up to 4.7 cm (1.9 in). When spawning, the females deposit their eggs inside bivalves, where they hatch and the young remain until they can swim. It was discovered in 1998 along with 21 other species by Maurice Kottelat
Rhodeus sinensis is a subtropical freshwater fish belonging to the Acheilognathinae subfamily of the family Cyprinidae. It originated in inland rivers in China, and has been introduced as an exotic species in Afghanistan. The fish reaches a length up to 5.2 cm (2.0 in), and is native to freshwater habitats with a pH of 6.8 to 7.8, a hardness of 20 DH, and a temperature of 10 to 25 °C. When spawning, the females deposit their eggs inside bivalves, where they hatch and the young remain until they can swim.
Rhodeus smithii, sometimes known as the Japanese rosy bitterling, Japanese bitterling, or Nippon baratanago is a temperate freshwater fish belonging to the Acheilognathinae subfamily of the family Cyprinidae. It originates in stagnant waters in inland rivers in Japan. It was originally described as Achilognathus smithii by Charles Tate Regan in 1908, and is also referred to as Rhodeus ocellatus smithii in scientific literature.
Rhodeus spinalis is a subtropical freshwater and brackish water fish belonging to the Acheilognathinae subfamily of the family Cyprinidae. It originates on Hainan Island and the Xijiang River basin in China, and may be native to portions of Vietnam. The fish reaches a length up to 10.0 cm (3.9 in). When spawning, the females deposit their eggs inside bivalves, where they hatch and the young remain until they can swim.
Schizothorax lepidothorax is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. The species is only known from Fuxian Lake in Yunnan.
Bullockia maldonadoi is a species of catfish of the family Trichomycteridae, and the only species of the genus Bullockia. This fish grows to about 7 centimetres (2.8 in) and originates from Chile.
The Somali hedgehog is a species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae. It is endemic to Somalia and Somaliland. The Somali hedgehog is nocturnal.
Libythea cinyras was a species of butterfly in the nymphalid subfamily Libytheinae. It is now thought to be extinct. It was endemic to Mauritius. The only known specimen is the holotype.
The lined silverside is a species of fish in the family Atherinidae. It is found in Indonesia and the Philippines. This species was described as Atherina lineata by Albert Günther in 1872 with the type locality given as Cebu.
Brachygalaxias gothei is a species of fish in the family Galaxiidae endemic to Chile. It was formerly listed as Vulernable in 1994 until being changed in 1996. It is considered a synonym of Brachygalaxias bullocki but is listed separately by the IUCN Red List.
Odontesthe mauleanum is a species of fish in the family Atherinopsidae. It is endemic to Chile.
Luciogobius pallidus is a species of goby endemic to Japan where it is found in fresh, brackish and marine underground waters near the coasts. This species and its close relative L. albus are the only known cavefish in Japan.
Orestias chungarensis is a species of fish in the family Cyprinodontidae. It is endemic to Lake Chungara in Chile.
Orestias laucaensis is a species of fish in the family Cyprinodontidae. It is endemic to the Lauca River in Chile.
