Sir Richard Livingstone | |
---|---|
Born | 23 January 1880 Liverpool, England |
Died | 26 December 1960 80) Oxford, England | (aged
Spouse | Cecile Stephanie Louise Livingstone |
Academic background | |
Education | Winchester College New College, Oxford |
Alma mater | New College, Oxford |
Academic work | |
Discipline | Classical Studies |
Sub-discipline | Greek philosophy,Greek literature,and classical education |
Institutions | Corpus Christi College,Oxford,Queen's University Belfast,University of Oxford |
Sir Richard Winn Livingstone (23 January 1880 – 26 December 1960) was a British classical scholar and educationist. He is known for his contributions to classical liberal arts education and his role as an academic administrator at Queen's University Belfast and Corpus Christi College, Oxford.
Livingstone was born on 23 January 1880, in Liverpool, the son of Richard John Livingstone, a Church of England clergyman and honorary canon of Liverpool, and Millicent Julia Allanson-Winn, daughter of Charles Allanson-Winn, 3rd Baron Headley. [1]
He attended Winchester College before studying at New College, Oxford, where he earned a first-class degree in Literae Humaniores (Latin and Ancient Greek). Livingstone also won the Chancellor's Prize for Latin Verse and the Arnold Modern Historical Essay Prize. In 1904, he was appointed Fellow and Tutor at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, a position he held until 1924. During this time, he was also appointed librarian in 1905 and was actively involved in academic committees and publications. [1]
In 1920, Livingstone served on the Prime Minister David Lloyd George's committee on the classics and was co-editor of the Classical Review from 1920 to 1922. He took a leave of absence from his role as co-editor to serve as an assistant master at Eton College between 1917 and 1918. [1]
From 1924 to 1933, Livingstone was Vice-Chancellor of Queen's University Belfast in Northern Ireland. His contributions during this period were recognized with a knighthood in 1931. [2]
Following his tenure in Belfast, Livingstone returned to Oxford in 1933 as President of Corpus Christi College. During his time there, he introduced summer schools for colonial administrators, expanded adult education programs, and played a key role in establishing a residential college for women. [3]
In 1944, he delivered the Rede Lecture at Cambridge on Plato and modern education [4] and served as Vice-Chancellor of the University of Oxford from 1944 to 1947. [3] He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1948. [5]
Livingstone retired from his position as Vice-Chancellor in 1950 and devoted his final years to writing and lecturing. He particularly focused on defending the value of a liberal arts education, with an emphasis on the classics. He died on 26 December 1960, in Oxford. [2]
Livingstone began his lecture by asserting that the 20th century was marked by freedom, but that freedom alone could not define the 'good life.' He emphasized that liberalism, liberty, and rationalism are valuable only when properly applied and nurtured. In his subsequent lecture, he proposed that Christianity, alongside a renewed ethical system and rational philosophy, represented the “hope of the civilized world.” He criticized the loss of fundamental beliefs and common purpose, attributing part of the blame to universities for failing to impart a meaningful philosophy of life. Livingstone concluded his final lecture by suggesting that while ethics alone are insufficient as a guide to conduct, the search for a modern equivalent of Aristotle could help navigate the moral uncertainties of the time. [3]
Livingstone married Cecile Stephanie Louise Livingstone ( née Wilson) on 8 July 1913. [6]
As Vice-Chancellor of Queen's University Belfast, he was awarded the Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1931 in recognition of his successful efforts to enhance the university's resources and improve its public relations. [3] [1]
He also received honorary doctorates from ten universities and was honored with several international awards, including: [1]
Queen's University named Livingstone Hall, a principal building in the Queen's Elms Halls of Residence, in his honor. [1]
His portrait, painted by the eminent Hungarian artist Philip de László, hangs in the Great Hall of the University. [1]
Sir Henry James Sumner Maine,, was a British Whig comparative jurist and historian. He is famous for the thesis outlined in his book Ancient Law that law and society developed "from status to contract." According to the thesis, in the ancient world individuals were tightly bound by status dealing with(in) a particular group while in the modern one, in which individuals are viewed as autonomous agents, they are free to make contracts and form associations with whomever they choose. Because of this thesis, Maine can be seen as one of the forefathers of modern legal anthropology, legal history and sociology of law.
Banausos is a pejorative applied to the class of manual laborers or artisans in Ancient Greece. The related abstract noun βαναυσία – banausia is defined by Hesychius as "every craft (τέχνη) [conducted] by means of fire", reflecting the folk etymology of the word as coming from βαῦνος (baunos) "furnace" and αὔω (auō) "to dry". The actual etymology of the words is unknown; they are not attested outside Attic-Ionic or before the 5th century BC. The epic heroes call their smiths δημιουργοί – dēmiourgoi.
Sir Kenneth James Dover, was a distinguished British classical scholar and academic. He was president of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, from 1976 to 1986. In addition, he was president of the British Academy from 1978 to 1981, and chancellor of the University of St Andrews from 1981 to 2005. A scholar of Greek prose and Aristophanic comedy, he was also the author of Greek Homosexuality (1978), a key text on the subject.
Sir Alan Geoffrey Wilson is a British mathematician and social scientist, former Vice-Chancellor of the University of Leeds and a professor at University College London.
Livingstone is a surname and given name. The surname is toponymic. It is one of the habitual surnames eventually adopted by members of the Scottish branch of the Irish Dunleavy /MacNulty royals, including the ancestors of the African missionary doctor and African explorer David Livingstone. There may be a relationship between the Livingstones and Clan MacLea.
Michael William McCrum CBE was an English academic and ancient historian who served as Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge, Master of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, and Head Master of Tonbridge School and Eton College.
Eric Robertson Dodds was an Irish classical scholar. He was Regius Professor of Greek at the University of Oxford from 1936 to 1960.
Richard John Carwardine is a Welsh historian and academic. He specialises in American politics and religion in the era of the American Civil War.
Thomas Randolph D.D. (1701–1783) was an English academic, President of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, and Christian theologian.
The Sir Robert Rede's Lecturer is an annual appointment to give a public lecture, the Sir Robert Rede's Lecture at the University of Cambridge. It is named for Sir Robert Rede, who was Chief Justice of the Common Pleas in the sixteenth century.
Sir Keith Vivian Thomas is a Welsh historian of the early modern world based at Oxford University. He is best known as the author of Religion and the Decline of Magic and Man and the Natural World. From 1986 to 2000, he was president of Corpus Christi College, Oxford.
Sir Peter Hugh Jefferd Lloyd-Jones was a British classical scholar and Regius Professor of Greek at the University of Oxford. Educated at Westminster School and at Christ Church, Oxford, he served as a linguist and intelligence officer during the Second World War, including a stint at the code-breaking centre at Bletchley Park. After a brief fellowship at Jesus College, Cambridge, he moved to Corpus Christi College, Oxford, where he remained for the rest of his academic career. In 1961, he was made Regius Professor of Greek.
The Gaisford Prize is a prize awarded by the Faculty of Classics, University of Oxford for a composition in Classical Greek Verse and Prose by an undergraduate student. The prize was founded in 1855 in memory of Dr Thomas Gaisford (1779–1855). The prizes now also include the Gaisford Essay Prize and the Gaisford Dissertation Prize.
Sir William Spens, CBE was a Scottish educationalist, academic and Master of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge.
Sir Charles Haynes Wilson was a Scottish political scientist and university administrator. As Principal of University College Leicester, he led the institution to university status in 1957 and served as the first Vice-Chancellor of the new University of Leicester, before becoming Principal of the University of Glasgow in 1961.
Brian Twyne was an English antiquary and an academic at the University of Oxford. After being educated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, and becoming a Fellow of the college in 1606, he published his one main work, a history of the university, in 1608. This was designed to prove that Oxford was older than Cambridge University, and has been described by a modern writer as a "remarkable achievement for a young scholar of twenty-eight."
Sir Henry Desmond Pritchard Lee was an English classical scholar specialising in ancient philosophy who became a Fellow and tutor of Corpus Christi College at Cambridge University, a lecturer in the university, and then Headmaster successively of Clifton College and Winchester College, before ending his career back at Cambridge University as President of Hughes Hall.
Percy Stafford Allen was a British classical scholar, best known for his writings on Desiderius Erasmus.
Sir John Francis Lockwood was Master of Birkbeck College, London, from 1951 to 1965, and Vice-Chancellor of the University of London from 1955 to 1958 In 1965 he produced a controversial report known as "The Lockwood Report" which concerned the foundation of what became the University of Ulster.
John Copcot, DD was an English cleric and academic, becoming Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge and Master of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge.