Roraiman warbler | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Passeriformes |
Family: | Parulidae |
Genus: | Myiothlypis |
Species: | M. roraimae |
Binomial name | |
Myiothlypis roraimae (Sharpe, 1885) | |
Synonyms | |
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The Roraiman warbler (Myiothlypis roraimae) is a species of passerine bird in the new world warbler family Parulidae. It is known to associate with Tepui rainforest ecosystems and is found in southern Venezuela, western Guyana, and adjacent areas of northern Brazil. The bird has been periodically granted full species status, although it has also been occasionally considered a subspecies of two-banded warbler (Myiothlypis bivittata). Based on the population's physically disparate distance from the nominate species, vocal differences, and slight differences in plumage, several authorities consider the Roraiman warbler independent. [2] [3] Recent genetic evidence also indicates the birds of northern South America are significantly diverged from the two-banded warbler populations in the Andes. [4]
The Roraiman warbler has a bright yellow throat and underparts with darker olive colored upperparts. The crown is black with an orange central stripe that may be difficult to see in the field. There is a short dusky eyestripe and broken yellow eyering below a yellow supercilium line fading to olive in the rear.
The New World warblers or wood-warblers are a group of small, often colorful, passerine birds that make up the family Parulidae and are restricted to the New World. The family contains 120 species. They are not closely related to Old World warblers or Australian warblers. Most are arboreal, but some, like the ovenbird and the two waterthrushes, are primarily terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores.
The olive warbler is a small passerine bird. It is the only member of the genus Peucedramus and the family Peucedramidae.
The black-and-white warbler is a species of New World warbler, and the only member of its genus, Mniotilta. It breeds in northern and eastern North America and winters in Florida, Central America, and the West Indies down to Peru. This species is a very rare vagrant to western Europe.
The hooded warbler is a New World warbler. It breeds in eastern North America across the eastern United States and into southernmost Canada (Ontario). It is migratory, wintering in Central America and the West Indies. Hooded warblers are very rare vagrants to western Europe.
The rufous-capped warbler is a New World warbler native from Mexico south to Guatemala, rarely occurring as far north as southeastern Arizona and south Texas. Birds in the southern part of the range are now split out as a separate species, as the chestnut-capped warbler.
Basileuterus is a genus of New World warblers, best represented in Central and South America. This is one of only two warbler genera that are well represented in the latter continent. Some species formerly considered in this genus are now placed in the genus Myiothlypis. It is likely that the ancestors of this genus colonised South America from the family's heartland in northern Central America even before the two continents were linked, and subsequent speciation provided most of the resident warbler species of that region.
The Santa Marta warbler is a species of bird in the family Parulidae. It is endemic to the Santa Marta Mountains in Colombia.
The Cuzco warbler is a South American species of bird in the family Parulidae. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and heavily degraded former forest. The bird was split from the golden-bellied warbler.
The russet-crowned warbler is a species of bird in the family Parulidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and heavily degraded former forest.
The grey-and-gold warbler is a species of bird in the family Parulidae. It is found in Ecuador and Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. Aspects of the grey-and-gold warbler's breeding biology were recently described by Miller et al. (2007), based on a sample of two nests. It was named after British zoologist and collector Louis Fraser.
The grey-headed warbler is a species of bird in the family Parulidae. It is endemic to Venezuela.
The white-bellied warbler is a bird in the family Parulidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay. It resembles the closely related golden-crowned warbler, but its underparts are entirely whitish instead of yellow. Recently, the South American Classification committee of the AOU reclassified the white-bellied warbler as a subspecies of the golden-crowned warbler based on studies by Lovette et al. and Vilaca and Santos.
The three-banded warbler is a species of bird in the family Parulidae. It is found in Ecuador and Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and heavily degraded former forest.
The three-striped warbler is a species of bird in the family Parulidae. It was previously considered conspecific with the Tacarcuna warbler and the black-eared warbler. This bird is found in South America from Venezuela to Peru. The Yungas warbler was previously considered a subspecies.
The Roraiman antwren is an insectivorous bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is found in Brazil, Guyana, and Venezuela.
The riverbank warbler, sometimes known as the Neotropical river warbler or just river warbler, is a species of bird in the family Parulidae.
The Cuban warblers are a genus, Teretistris, and family, Teretistridae, of birds endemic to Cuba and its surrounding cays. Until 2002 they were thought to be New World warblers, but DNA studies have shown that they are not closely related to that family. The family consists of two species, the yellow-headed warbler and the Oriente warbler. Both species are found in forest and scrub, with the yellow-headed warbler ranging in the west of the island and the Oriente warbler in the east. The Cuban warblers are 13 cm (5.1 in) long and have similar yellow and grey plumage.
The fan-tailed warbler is a New World warbler in the genus Basileuterus that lives along the Pacific slope from northern Mexico to Nicaragua. Vagrant records exist for Arizona, New Mexico and Texas. It is yellow on its throat and underparts with a tawny wash on its chest. The head is gray with a black-framed yellow crown and white around the eyes. The undertail coverlets are white. They are 5.8-6.3 in (14.5–16 cm) long and have pleasant, upslurred song. Fan-tailed warblers live in and at the edge of evergreen and semideciduous forest, especially near ravines. They eat ants, especially army ants, and are seen hopping around on either the forest floor or close to it. They are found alone or in pairs.
The Choco warbler is a South American species of bird in the family Parulidae. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and heavily degraded former forest. The bird was split from the golden-bellied warbler.
Myiothlypis is a genus of New World warblers, best represented in Central and South America. This is one of only two warbler genera that are well represented in the latter continent. All of these species were formerly placed in the genus Basileuterus.