Royal Marines selection and training

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Royal Marines recruit training is the longest basic modern infantry training programme of any Commonwealth, or North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) combat troops. [1] The Royal Marines are the only part of the British Armed Forces where officers and other ranks are trained at the same location, the Commando Training Centre Royal Marines (CTCRM) at Lympstone, Devon. [2] Much of the basic training is carried out on the rugged terrain of Dartmoor and Woodbury Common with a significant proportion taking place at night.

Contents

Selection

Royal Marines Commando in Future Commando Force uniform Royal Marines Commando Uniform 2020 MOD 45166712.jpg
Royal Marines Commando in Future Commando Force uniform

All potential recruits take a Defence Aptitude Assessment [3] and are interviewed at the Armed Forces Careers Office (AFCO) to assess their suitability. A series of physical assessments are conducted including a sight test and medical examination. Then the Pre-Joining Fitness Test Plus (PJFT+). The PJFT+ is a circuit assessment. Potential recruits have to complete the circuit three times, with each requiring the completion of 20 burpees, 30 sit ups, 20 press ups and a one-minute plank. On completion of the three circuits, recruits are required to perform a set of five pull ups. [4]

Royal Marines recruits must be aged 16 to 32 (they must be in Recruit Training before their 33rd birthday). [5] Due to the July 2016 lifting on the ban on women in Ground Close Combat roles, females are now permitted to join all British military infantry units, including the Royal Marines Commandos. [6]

The final selection assessment for potential recruits is either the Candidate Preparation Course (CPC) [7] for ratings candidates, or the Officer Selection Course (OSC) [8] and Admiralty Interview Board for officer candidates. CPC and OSC last three days and assess physical ability and intellectual capacity to undertake the recruit training. Potential Officers must be aged 18 to 25.

Training

Royal Marines Commando Training

Royal Marines Commando Training is one of the world's longest and most arduous training programmes. The programme is intended to train recruits in all skills required to become an amphibious soldier with the Marines. [9]

Once through the recruiting process, candidates are given a date to start Initial Training at Commando Training Centre Royal Marines (CTCRM), Lympstone. Initial training is a five-stage process, with only successful candidates progressing to the next stage.

The first of these stages is a 4-week Recruit Orientation Phase (ROP). This stage provides an introduction to life as a marine and includes Physical Training (PT) and swimming sessions and testing, drill and personal administration, weapon handling, close combat training and basic fieldcraft. ROP culminates in a three-day field exercise and fitness assessment. Recruits have two attempts to pass this assessment. If successful, they move on to spend a further 32 weeks in training.

Young officer (YO) training begins with Phase 1 which teaches the officers how to be Royal Marines.

Training Phases

Recruit Orientation Phase (ROP) – 4 weeks

Phase 1 – 10 weeks

Individual skills

If recruits successfully pass the ROP, they continue training by learning and developing individual skills. This phase will see them continue with: PT gym sessions, swimming sessions, drill, weapon handling and fieldcraft. They also develop map reading and navigation skills, live firing experience and marksmanship training.

This culminates in a fitness assessment and the field exercise 'Baptist Run'.

Phase 2 – 13 weeks

Team and Section Skills (weeks 11 to 15)

At this stage training progresses to learning skills that include: Reconnaissance and Surveillance (RS), small team tactics, tactical navigation and signalling, medic training and section tactics. PT and swimming sessions continue.

Troop and Urban Skills (weeks 16 to 23)

In this final stage of the initial training recruits progress to more targeted combat training, comprising: General Purpose Machine Gun (GPMG), pistol handling and live firing, troop tactics, tactical night navigation, Royal Marines close combat training, close quarter battle training and Strike Operations (Strike Ops) training.

This phase will also see skills consolidated, Bottom Field Pass Out [10] and a test exercise take place.

Commando Phase – 8 weeks

A recruit, at the start of the 'Tarzan Assault Course slides down the death slide (known as the Commando Slide). Royal Marines Commando Tests MOD 45161975.jpg
A recruit, at the start of the 'Tarzan Assault Course slides down the death slide (known as the Commando Slide).

If successful in the first stages of training, recruits progress to introductory Commando training. This will see them undertake: Live firing tactical training - at section and troop level, day and night manoeuvre training and amphibious foundation training. A final exercise and four Commando tests will follow:

  1. The endurance course: Two miles of tunnels, pools, streams, bogs and woods, followed by a four-mile run back to camp where recruits will need to achieve six out of ten in a shooting test.
  2. The nine-mile speed march: This needs to be completed in 90 minutes, as a unified squad, while carrying 30lbs of equipment and rifle.
  3. The Tarzan assault course: This is an aerial assault course which needs to be completed in 13 minutes, while carrying 30lbs of equipment and rifle.
  4. The 30-mile march: This is a march across Dartmoor, which needs to be completed in less than eight hours, carrying 40lbs of equipment and a rifle. [11]

Kings Squad – 1 week

The 'Kings Squad' is the culmination of 32 weeks Royal Marines Commando Training and a tradition that has been in place since His Majesty King George V granted the honour in 1918. [12] At pass out the successful recruits become Royal marine Commandos and are awarded the coveted Green Beret

YO Training Modules

Phase 1: Initial Training

This 16-week training course will introduce the YO's to the core skills they need to be a Royal Marine, and assess their abilities in an intensive and progressive environment.

Phase 2: Tactics and Doctrine Training

For the next 12 weeks the training will switch focus to Section and Troop level tactical development. Using what the YO's have already learnt, they will spend time preparing, delivering and receiving orders. This phase will incorporate a mixture of academic study and advanced physical training.

Phase 3 – Defensive, Fibua, Special to Arms, and Commando Course Phase

This six-week phase will hone the YO's defensive skills, teaching the principles of transitional operations, and introduce the YO's to the tactics of Fighting In Built Up Areas (FIBUA).

Phase 4 – Advanced Military Management Training

This phase is designed to broaden the YO's experience and military knowledge. They will complete a two-week range qualification course, before further academic study at BRNC Dartmouth. Additional exercises will take place during a deployment to the United States.

Phase 5 – Unit Management, Exercise Planning and Final Exercise.

This phase will provide the YO's with the essential ability to administrate and manage their men. Topics that they will cover, include:

Military law

Report writing

Unit documentation

Strategic studies

A planning exercise in Normandy

Training exercises

Throughout basic training, recruits must undertake field exercises which provide training and test application of learning.

Phase 1

Phase 2

Commando Phase

YO Training exercises

Throughout YO training, Young Officers must undergo many exercises testing what they have learnt up to that point.

Phase 1

Phase 2

Phase 3

Phase 4

Phase 5 Final Exercise consists of:

The Commando course

The culmination of training is the Commando course. Following the Royal Marines taking on responsibility for the Commando role with the disbandment of the Army Commandos at the end of World War II, all Royal Marines, except those in the Royal Marines Band Service, complete the Commando course as part of their training (see below). Key aspects of the course include climbing and ropework techniques, patrolling and amphibious warfare operations.

This intense phase ends with a series of tests which have remained virtually unchanged since World War II. Again, these tests are done in full fighting order of 32 lb (14.5 kg) of equipment.

The Commando tests are taken on consecutive days and all four tests must be successfully completed within a seven-day period; they include;

After the 30-mile (48 km) march, any who failed any of the tests may attempt to retake them up until the seven-day window expires. If a recruit fails two or more of the tests, however, it is unlikely that a chance to re-attempt them will be offered.

Normally the seven- to eight-day schedule for the Commando Tests is as follows:

Completing the Commando course successfully entitles the recruit or officer to wear the green beret but does not mean that the Royal Marine has finished his training. That decision will be made by the troop or batch training team and will depend on the recruit's or young officer's overall performance. Furthermore, officer training consists of many more months. Training to be a Royal Marine takes 32 weeks. The last week is spent mainly on administration and preparing for the pass out parade. Recruits in their final week of training are known as the King's Squad and have their own section of the recruits' galley at Lympstone. After basic and commando training, a Royal Marine Commando will normally join a unit of 3 Commando Brigade. There are four Royal Marines Commando infantry units in the Brigade: 40 Commando located at Norton Manor Camp near Taunton in Somerset; 42 Commando at Bickleigh Barracks, near Plymouth, Devon; 43 Commando FPGRM at HMNB Clyde near Glasgow; and 45 Commando at RM Condor, Arbroath on the coast of Angus.

Non-Royal Marine volunteers for Commando training undertake the All Arms Commando Course. There is also a Reserve Commando Course run for members of the Royal Marines Reserve and Commando units of the Army Reserve.

YO Exams/Qualifications

Specialist training

Royal Marine snipers with L115A1 sniper rifles Royal Marines snipers displaying their L115A1 rifles.jpg
Royal Marine snipers with L115A1 sniper rifles
A Royal Marines team boards US Navy destroyer USS O'Bannon during training US Navy 030618-N-9251B-043 A U.K. Royal Marines team, embarked on Chilean ship ACh Ministro Zenteno (PFG 08) board the destroyer USS O'Bannon (DD 987) during a Maritime Interdiction Operation (MIO) training evolution.jpg
A Royal Marines team boards US Navy destroyer USS O'Bannon during training

Upon completion of training, Royal Marine recruits spend a period of time as a General Duties Rifleman. They are assigned to one of the three Commando battalions or a Fleet Standby Rifle Troop on board a Royal Navy ship for up to two years before being sent for specialist training.

Commandos may then go on to undertake specialist training in a variety of skills:

Recruit Specialisations
Officer specialisations (recently decreased from 7 to 3)

Training for these specialisations may be undertaken at CTCRM or in a tri-service training centre such as the Defence School of Transport at Leconfield, the Defence School of Electronic and Mechanical Engineering (DSEME) at MOD Lyneham, Wiltshire, Defence Helicopter Flying School (pilots/aircrew) or the Defence School of Policing and Guarding.

Some marines are trained in military parachuting to allow flexibility of insertion methods for all force elements. Marines complete this training at RAF Brize Norton but are not required to undergo Pre-Parachute Selection Course (P-Company) training due to the arduous nature of the commando course they have already completed. [13]

See also

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References

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