Rusk Glacier

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Rusk Glacier
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Rusk Glacier
Type Mountain glacier
Coordinates 46°12′17″N121°28′04″W / 46.20472°N 121.46778°W / 46.20472; -121.46778 Coordinates: 46°12′17″N121°28′04″W / 46.20472°N 121.46778°W / 46.20472; -121.46778 [1]
Area 1.47 km2 (0.57 sq mi) in 2006 [2]
Length 1 mi (1.6 km)
Terminus Talus
Status Retreating

Rusk Glacier is located on the eastern face of Mount Adams in the U.S. state of Washington. Starting at an elevation of over 10,200 ft (3,100 m) at just below The Castle, the glacier flows eastward down slope. [3] A significant portion of the glacier is covered by rock debris and in the middle of the glacier, at about 9,200 ft (2,800 m), there is a small ice-free island of rock. The glacier terminates at about 7,500 ft (2,300 m) at its rock-covered moraine. [3] The glacier has decreased in surface area by 23 percent between 1904 and 2006. [2]

Mount Adams (Washington) mountain

Mount Adams, known by some Native American tribes as Pahto or Klickitat, is a potentially active stratovolcano in the Cascade Range. Although Adams has not erupted in more than 1,000 years, it is not considered extinct. It is the second-highest mountain in the U.S. state of Washington, after Mount Rainier.

U.S. state constituent political entity sharing sovereignty as the United States of America

In the United States, a state is a constituent political entity, of which there are currently 50. Bound together in a political union, each state holds governmental jurisdiction over a separate and defined geographic territory and shares its sovereignty with the federal government. Due to this shared sovereignty, Americans are citizens both of the federal republic and of the state in which they reside. State citizenship and residency are flexible, and no government approval is required to move between states, except for persons restricted by certain types of court orders. Four states use the term commonwealth rather than state in their full official names.

Glacier Persistent body of ice that is moving under its own weight

A glacier is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight; it forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation over many years, often centuries. Glaciers slowly deform and flow due to stresses induced by their weight, creating crevasses, seracs, and other distinguishing features. They also abrade rock and debris from their substrate to create landforms such as cirques and moraines. Glaciers form only on land and are distinct from the much thinner sea ice and lake ice that form on the surface of bodies of water.

The glacier was named for Claude Ewing Rusk, who made the first ascent of The Castle in 1921, by Harry Fielding Reid. [4] [5]

Claude Ewing Rusk

Claude Ewing Rusk, also known as C. E. Rusk, was an American mountaineer, lawyer, and author from Washington who pioneered routes up Mount Adams, Mount Baker, and Glacier Peak. He also ascended many other peaks in Washington, Oregon, and California.

Harry Fielding Reid American geophysicist and seismologist

Harry Fielding Reid was an American geophysicist. He was notable for his contributions to seismology, particularly his theory of elastic rebound that related faults to earthquakes.

See also

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Adams Glacier (Mount Adams) glacier in the United States

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Crescent Glacier (Mount Adams) mountain glacier located on the southeast slopes of Mount Adams in the U.S. state of Washington in Gifford Pinchot National Forest

Crescent Glacier is located on the southeast slopes of Mount Adams in the U.S. state of Washington in Gifford Pinchot National Forest. A small subpeak of Mount Adams, named South Butte, rises nearby. Crescent Glacier is close to the Gotchen Glacier which is located just to the east. Crescent Glacier lies in a small south-facing cirque with a steep headwall. The glacier ranges in elevation from 8,400 ft (2,600 m) at the foot of the steep cliff to 7,900 ft (2,400 m) at the moraine. One arm of the glacier extends south down to 7,600 ft (2,300 m). Between 1904 and 2006, Crescent Glacier lost 6 percent of its surface area.

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White Salmon Glacier (Mount Adams) glacier in the United States

White Salmon Glacier is located on Mount Adams in the U.S. state of Washington. The glacier starts southwest of the summit crater at an elevation of 11,600 ft (3,500 m). Ice flows southwest downhill until the glacier's terminus at about 9,600 ft (2,900 m) elevation. The glacier also contributes ice to the much larger Avalanche Glacier at an elevation of 10,200 ft (3,100 m). White Salmon Glacier has decreased in surface area by 86 percent between 1904 and 2006.

Avalanche Glacier glacier in the United States

Avalanche Glacier is located on the west to southwest slopes of Mount Adams a stratovolcano in the Gifford Pinchot National Forest in the U.S. state of Washington. The glacier descends from the White Salmon Glacier at 10,200 ft (3,100 m) to a terminus near 7,600 ft (2,300 m). Avalanche Glacier has been in a general state of retreat for over 100 years and lost 59 percent of its surface area between 1904 and 2006.

Gotchen Glacier glacier in the United States

Gotchen Glacier is located on the south slopes of Mount Adams a stratovolcano in the Gifford Pinchot National Forest in the U.S. state of Washington. The glacier descends from approximately 8,200 ft (2,500 m) to a terminus near 7,400 ft (2,300 m) below which an old terminal moraine and proglacial lake exist. Gotchen Glacier has been in a general state of retreat for over 100 years and lost 78 percent of its surface area between 1904 and 2006.

Klickitat Glacier glacier in the United States

Klickitat Glacier is located on the east slopes of Mount Adams a stratovolcano in the U.S. state of Washington. Though within the Mount Adams Wilderness, the glacier is situated within the boundaries of the Yakama Indian Reservation. The glacier descends from approximately 12,000 ft (3,700 m) to a terminus near 7,200 ft (2,200 m) below which an old lateral moraine once was the northern margin of the glacier. Klickitat Glacier has been in a general state of retreat for over 100 years and lost 46 percent of its surface area between 1904 and 2006.

Lava Glacier glacier in the United States

Lava Glacier is located on the north slopes of Mount Adams a stratovolcano in Gifford Pinchot National Forest in the U.S. state of Washington. The glacier descends from approximately 10,000 ft (3,000 m) to a terminus near 7,800 ft (2,400 m). Lava Glacier has been in a general state of retreat for over 100 years and lost 74 percent of its surface area between 1904 and 2006.

Lyman Glacier (Mount Adams) glacier in the United States

Lyman Glacier is located on the north slopes of Mount Adams a stratovolcano in Gifford Pinchot National Forest in the U.S. state of Washington. The glacier is also within the Yakama Indian Reservation and descends from near the summit of Mount Adams at approximately 11,400 ft (3,500 m) to a terminus near 7,800 ft (2,400 m). Below 9,000 ft (2,700 m) the glacier splits into three distinct lobes. Lyman Glacier has been in a general state of retreat for over 100 years and lost 34 percent of its surface area between 1904 and 2006.

Mazama Glacier (Mount Adams) glacier in the United States

Mazama Glacier is located on the southeast slopes of Mount Adams a stratovolcano in the U.S. state of Washington. Mazama Glacier is in the Yakama Indian Reservation. The glacier descends from approximately 10,800 ft (3,300 m) to a terminus near 7,600 ft (2,300 m). Mazama Glacier has been in a general state of retreat for over 100 years and lost 46 percent of its surface area between 1904 and 2006.

Pinnacle Glacier (Mount Adams) glacier in the United States

Pinnacle Glacier is located on the west slopes of Mount Adams a stratovolcano in Gifford Pinchot National Forest in the U.S. state of Washington. The glacier descends from approximately 10,000 ft (3,000 m) to a terminus near 7,200 ft (2,200 m). Pinnacle Glacier lost 7 percent of its surface area between 1904 and 2006.

Wilson Glacier (Mount Adams) glacier in the United States

Wilson Glacier is located on the east slopes of Mount Adams a stratovolcano in the U.S. state of Washington. The glacier is within the Yakama Indian Reservation. The glacier descends from approximately 10,600 ft (3,200 m) to a terminus near 7,400 ft (2,300 m). Wilson Glacier has been in a general state of retreat for over 100 years and lost 14 percent of its surface area between 1904 and 2006.

Sulphide Glacier glacier in Washington state, United States

Sulphide Glacier is in North Cascades National Park in the U.S. state of Washington, on the south slopes of Mount Shuksan. Descending 1.85 mi (2.98 km) from the summit tower of Mount Shuksan, it is connected to Crystal Glacier to the east. Sulphide Glacier descends from 8,600 to 5,600 ft. Sulphide Glacier is along the route taken when Mount Shuksan was first climbed in 1906. Both Sulphide and Crystal Glaciers have a series of 300-to-1,000-foot high cascades which are collectively referred to as Sulphide Basin Falls. Below these cascades lies Sulphide Lake, which empties over Sulphide Creek Falls, one of the highest waterfalls in North America with a nearly 2,200 ft (670 m) drop.

References

  1. ↑ "Rusk Glacier". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey . Retrieved 2012-11-03.
  2. 1 2 Sitts, Danielle; Andrew G. Fountain; Matthew J. Hoffman (2010). "Twentieth Century Glacier Change on Mount Adams, Washington, USA" (pdf). Northwest Science. Northwest Scientific Association. 84 (4): 378–385. doi:10.3955/046.084.0407 . Retrieved 2012-11-03.
  3. 1 2 Mount Adams East, WA (Map). TopoQwest (United States Geological Survey Maps). Retrieved 2012-11-03.
  4. ↑ Rusk, Claude Ewing (1978) [1924]. Tales of a Western Mountaineer (1st ed.). Seattle, Washington: The Mountaineers. ISBN   0-916890-62-7. LCCN   78054427. OCLC   4667368. OL   11004497M . Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  5. ↑ Majors, Harry M. (1975). Exploring Washington. Van Winkle Publishing Co. p. 128. ISBN   978-0-918664-00-6.
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