S-carboxymethylcysteine synthase | |||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||
EC no. | 4.5.1.5 | ||||||||
CAS no. | 124671-39-2 | ||||||||
Databases | |||||||||
IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
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The enzyme S-carboxymethylcysteine synthase (EC 4.5.1.5) catalyzes the reaction
This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the class of carbon-halide lyases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3-chloro-L-alanine chloride-lyase (adding thioglycolate; S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine-forming). This enzyme is also called S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine synthase. It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.
Amino acid synthesis is the set of biochemical processes by which the amino acids are produced. The substrates for these processes are various compounds in the organism's diet or growth media. Not all organisms are able to synthesize all amino acids. For example, humans can synthesize 11 of the 20 standard amino acids. These 11 are called the non-essential amino acids).
Cystathionine-β-synthase, also known as CBS, is an enzyme (EC 4.2.1.22) that in humans is encoded by the CBS gene. It catalyzes the first step of the transsulfuration pathway, from homocysteine to cystathionine:
The enzyme cystathionine γ-lyase (EC 4.4.1.1, CTH or CSE; also cystathionase; systematic name L-cystathionine cysteine-lyase (deaminating; 2-oxobutanoate-forming)) breaks down cystathionine into cysteine, 2-oxobutanoate (α-ketobutyrate), and ammonia:
The transsulfuration pathway is a metabolic pathway involving the interconversion of cysteine and homocysteine through the intermediate cystathionine. Two transsulfurylation pathways are known: the forward and the reverse.
The enzyme 3-chloro-D-alanine dehydrochlorinase (EC 4.5.1.2) catalyzes the reaction
The enzyme L-2-amino-4-chloropent-4-enoate dehydrochlorinase (EC 4.5.1.4) catalyzes the reaction
The enzyme L-3-cyanoalanine synthase catalyzes the chemical reaction
The enzyme selenocysteine lyase (SCL) (EC 4.4.1.16) catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an aspartate 4-decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.12) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
The enzyme sulfinoalanine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.29) catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a homoglutathione synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
The enzyme pyrazolylalanine synthase (EC 4.2.1.50) catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a citrate (Re)-synthase (EC 2.3.3.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a homocitrate synthase (EC 2.3.3.14) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a beta-pyrazolylalanine synthase (EC 2.5.1.51) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a cystathionine gamma-synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of cystathionine from cysteine and an activated derivative of homoserine, e.g.:
In enzymology, a cysteine synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an uracilylalanine synthase (EC 2.5.1.53) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
Chloroalanine (3-chloroalanine) is an unnatural amino acid with the formula ClCH2CH(NH2)CO2H. It is a white, water-soluble solid. The compound is usually derived from chlorination of serine. The compound is used in the synthesis of other amino acids by replacement of the chloride. Protected forms of the related iodoalanine are also known.