| SAP30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Aliases | SAP30 , Sin3A associated protein 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 603378 MGI: 1929129 HomoloGene: 2869 GeneCards: SAP30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Sin3A-associated protein, 30kDa, also known as SAP30, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the SAP30 gene. [5]
Histone acetylation plays a key role in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. Histone acetylation and deacetylation are catalyzed by multisubunit complexes. The protein encoded by this gene is a component of the histone deacetylase complex, which includes SIN3A, SAP18, HDAC1, HDAC2, RbAp46, RbAp48, and other polypeptides. This complex is active in deacetylating core histone octamers, but inactive in deacetylating nucleosomal histones. A pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 3. [5]
Mammals have one paralog of SAP30, named SAP30-like (SAP30L), which shares 70% sequence identity with SAP30. [6] SAP30 and SAP30L together constitute a well-conserved SAP30 protein family. Also SAP30L interacts with several components of the Sin3A corepressor complex and induces transcriptional repression via recruitment of Sin3A and histone deacetylases. [7]
Proteins of the SAP30 family (SAP30 proteins) have a functional nucleolar localization signal and they are able to target Sin3A to the nucleolus. [7] SAP30 proteins have sequence-independent contact with DNA by their N-terminal zinc-dependent module and their acidic central region contributes to histone and nucleosome interactions. The DNA binding of SAP30 proteins is regulated by the nuclear signalling lipids, phosphoinositides (PI). [8] SAP30 proteins provide the first example in which the DNA and PIs seem to stand in a mutually antagonizing interrelationship in regard to their interaction with zinc finger proteins and thus exemplifies the molecular mechanism how these lipids can contribute for gene regulation. [8] [9]
SAP30 has been shown to interact with:
Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC1 gene.
The nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 also known as thyroid-hormone- and retinoic-acid-receptor-associated co-repressor 1 (TRAC-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NCOR1 gene.
The nuclear receptor co-repressor 2 (NCOR2) is a transcriptional coregulatory protein that contains several nuclear receptor-interacting domains. In addition, NCOR2 appears to recruit histone deacetylases to DNA promoter regions. Hence NCOR2 assists nuclear receptors in the down regulation of target gene expression. NCOR2 is also referred to as a silencing mediator for retinoid or thyroid-hormone receptors (SMRT) or T3 receptor-associating cofactor 1 (TRAC-1).
Histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC2 gene. It belongs to the histone deacetylase class of enzymes responsible for the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues at the N-terminal region of the core histones. As such, it plays an important role in gene expression by facilitating the formation of transcription repressor complexes and for this reason is often considered an important target for cancer therapy.
Paired amphipathic helix protein Sin3a is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SIN3A gene.
Histone-binding protein RBBP4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RBBP4 gene.
Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MBD2 gene.
Histone-binding protein RBBP7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RBBP7 gene.
Inhibitor of growth protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ING1 gene.
Histone deacetylase 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC5 gene.
Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MBD3 gene.
Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CHD4 gene.
Metastasis-associated protein MTA2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MTA2 gene.
Paired amphipathic helix protein Sin3b is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SIN3B gene.
Inhibitor of growth protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ING2 gene.
Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SETD7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SETD7 gene.
Histone deacetylase complex subunit SAP18 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SAP18 gene.
Sin3 histone deacetylase corepressor complex component SDS3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SUDS3 gene.
In the field of molecular biology, the Mi-2/NuRDcomplex, is a group of associated proteins with both ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling and histone deacetylase activities. As of 2007, Mi-2/NuRD was the only known protein complex that couples chromatin remodeling ATPase and chromatin deacetylation enzymatic functions.
Yi Zhang is a Chinese-American biochemist who specializes in the fields of epigenetics, chromatin, and developmental reprogramming. He is a Fred Rosen Professor of Pediatrics and Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School, a Senior Investigator of Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine at Boston Children's Hospital, and an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He is also an Associate Member of the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, as well as the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard. He is best known for his discovery of several classes of epigenetic enzymes and the identification of epigenetic barriers of SCNT cloning.
