Transcription elongation factor SPT5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUPT5H gene. [5] [6]
Transcription elongation factor SPT5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUPT5H gene. [5] [6]
SUPT5H has been shown to interact with:
Model organisms have been used in the study of SUPT5H function. A conditional knockout mouse line called Supt5tm2a(KOMP)Wtsi was generated at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. [12] Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen [13] to determine the effects of deletion. [14] [15] [16] [17] Additional screens performed: - In-depth immunological phenotyping [18]
| Characteristic | Phenotype |
|---|---|
| All data available at. [13] [18] | |
| Peripheral blood leukocytes 6 Weeks | Normal |
| Haematology 6 Weeks | Normal |
| Homozygous viability at P14 | Abnormal |
| Recessive lethal study | Abnormal |
| Body weight | Normal |
| Neurological assessment | Normal |
| Grip strength | Normal |
| Dysmorphology | Normal |
| Indirect calorimetry | Normal |
| Glucose tolerance test | Normal |
| Auditory brainstem response | Normal |
| DEXA | Normal |
| Radiography | Normal |
| Eye morphology | Normal |
| Clinical chemistry | Normal |
| Haematology 16 Weeks | Normal |
| Peripheral blood leukocytes 16 Weeks | Normal |
| Heart weight | Normal |
| Salmonella infection | Normal |
| Cytotoxic T Cell Function | Normal |
| Spleen Immunophenotyping | Normal |
| Mesenteric Lymph Node Immunophenotyping | Normal |
| Bone Marrow Immunophenotyping | Normal |
| Epidermal Immune Composition | Normal |
Eukaryotic transcription is the elaborate process that eukaryotic cells use to copy genetic information stored in DNA into units of transportable complementary RNA replica. Gene transcription occurs in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Unlike prokaryotic RNA polymerase that initiates the transcription of all different types of RNA, RNA polymerase in eukaryotes comes in three variations, each translating a different type of gene. A eukaryotic cell has a nucleus that separates the processes of transcription and translation. Eukaryotic transcription occurs within the nucleus where DNA is packaged into nucleosomes and higher order chromatin structures. The complexity of the eukaryotic genome necessitates a great variety and complexity of gene expression control.
The positive transcription elongation factor, P-TEFb, is a multiprotein complex that plays an essential role in the regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II in eukaryotes. Immediately following initiation Pol II becomes trapped in promoter proximal paused positions on the majority of human genes. P-TEFb is a cyclin dependent kinase that can phosphorylate the DRB sensitivity inducing factor (DSIF) and negative elongation factor (NELF), as well as the carboxyl terminal domain of the large subunit of Pol II and this causes the transition into productive elongation leading to the synthesis of mRNAs. P-TEFb is regulated in part by a reversible association with the 7SK snRNP. Treatment of cells with the P-TEFb inhibitors DRB or flavopidirol leads to loss of mRNA production and ultimately cell death.
In molecular biology 7SK is an abundant small nuclear RNA found in metazoans. It plays a role in regulating transcription by controlling the positive transcription elongation factor P-TEFb. 7SK is found in a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex (snRNP) with a number of other proteins that regulate the stability and function of the complex.
Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 or CDK9 is a cyclin-dependent kinase associated with P-TEFb.
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1, also known as RPB1, is an enzyme that is encoded by the POLR2A gene in humans.
Cyclin-T1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNT1 gene.
General transcription factor IIH subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GTF2H4 gene.
FACT complex subunit SSRP1 also known as structure specific recognition protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SSRP1 gene.
HIV Tat-specific factor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HTATSF1 gene.
Negative elongation factor E is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RDBP gene.
Protein HEXIM1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HEXIM1 gene.
FACT complex subunit SPT16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUPT16H gene.
Cofactor of BRCA1, also known as COBRA1, is a human gene that encodes NELF-B.
Transcription elongation factor SPT4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUPT4H1 gene.
Negative elongation factor A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WHSC2 gene.
Negative elongation factor C/D is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TH1L gene.
General transcription factor IIF subunit 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GTF2F2 gene.
5,6-Dichloro-1-β-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB) is a chemical compound that inhibits transcription elongation by RNA Polymerase II. Sensitivity to DRB is dependent on DRB sensitivity inducing factor (DSIF), negative elongation factor (NELF), and positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb). DRB is a nucleoside analog and also inhibits some protein kinases.
In molecular biology, the NELF is a four-subunit protein complex that negatively impacts transcription by RNA polymerase II by pausing about 20-60 nucleotides downstream from the transcription start site (TSS).
General transcription factor IIE subunit 2 (GTF2E2), also known as transcription initiation factor IIE subunit beta (TFIIE-beta), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GTF2E2 gene.
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