The Saab two-stroke was a two-stroke cycle, inline, two cylinder, and later three cylinder engine manufactured by Swedish automotive manufacturer Saab that was based on a design by German manufacturer DKW.
The first version was a 764 cc (46.6 cu in) displacement straight-twin that was transversely mounted in the 1950–1956 Saab 92. It produced 25 hp (19 kW) and the car had a top speed of 100 km/h (62 mph). For the 1954 model year the engine received a Solex 32BI carburetor and an improved ignition coil, which raised engine output to 28 hp (21 kW). It had some modern features not found in other cars of its time period, such as one ignition coil per cylinder.
The second type of Saab two stroke engine was a longitudinally placed inline-three cylinder of 748 cc (45.6 cu in) and initially 33 hp (25 kW). It was used in the Saabs 93, 94 (Sonett I, with an engine tuned to 57.5 hp (42.9 kW)), Saab Sonett II, 95, 96, Saab Granturismo, the Saab Formula Junior and the Saab Quantum. The engine had a combined belt driven DC dynamo and a coolant water pump.
The Saab Formula Junior used a 'bored-out' horizontally mounted 950 cc (58 cu in) version which utilized two dual Solex carburettors developing some 95 hp (71 kW). One of these carburettors was divided in half, thus providing three chokes, one for each cylinder.
The 841 cc (51.3 cu in) engine used in the 1966 Saab 96 used pre-mix oil and appeared with a three-throat Solex carburetor in which the center carburetor handled start, idle, and low speed functions, increasing the power to 42 hp (31 kW). The same carburetor had been used in the Saab 96 Monte Carlo and Sport models. The use of a common throttle shaft minimized carburetor synchronization problems.
The 1958-59 Sports version of the 93B had 48–50 hp (36–37 kW) in base version and 57 hp (43 kW) in the super version. This model had triple carburetors and a motor oil injection system, rather than oil pre-mixed with the petrol.
From 1959 the displacement was raised to 841 cc (51.3 cu in) with 38 hp (28 kW). For model year 1966, the 'standard' 3-cylinder two-stroke engine had three individual carburetors. From model year 1967 Saab began replacing their 3-cylinder with the Ford Taunus V4 engine.
A special version known as the 'Shrike' was built for the United States 1967 and 1968 model years. It was sleeved down to 795 cc (48.5 cu in) to avoid US emission regulations which exempted engines under 50 cu in (819 cc). [1]
Saab also made some experimental V6 engines by mounting two three-cylinder two-stroke engines together at an angle. One of these experiments had carburetors mounted outside of the V, while another had a more conventional design with a carburetor in between the two blocks.
Initially all two-stroke engines were built at the Saab Trollhättan plant, however in 1953 engines and gearbox production [2] was moved to an old washing machine factory in Gothenburg. [3]
When Saab discontinued production of the two stroke engine and replaced it with a four stroke V4 engine built by Ford in Germany, the plant in Gothenburg never again produced engines, however this was as the production capacity was needed for the increased demand of gearboxes due to the introduction of the Saab 99 a few years later.
A V4 engine is a four-cylinder piston engine where the cylinders share a common crankshaft and are arranged in a V configuration.
A straight-three engine is a three-cylinder piston engine where cylinders are arranged in a line along a common crankshaft.
The Saab 95 is a seven-seater, two-door station wagon produced by Swedish automaker Saab from 1959 to 1978.
The Saab 96 is an automobile manufactured and marketed by Swedish automaker Saab from 1960 to January 1980, replacing the Saab 93. The 96 featured aerodynamic two-door bodywork, four-passenger seating and at first a two-stroke, three-cylinder engine, later a four-stroke V4.
The Saab Granturismo was a series of up-powered sedans sold by Saab Automobile AB from 1958 to 1968. They were powered by three-cylinder, two-stroke engines until the 1967 model year. Most variants were distinguished from the standard model by twin metal stripes along the rocker panels.
The Saab Sonett is an automobile manufactured by Swedish automaker Saab between 1955 and 1957 and again between 1966 and 1974. Sonetts share engines and other components with Saab 93, 95 and 96 of the same era. It was mainly intended for the lucrative American export market and was only offered intermittently in the Swedish domestic market.
The BMW M30 is a SOHC straight-six petrol engine which was produced from 1968 to 1995. With a production run of 27 years, it is BMW's longest produced engine and was used in many car models.
The Ford Pinto engine was the unofficial name for a four-cylinder internal combustion engine built by Ford Europe. In Ford sales literature, it was referred to as the EAO or OHC engine and because it was designed to the metric system, it was sometimes called the "metric engine". The internal Ford codename for the unit was the T88-series engine. European Ford service literature refers to it as the Taunus In-Line engine. In North America it was known as the Lima In-Line (LL), or simply the Lima engine due to its being manufactured at Lima Engine in Lima, Ohio.
The Ford Taunus V4 engine is a 60° V4 piston engine with one balance shaft, introduced by Ford Motor Company in Germany in 1962. The German V4 was built in the Cologne plant and powered the Ford Taunus and German versions of the Consul, Capri, and Transit.
The Jaguar XK is an inline 6-cylinder dual overhead camshaft (DOHC) engine produced by Jaguar Cars between 1949 and 1992. Introduced as a 3.4-litre, it earned fame on both the road and track, being produced in five hemispherical head displacements between 2.4 and 4.2-litres for Jaguar passenger cars, with other sizes being made by Jaguar and privateers for racing. A de-rated version was also used in certain military vehicles built by Alvis and Daimler.
The BMW M10 is a SOHC inline-4 petrol engine which was produced by BMW from 1962-1988. It was the company's first four-cylinder engine since the BMW 309 ended production in 1936 and was introduced in the New Class sedans.
The Ford Essex V6 engine is a 60° V6 engine built between 1966 and 1988 by the Ford Motor Company in the United Kingdom and until 2000 in South Africa although mostly in the Ford engine plant of Dagenham, Essex, which gave the engine its name. It is closely related to the Ford Essex V4 engine produced in displacements of 1.7 L and 2.0 L. Both engines share many parts since the Essex V6 was directly derived from the Essex V4; the 2.0 L Essex V4 and the 3.0 L Essex V6 in fact have exactly the same bore and stroke and share various components. In the same era, the Ford Cologne V6 engine was produced.
The Ford Cologne V6 is a series of 60° cast iron block V6 engines produced by the Ford Motor Company from 1962 to 2011 in displacements between 1.8 L; 110.6 cu in (1,812 cc) and 4.0 L; 244.6 cu in (4,009 cc). Originally, the Cologne V6 was installed in vehicles intended for Germany and Continental Europe, while the unrelated British Essex V6 was used in cars for the British market. Later, the Cologne V6 largely replaced the Essex V6 for British-market vehicles. These engines were also used in the United States, especially in compact trucks.
The Billancourt engine was an automotive engine designed by Renault for the Renault 4CV, used subsequently until 1985. It later received the internal code "B", for Billancourt. The "sport" version is called Ventoux engine.
The Ford Sidevalve is a side valve from the British arm of the Ford Motor Company, often also referred to as the "English Sidevalve". The engine had its origins in the 1930s Ford Model Y, and was made in two sizes, 933 cc (56.9 cu in) or "8 HP", and 1,172 cc (71.5 cu in) or "10 HP". The early engines did not have a water pump as standard, instead relying on thermosiphon cooling as the Model T engine had. A water pump was added in 1953 for the 100E models when the engine was re-engineered to the point that few specifications are identical between the early and the later series. The Sidevalve engine was used in many smaller Fords as well as farm vehicles, commercial vehicles and a marine version in boats. Production of the engine was stopped in 1962. Windscreen wipers were often driven by the vacuum generated in the inlet manifold.
The BMW New Class was a line of sedans and coupes produced by German automaker BMW between 1962 and 1972. These models ensured BMW's solvency after the company's financial crisis of the 1950s and established the identity of BMW automobiles as sports sedans.
The E-series was a line of inline four-cylinder automobile engines designed and built by Honda for use in their cars in the 1970s and 1980s. These engines were notable for the use of CVCC technology, introduced in the ED1 engine in the 1975 Civic, which met 1970s emissions standards without using a catalytic converter.
The Nissan L series of automobile engines was produced from 1966 through 1986 in both inline-four and inline-six configurations ranging from 1.3 L to 2.8 L. It is a two-valves per cylinder SOHC non-crossflow engine, with an iron block and an aluminium head. It was most notable as the engine of the Datsun 510, Datsun 240Z sports car, and the Nissan Maxima. These engines are known for their reliability, durability, and parts interchangeability.
The BMW OHV V8 is an overhead valve V8 petrol engine produced from 1954 to 1965. It is BMW's first V8 engine, and BMW did not produce another V8 automobile engine until the BMW M60 in 1992.