Sarmi Indonesian: Sarmi | |
|---|---|
  Sarmi Location in Western New Guinea | |
| Coordinates: 01°51′09.4″S138°45′02.7″E / 1.852611°S 138.750750°E | |
| Country |  Indonesia |
| Region | Papua |
| Province |  Papua |
| Regency | Sarmi Regency |
| Area | |
| • Total | 419 km2 (162 sq mi) |
| Population (mid 2022 estimate) | |
| • Total | 14,093 |
| • Density | 34/km2 (87/sq mi) |
| [1] | |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Indonesia Eastern Time) |
| Climate | Af |
Sarmi is a coastal town and the administrative center of Sarmi Regency in the province of Papua in Indonesia.
The town resides on the Sarmi Peninsula along the Pacific or north coast of the main island of New Guinea.
The nearby Kumamba Islands are located 10 miles to the north of the Sarmi Peninsula.
Sarmi has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy rainfall year-round.
| Climate data for Sarmi (2007–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.2 (88.2) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.3 (88.3) | 31.5 (88.7) | 31.5 (88.7) | 31.1 (88.0) | 30.7 (87.3) | 31.0 (87.8) | 30.9 (87.6) | 31.3 (88.3) | 31.6 (88.9) | 31.5 (88.7) | 31.2 (88.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 23.0 (73.4) | 22.7 (72.9) | 23.4 (74.1) | 22.9 (73.2) | 23.4 (74.1) | 23.4 (74.1) | 23.2 (73.8) | 23.2 (73.8) | 23.5 (74.3) | 23.2 (73.8) | 23.5 (74.3) | 23.6 (74.5) | 23.3 (73.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 224.3 (8.83) | 196.2 (7.72) | 208.3 (8.20) | 186.3 (7.33) | 213.0 (8.39) | 217.7 (8.57) | 212.0 (8.35) | 203.1 (8.00) | 174.4 (6.87) | 164.7 (6.48) | 229.1 (9.02) | 285.2 (11.23) | 2,514.3 (98.99) |
| Average precipitation days | 13.6 | 14.4 | 14.6 | 11.8 | 12.4 | 13.1 | 12.6 | 11.8 | 11.1 | 10.5 | 11.9 | 14.3 | 152.1 |
| Source: Meteomanz [2] | |||||||||||||
In the Papua Railway Development Plan, the province of Papua planned to build a railway connecting Jayapura, Sarmi, Nabire, and finally to connect the first phase of the project in Manokwari, and another branch to connect to Timika. Related issues are still under study. [4] Detailed design and environmental impact studies on the 205 km Sarmi - Jayapura section took place in 2016-17, with land procurement starting in 2018-19, and construction starting after that.
Papua is a province of Indonesia, comprising the northern coast of Western New Guinea together with island groups in Cenderawasih Bay to the west. It roughly follows the borders of Papuan customary region of Tabi Saireri. It is bordered by nation of Papua New Guinea to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the north, Cenderawasih Bay to the west, and the provinces of Central Papua and Highland Papua to the south. The province also shares maritime boundaries with Palau in the Pacific. Following the splitting off of twenty regencies to create the three new provinces of Central Papua, Highland Papua, and South Papua on 30 June 2022, the residual province is divided into eight regencies and one city (kota), the latter being the provincial capital of Jayapura. The province has a large potential in natural resources, such as gold, nickel, petroleum, etc. Papua, along with five other Papuan provinces, has a higher degree of autonomy level compared to other Indonesian provinces.
Jayapura is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of Papua. It is situated on the northern coast of New Guinea island and covers an area of 940.0 km2 (362.9 sq mi). The city borders the Pacific Ocean and Yos Sudarso Bay to the north, the country of Papua New Guinea to the east, Keerom Regency to the south, and Jayapura Regency to the west.
West Papua, formerly Irian Jaya Barat, is an Indonesian province located in Indonesia Papua. It covers most of the two western peninsulas of the island of New Guinea: the eastern half of the Bird's Head Peninsula and the whole of the Bomberai Peninsula, along with nearby smaller islands. The province is bordered to the north by the Pacific Ocean, to the west by Southwest Papua Province, the Halmahera Sea and the Ceram Sea, to the south by the Banda Sea, and to the east by the province of Central Papua and the Cenderawasih Bay. Manokwari is the province's capital and largest city. With an estimated population of 569,570 in mid-2023, West Papua is the least populous province in Indonesia after South Papua, following the separation off in 2022 of the western half of the Bird's Head Peninsula to create the new province of Southwest Papua, containing 52% of what had been West Papua's population.Its population density is similar to Russia.
Wewak is the capital of the East Sepik province of Papua New Guinea. It is on the northern coast of the island of New Guinea. It is the largest town between Madang and Jayapura. It is the see city (seat) of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Wewak.
Western New Guinea, also known as Papua, Indonesian New Guinea, and Indonesian Papua, is the western half of the island of New Guinea, formerly Dutch and granted to Indonesia in 1962. Given the island is alternatively named Papua, the region is also called West Papua.
The approximately 450 Oceanic languages are a branch of the Austronesian languages. The area occupied by speakers of these languages includes Polynesia, as well as much of Melanesia and Micronesia. Though covering a vast area, Oceanic languages are spoken by only two million people. The largest individual Oceanic languages are Eastern Fijian with over 600,000 speakers, and Samoan with an estimated 400,000 speakers. The Gilbertese (Kiribati), Tongan, Tahitian, Māori and Tolai languages each have over 100,000 speakers. The common ancestor which is reconstructed for this group of languages is called Proto-Oceanic.
The North New Guinea languages of Papua New Guinea and Indonesia form a possible linkage of Western Oceanic languages. They have been in heavy contact with Papuan languages.
The Sarmi-Jayapura Bay languages consist of half a dozen languages spoken on the northern coast of Papua province of Indonesia:
Manokwari is a coastal town and the capital of the Indonesian province of West Papua. It is one of only seven provincial capitals of Indonesia without a city status. It is also the administrative seat of Manokwari Regency. However, under proposals currently under consideration by the Indonesian Parliament, it is planned to split Manokwari town off from the regency and turn it into a separate city. The majority of Manokwari residents are Christians and the town is one of the seats of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Manokwari–Sorong.
Anus, or Korur, is an Austronesian language spoken on an island in Jayapura Bay, east of the Tor River in Papua province of Indonesia. It is one of the Sarmi languages.
The Bird's Head Peninsula or Doberai Peninsula is a large peninsula that makes up the northwest portion of the island of New Guinea, comprising the Indonesian provinces of Southwest Papua and West Papua. It is often referred to as The Vogelkop, and is so named because its shape looks like a bird's head on the island of New Guinea. The peninsula at the opposite end of the island is called the Bird's Tail Peninsula. The peninsula just to the south is called the Bomberai Peninsula.
New Guinea is the world's second-largest island, with an area of 785,753 km2 (303,381 sq mi). Located in Melanesia in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is separated from Australia by the 150-kilometre wide Torres Strait, though both landmasses lie on the same continental shelf, and were united during episodes of low sea level in the Pleistocene glaciations as the combined landmass of Sahul. Numerous smaller islands are located to the west and east. The island's name was given by Spanish explorer Yñigo Ortiz de Retez during his maritime expedition of 1545 due to the resemblance of the indigenous peoples of the island to those in the African region of Guinea.
Jayapura Regency is one of the regencies (kabupaten) in Papua Province of Indonesia. It is situated to the west of but does not include the city of Jayapura. Previously covering most of the north-east portion of Papua province, it was reduced substantially in extent from 12 November 2002, when the eastern districts were split off to form a new Keerom Regency and the western districts were split off to form a new Sarmi Regency. It now covers an area of 17,516.6 km2 (but see Note (h) under table below), and had a population of 111,943 at the 2010 Census and 166,171 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 171,670. The administrative centre is the town of Sentani, which had 24,482 inhabitants in mid 2022 in the 20.562 of its town (kelurahan) area.
Sarmi Regency is one of the regencies (kabupaten) in Papua Province of Indonesia. It was formed from the western districts which had until then been part of Jayapura Regency with effect from 12 November 2002. It covers an area of 18,034.0 km2, and had a population of 32,971 at the 2010 Census and 41,515 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 42,680. The regency's administrative centre is at the town of Sarmi.
Hatam is a divergent language spoken on the island of New Guinea, specifically in the Indonesian province of West Papua.
Podena (Fedan) is one of the Austronesian Sarmi languages spoken on the coast of Jayapura Bay and on a nearby island in the Papua province of Indonesia.
Yamna, also known as Sunum, is an Austronesian language spoken on the coast and an island of Jayapura Bay in Papua province, Indonesia.
Major TNI Marthen Indey (1912–1986) was a colonial police officer in New Guinea, Dutch East Indies who later became nationalist fighter in the Indonesian National Revolution and a supporter of Papua becoming part of Indonesia. He was declared a National Hero of Indonesia in 1993 along with two other people of Papuan descent, Frans Kaisiepo and Silas Papare.
Southwest Papua is the 38th province of Indonesia to be created, and was split off from West Papua on 8 December 2022. Despite being named southwest, it is a misnomer and this province is actually located in the northwest edge of Papua. The province comprises the Greater Sorong area which consists of Sorong City, Sorong Regency, South Sorong Regency, Maybrat Regency, Tambrauw Regency, and Raja Ampat Regency. The Bill (RUU) on the Establishment of the Southwest Papua Province was passed into law and therefore it became the 38th province in Indonesia with effect from 8 December 2022.
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