| Savoryellomycetidae | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Sordariomycetes |
| Subclass: | Savoryellomycetidae Hongsanan, K.D. Hyde & Maharachch.,Fungal Diversity 84: 35 in 2017 [1] |
| Orders | |
Savoryellomycetidae is a subclass of sac fungi within the class of Sordariomycetes. It contains 4 known orders of Conioscyphales, Fuscosporellales, Pleurotheciales and Savoryellales. [2] [3]
In 2011, Boonyuen et al. introduced the order Savoryellales, but without designating a family (or class) to it. [4]
Then in 2015, the family Savoryellaceae (located in the Savoryellales order) was established by botanists Jaklitsch and Réblová, and was typified by the genus Savoryella . [5] Orders Fuscosporellales (formed in 2016, [6] ) and Savoryellales were initially placed in class Hypocreomycetidae (Sordariomycetes). [6] [4]
According to Maharachchikumbura et al. (2016b) and Yang et al. (2016b). Conioscyphales (founded in 2015, [7] ) were originally placed within Diaporthomycetidae class, genera incertae sedis, while other orders such as Fuscosporellales, Pleurotheciales, and Savoryellales were included in the subclass Hypocreomycetidae. [8] [6]
Pleurotheciales (also formed in 2015, [7] ) is the largest order in Savoryellomycetidae with a large proportion of species known from freshwater habitats. [9] It was initially placed within Hypocreomycetidae (Sordariomycetes). [8] [10] [11]
Hongsanan et al. (2017), [1] and Hyde et al. (2017), [12] suggested according to phylogenetic and molecular clock analyses with combined ITS, LSU, SSU and rpb2 sequence data. [1] That the stem age of the subclass Sordariomycetes falls in the range of 250–289 Mya (million years ago) hence, Savoryellales was then placed in a new subclass Savoryellomycetidae as its emergence goes back to early Mesozoic (201–252 Mya). [13] [14]
The orders Conioscyphales, Fuscosporellales, Pleurotheciales, and Savoryellales are grouped together as a distinct clade, with a stem age of 268 mya. [1] This was then later supported by other studies included a paper by Dayarathne et al. (2019a). [13] [2]
The stem age of Pleurotheciales is around 143 Mya, while it was reported as 139 Mya in Hongsanan et al. (2017); [1] Conioscyphales, the sister clade of Pleurotheciales, evolved at the stem age of 180 Mya. Further, Fuscosporellales and Savoryellales have evolved at the stem ages of 249 Mya and 213 Mya, respectively. Therefore, order level status within Savoryellomycetidae range from 143–249 Mya, with families having crown ages of 104–182 Mya. [13] Dayarathne et al. (2019a) results indicate that the most basal group of marine-based taxa are represented within Lulworthiales, which diverged from ancestral Sordariomycetes around 149 Mya (91–209) and Savoryellomycetidae around 213 Mya (198–303). [13]
In 2019, based on the outline and multi gene phylogeny of freshwater Sordariomycetes were scattered in six sub-classes, including; Diaporthomycetidae, Hypocreomycetidae , Lulworthiomycetidae , Savoryellomycetidae, Sordariomycetidae and Xylariomycetidae . [15] In 2019, five subclades comprising Conioscyphaceae , Fuscosporellaceae , Pleurotheciaceae and Savoryellaceae , and a clade with Ascotaiwania hughesii (DAOM 241947, P2-6) strains and Monotosporella setosa (HKUCC 3713) were also recognized within the subclass Savoryellomycetidae. [13] [10]
In a second multi-locus phylogenetic analysis in 2021, a total of seven subclasses (Diaporthomycetidae, Hypocreomycetidae, Lulworthiomycetidae, Pisorisporiomycetidae, Savoryellomycetidae, Sordariomycetidae and Xylariomycetidae) in Sordariomycetes, as well as Pseudocoleodictyospora and its relatives in Dothideomycetes were included in the later dataset. [9]
Currently there are four orders and four families in this subclass. [16]
Savoryellomycetidae genera incertae sedis; Flammispora Pinruan et al., Stud Mycol 50(2): 384 (2004), [15] (includes Flammispora biotecaPinruan et al. and Flammispora pulchraRaja & Shearer. [17]
It has a scattered distribution worldwide, including Southern Europe, [18] and China. [19]
Sordariomycetes is a class of fungi in the subdivision Pezizomycotina (Ascomycota). It is the second-largest class of Ascomycota, with a worldwide distribution that mostly accommodates terrestrial based taxa, although several can also be found in aquatic habitats. Some are phytopathogens that can cause leaf, stem, and root diseases in a wide variety of hosts, while other genera can cause diseases in arthropods and mammals.
Hypocreomycetidae is a subclass of sac fungi.
Jobellisia is a genus of fungi within the monotypic family Jobellisiaceae and the monotypic order Jobellisiales and also the subclass Hypocreomycetidae, and class Sordariomycetes. The genus was circumscribed by Margaret Elizabeth Barr-Bigelow in 1993 with Jobellisia luteola as the type species. It contains species that grow on dead wood and bark in tropical and temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
The Trichosphaeriales are an order of sac fungi. It is monotypic, and consists of the single family, the Trichosphaeriaceae. In 2017, the family of Trichosphaeriaceae was placed in Diaporthomycetidae families incertae sedis, which was accepted by Wijayawardene et al. (2018), and Wijayawardene et al. 2020. The order of Trichosphaeriales was also unplaced. They are generally saprobic and pathogenic on plants, commonly isolated from herbivore dung.
The Magnaporthales are an order of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes and subclass Diaporthomycetidae. It has several water based species and genera.
Myrmecridium is a genus of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes. It was circumscribed in 2007 and is distinguished from similar fungi by having entirely hyaline (translucent) vegetative hyphae and widely scattered, pimple-shaped denticles on the long hyaline rachis. The generic name derives from a combination of the Ancient Greek word "myrmekia", meaning "wart", and the suffix "-ridium" from "Chloridium".
Glomerellales is an order of ascomycetous fungi within the subclass Hypocreomycetidae (Sordariomycetes). The order includes saprobes, endophytes and pathogens on plants, animals and other fungi with representatives found all over the world in varying habitats.
Diaporthomycetidae is a subclass of sac fungi under the class Sordariomycetes.
The Neoschizotheciaceae are a family of fungi in the Ascomycota, class Sordariomycetes and order Sordariales.
Conioscyphales is an order of freshwater and terrestrial fungi within the division Ascomycota. It is in the subclass Savoryellomycetidae and the class Sordariomycetes and the subdivision of Pezizomycotina.
Fuscosporellales is an order of fungi within the phylum of Ascomycota and in the class Sordariomycetes and subdivision of Pezizomycotina.
Savoryellaceae is a family of aquatic based fungi. It is the only family in the monotypic order Savoryellales within the class Sordariomycetes, division Ascomycota.
Savoryella is a genus of freshwater and marine based fungi in the family Savoryellaceae and the order Savoryellales.
Pisorisporiales is an order of fungi within the phylum of Ascomycota and in the class Sordariomycetes and subdivision of Pezizomycotina and also its own subclass Pisorisporiomycetidae.
Pleurotheciaceae is a family of ascomycetous fungi within the monotypic order of Pleurotheciales in the subclass Savoryellomycetidae and within the class Sordariomycetes.
Pararamichloridium is a genus of fungi in the monotypic family Pararamichloridiaceae and within the monotypic order of Pararamichloridiales and also in the subclass Hypocreomycetidae. They are saprobic on wood in terrestrial and freshwater habitats.
The Torpedosporales are an order of marine based fungi in the class Sordariomycetes, subclass Hypocreomycetidae. Most are found on wood substrates in the water.
Etheirophoraceae is a family of ascomycetous marine based fungi within the order of Torpedosporales in the subclass Hypocreomycetidae and within the class Sordariomycetes. They are saprobic on intertidal wood and bark within marine habitats.
Torpedosporaceae is a monotypic family of ascomycetous marine based fungi within the order of Torpedosporales in the subclass Hypocreomycetidae and within the class Sordariomycetes. They are saprobic on intertidal mangrove wood and roots, bark leaves, and sand in various marine habitats.
Falcocladium is a genus of fungi, within the monotypic family FalcocladiaceaeSomrith., E.B.G. Jones & K.L. Pang, and within the monotypic order FalcocladialesR.H. Perera, Maharachch., Somrith., Suetrong & K.D. Hyde, within the class Dothideomycetes. They are saprobic on leaf litter, including the leaves of Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus camaldulensis in tropical and terrestrial habitats.