Senecio coronatus

Last updated

Senecio coronatus
Senecio coronatus01.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Senecio
Species:
S. coronatus
Binomial name
Senecio coronatus
(Thunb.) Harv., 1865
Synonyms
  • Cineraria coronata Thunb.
  • Senecio lachnorhizus O.Hoffm.
  • Senecio lasiorhizoides Sch.Bip.
  • Senecio lasiorhizus DC. [1]
Senecio coronatus02.jpg

Senecio coronatus (Thunb.) Harv. aka the woolly grassland senecio is a plant in the family Asteraceae, endemic to and widespread in Southern Africa, occurring in the moister southern and eastern regions. [2]

It is perennial with large, leathery, broadly elliptic, erect leaves growing from a large, underground rootstock with a woolly covering. Up to 20 capitula are arranged in a terminal cluster, each with some 10 slender yellow ray florets. [3]

rootstock very woolly; stem herbaceous, erect, ribstriate, terete, loosely woolly below, cobwebbed, becoming glabrous above, ending in a few-headed corymb; lower leaves broadly ovate or oblong-obovate, tapering at base into a petiole, subacute, penninerved, minutely calloso-crenulate, the younger loosely cobwebbed, older glabrous, rigid; upper sessile, stem-clasping, ovate, oblong or lanceolate, smaller upwards; corymb 3–20-headed, simple or branched, the pedicels long, naked; heads many-fl. radiate; inv. calycled with long, subulate bracteoles, glabrous or cobwebbed, of 20 or more, keeled, subulate scales; achenes short, subcompressed, variably hairy. Rootstock thick, very woolly. Stem 6 inches to 2 feet high, sparsely leafy, nude above. Root-leaves several, on longer or shorter petioles, 3–6 inches long, 1 1/2–3 inches broad, varying considerably in comparative length and breadth. Cauline leaves few and distant, broad or narrow. Young parts loosely cobwebbed. Heads like those of S. Albanensis. Rays numerous and long, yellow. Achenes sometimes densely, sometimes sparsely hairy. Var. β. is more slender, with smaller leaves and heads; but otherwise the same.

Flora Capensis, Vol 3, page 44, (1894) - William Henry Harvey

Phytochemicals

This species is capable of concentrating the toxic element nickel in its leaves, a strategy which appears to be an effective deterrent against herbivory. [4] [5]

Related Research Articles

Senecio transmarinus is a sometimes straggling member of the flowering plants Asteraceae and species of the genus Senecio a perennial herb that grows on the higher elevations of the Rwenzori Mountains in Uganda. It is also found in Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The inflorescences consist of several flowerheads with large yellow ray florets.

Senecio maranguensis a 2-meter (6 foot) woody shrub or 6 meter (20 feet) climbing shrub from the family Asteraceae and species of the genus Senecio which makes its home at the same altitudes as the bamboo on the slopes of the mountains in East Africa.

Senecio mattirolii is a perennial herb of the family Asteraceae endemic to altitudes between 3600–4500 meters on the slopes of the mountains of the Ruwenzori Mountains in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo and an atypical species of the genus Senecio because it has purple flowers.

<i>Cineraria deltoidea</i>

Cineraria deltoidea is a perennial flowering plant of the family Asteraceae and the genus Cineraria who is also the closest known relative of the giant Dendrosenecio of East Africa.

<i>Senecio madagascariensis</i>

Senecio madagascariensis, also known as Madagascar ragwort, is a species of the genus Senecio and family Asteraceae that is native to Southern Africa. Other common names include Madagascar groundsel and fireweed. It has been included on the noxious weeds list for Hawaii and the reject list for Australia. S.madagascariensis is the diploid cytotype of S.inaequidens.

Eupatorium amabile is a shrubby plant in the family Asteraceae native China and Taiwan.

<i>Eupatorium japonicum</i>

Eupatorium japonicum, known as fragrant eupatorium in English and 白头婆 bai tou po, in Chinese, is a herbaceous plant species in Asteraceae. It is native to China, Japan and Korea.

Cephalorrhynchus is a genus of flowering plants in the dandelion family.

<i>Senecio aronicoides</i>

Senecio aronicoides is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name rayless ragwort. It is native to Oregon and northern and central California, where it can be found in the woodlands and forests of mountains and foothills, often in relatively dry habitat. It is a biennial or perennial herb growing up to about 90 centimeters tall from a fleshy root attached to a buttonlike caudex. The plant is often slightly woolly or cobwebby in texture. The leaves have lance-shaped to oval blades measuring up to 20 centimeters long, the largest ones lower on the stem. The inflorescence is a corymb which is flat and spreading, often resembling an umbel. The flower heads are cups lined with black- or green-tipped phyllaries and filled with many gold disc florets. There are usually no ray florets but one or two occasionally emerge from a head. The fruit is a hairless achene tipped with a pappus of long, white bristles.

<i>Vernonia gigantea</i>

Vernonia gigantea is a species of perennial plant from family Asteraceae found in United States and Canada. The plant is native to the eastern United States, north to New York state and Ontario, and southwest to Texas.

<i>Psychotria capensis</i>

The Bird-berry is a southern African evergreen shrub or small tree. It belongs to a genus which is used medicinally in many regions, 'Psychotria' being from the Greek for 'rejuvenating', in reference to the healing properties of certain species. Kew lists some 2,000 species of Psychotria growing throughout the warmer regions of both hemispheres, but only two of them occur in southern Africa, namely P. capensis and P. zombamontana.

<i>Logfia filaginoides</i>

Logfia filaginoides, also called herba impia or cottonrose, is a small annual plant in the sunflower family (Asteraceae), found in the Southwestern United States.

<i>Pearsonia cajanifolia</i>

Pearsonia cajanifolia (Harv.) Polhill is a South African shrublet belonging to the family of Fabaceae, and one of 13 species in the genus, usually herbs or shrublets with woody rootstocks and all occurring in Africa south of the equator with the exception of 1 species found on Madagascar. P. cajanifolia is commonly found in submontane grassland, at altitudes 1350–2100 m, in the South African provinces of Free State, Gauteng, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, and North West, also in Zimbabwe and Malawi.

<i>Clematis hedysarifolia</i> Species of flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae

Clematis hedysarifolia is a liana, endemic to peninsular India, belonging to the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). It was described by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle and published in Regni Vegetabilis Systema Naturale 1: 148, in 1817.

<i>Helichrysum splendidum</i>

Helichrysum splendidum is a species of flowering plant in the sunflower family Asteraceae, found in Africa and Yemen A hardy evergreen perennial, it occurs from the Southern Cape to Ethiopia along the eastern escarpment mountains, favouring rocky places in fynbos, grassland and savanna biomes. It forms mound-shaped aggregations 1–2 meters high, sometimes covering entire hillsides. The species is found in South Africa, Swaziland, Lesotho, Tanzania, Ethiopia, South Sudan, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Zambia and Yemen. The distribution of this species is clearly anthropogenic, that is, closely linked to the movements of man through the ages.

<i>Aspilia mossambicensis</i>

Aspilia mossambicensis also known as Wild sunflower is a medicinally useful herbaceous plant of the family Compositae (Asteraceae). It is widespread with an anthropogenic distribution in central and Eastern tropical Africa from Ethiopia, through East Africa, the Congo, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Mozambique and South Africa.

Herb or shrub 0.5–1 m or straggling bush to 2.5 m high; branches scabrid. Leaves sessile to shortly petiolate, ovate or elliptic, 2–12´1–3 cm, base cuneate, margins entire or serrate, apex acute or attenuate, scabrid on both surfaces, somewhat 3‑nerved from base; petiole up to 1 cm long. Capitula in loose paniculate corymbs, on stalks to 7 cm long; involucre 4–7 mm high; outer phyllaries yellowish near base, green near apex, hispid‑pubescent; paleae 5–7 mm long, keeled with a dark midrib. Ray florets 8–13, bright yellow, rays 6–20 mm long, glabrous or pubescent above; disk florets yellow, 5–6.5 mm long, often with dark stripes along the tube. Achenes brown, obovoid, 4–5 mm long, pilose; pappus of several connate scales to 0.4 mm long and 1–2 barbellate aristae 1–3 mm long.

<i>Symphyotrichum ontarionis</i> A flowering plant in the family Asteraceae native to eastern and central North America

Symphyotrichum ontarionis is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae native to eastern North America. Commonly known as Ontario aster, bottomland aster, and aster du lac Ontario (French), it is a perennial, herbaceous plant that may reach 120 centimeters high. As composite flowers, each flower head has many tiny florets put together into what appear as one, as do all plants in the family Asteraceae.

<i>Symphyotrichum racemosum</i> A flowering plant in the family Asteraceae native to North America

Symphyotrichum racemosum is a species of flowering plant native to parts of North America. It is known as smooth white oldfield aster, small white aster, and aster à grappes (French). It is a perennial, herbaceous plant in the family Asteraceae. It is a late-summer and fall blooming flower.

Salix chikungensis is a shrub in the willow genus Salix with tomentose hairy and later balding branches. The leaf blades have lengths of 6 to 8.5 centimeters. The natural range of the species is in China.

Salix contortiapiculata is a tall shrub from the genus of willow (Salix) with 5 to 9 centimeter long leaf blades. The natural range of the species is in China.

References

  1. "Senecio coronatus (Thunb.) Harv. — The Plant List". www.theplantlist.org.
  2. CJB, CJB, DSIC, Cyrille Chatelain -. "CJB - African plant database - Detail". www.ville-ge.ch.
  3. "Senecio coronatus - Overview - Encyclopedia of Life". Encyclopedia of Life.
  4. Boyd, Robert S; Davis, Micheal A; Wall, Michael A; Balkwill, Kevin (2002). "Nickel defends the South African hyperaccumulator Senecio coronatus (Asteraceae) against Helix aspersa (Mollusca: Pulmonidae)". Chemoecology. 12 (2): 91. doi:10.1007/s00049-002-8331-3. S2CID   20032054.
  5. Boyd, R.S; Davis, M.A; Balkwill, K (2008). "Elemental patterns in Ni hyperaccumulating and non-hyperaccumulating ultramafic soil populations of Senecio coronatus". South African Journal of Botany. 74: 158–162. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2007.08.013 .