September 14 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

The Eastern Orthodox cross

September 13 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - September 15

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on September 27 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar. ^{[note 1]}

For September 14th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on September 1 .

Feasts

• The Universal Exaltation of the Precious and Life-giving Cross . ^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [note 2] [note 3] [note 4] [note 5]}

Saints

• Martyr Papas of Lycaonia (305) ^{[2] [3] [4] [12]} (see also: March 16 )
• Martyr Theocles, by the sword. ^{[3] [4] [13]}
• Child-martyr Valerianus, by the sword. ^{[3] [4] [14]}
• Saint Placilla the Empress (Aelia Flaccilla), wife of St. Theodosius the Great (400) ^{[2] [3] [4] [15]}
• Saint Maria of Tarsus (607) ^{[2] [4]}
• Saint Pelagios of Lefkada, Bishop of Lefkada, who took part in the Sixth Ecumenical Council (7th century) ^[16]

Pre-Schism Western saints

• Saints Caerealis and Sallustia, martyred in Rome (251) ^{[17] [note 6] [note 7]}
• Saints Crescentian, Victor, Rosula and Generalis, martyrs in North Africa who suffered at the same time and place as St Cyprian (c. 258) ^{[11] [17]}
• Saint Crescentius of Rome, child-martyr, martyred in Rome (c. 300) ^{[17] [note 8] [note 9]}
• Saint Maternus II, Bishop of Cologne in Germany (c. 325) ^{[17] [note 10] [note 11]}
• Saint Cormac, probably the first Bishop of Cashel in Ireland (908) ^{[17] [note 12]}

Post-Schism Orthodox saints

• Venerable New Martyr Macarius of Thessaloniki and Mount Athos, disciple of St. Niphon, Patriarch of Constantinople (1527) ^{[2] [3] [4] [18]}
• Saint Gerasimos the New, founder of the sacred monastery of the Holy Trinity in Sourvia, near Makrinitsa (1740) ^[19]

Other commemorations

• Repose of St. John Chrysostom, Archbishop of Constantinople (407) ^{[2] [4] [5] [6] [20] [note 13] [note 14]}
• Holy Fathers of the Sixth Ecumenical Council (680-681) ^{[2] [3] [22]} (see also: January 23)
• Lesna Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos (1683) ^{[2] [4] [5] [6] [23]}
• Uncovering of the relics (2000) of Sts. Alexandra (1789), Martha (1829), and Helen (1832), of Diveyevo Monastery. ^{[2] [4]}
• The Appearance of the Sign of the Holy Cross over the church of St. John the Theologian at Mount Hymettus in suburban Athens, on the eve of the Feast of the Exaltation of the All-Honourable and Life-giving Cross (1925) ^{[24] [note 15]}
• Repose of Bishop Arsenius (Zhadanovsky) of Serpukhov (1937) ^[2]
• Repose of Archpriest Sergius Siderov of Kiev (1937) ^[2]
• Repose of Priest Michael Shik of Moscow (1937) ^[2]

Icon gallery

• 
  Elevation of the Precious and Life-giving Cross.
• 
  Elevation of the Precious and Life-giving Cross.
• 
  Orthodox Schema Cross.
• 
  Orthodox Cross set for veneration on the feast of The Universal Exaltation of the Precious and Life Giving Cross.
• 
  Martyr Papas of Lycaonia.
• 
  King Cormac of Cashel as bishop, warrior and scribe.

Notes

1. The notation Old Style or (OS) is sometimes used to indicate a date in the Julian Calendar (which is used by churches on the "Old Calendar").
   The notation New Style or (NS), indicates a date in the Revised Julian calendar (which is used by churches on the "New Calendar").
2. The Apolytikion of Elevation of the Holy Cross, in the First Tone, is as follows:

   • (in English) "Lord, save Your people and bless Your inheritance, granting victory to the Faithful over adversaries and protecting Your commonwealth by Your Cross." ^[8]
   • (in Greek) "Σώσον, Κύριε, τον λαόν Σου και ευλόγησον την κληρονομίαν Σου, νίκας τοις βασιλεύσι κατά βαρβάρων δωρούμενος και το σον φυλάττων, δια του Σταυρού Σου, πολίτευμα."

3. This feast commemorates two historical events:

   • First, the finding of the True Cross by the Empress Helena, mother of St. Constantine the Great, on Golgotha in 326 AD, the place where Christ was crucified. When the True Cross was identified, it was lifted on high for all the people to see, who then continually sang Kyrie eleison, a practice which is still enacted at current celebrations of this feast.
   • Second, the recovery of the True Cross by the forces of the Byzantine Empire in 627 AD, which had been captured by the Persians when they sacked Jerusalem in 614 AD (commemorated May 17th). Emperor Heraclius decisively defeated the Sassanid Persians at The Battle of Nineveh in 627, surrounding their capital Ctesiphon, recovering the True Cross, and breaking the power of the Sassanid dynasty. The Elevation took place on March 21, 630 AD, ^{[9] [10]} when Emperor Heraclius entered Jerusalem amidst great rejoicing, and together with Patriarch Zacharios of Jerusalem (609-632), transferred the Cross of Christ with great solemnity into the Temple of the Resurrection, joyously held up for veneration by the Christian faithful.

   This is one of the two feast days which is held as a strict fast, the other being the commemoration of the Beheading of St. John the Forerunner on August 29.
4. "THE Exaltation of the Holy Cross, when the emperor Heraclius, after defeating king Chosroes, brought it back to Jerusalem from Persia." ^[11]
5. Name days celebrated today include:
   • Stavros (Σταῦρος);
   • Stavroula (Σταυρούλα).
6. Caerealis, a soldier, and his wife Sallustia were martyred in Rome under Decius.
7. "On the same day, were condemned to capital punishment Caerealis, a soldier, and his wife Sallustia, who had been instructed in the faith by the same Cornelius (Bishop of Rome)." ^[11]
8. The son of St Euthymius, he was aged only eleven when he was brought from Perugia to Rome, bravely confessed Christ under torture and was beheaded under Diocletian.
9. "On the Salarian road, at Rome, during the persecution of Diocletian, St. Crescentius, the young son of St. Euthymius, who ended his life by the sword, under the judge Turpilius." ^[11]
10. "At Treves, the holy bishop Maternus, a disciple of the blessed apostle Peter, who brought to the faith of Christ the inhabitants of Tongres, Cologne, Treves, and of the neighboring country." ^[11]
11. Note, Maternus I is listed as the first Bishop of Cologne from c. 88–128. While Maternus II was Bishop of Cologne from c. 285–315, and was present as a council in Rome in 313. All names before Maternus II are to be approached with considerable skepticism.
12. The 'Psalter of Cashel' compiled by him still exists.
13. Due to the Feast of the Universal Exaltation of the Precious and Life-giving Cross on this day, the feast day of Saint John Chrysostom was moved to November 13th. ^[21]
14. "The same day, the birthday of St. John Chrysostom, bishop of Constantinople, who was sent into exile through the conspiracy of his enemies, but was recalled by a decree of the Sovereign Pontiff, Innocent I. He died on the way from the ill-treatment he received at the hands of the soldiers who guarded him. His feast is celebrated on the 27th of January, the day on which his sacred body was taken to Constantinople by Theodosius the Younger." ^[11]

15. • The First Appearance of the Cross occurred on October12, 312: Emperor Constantine the Great had a vision of the cross in broad daylight, with the inscription "En Touto Nika" ("In this sign you will conquer").
    • The Second Appearance of the Cross occurred on 7 May 346: View in Jerusalem in the time of Patriarch Cyril. All the people saw the Cross of divine light spreading from Golgotha to the Mount of Olives. ^[25]
    • The Third Appearance of the Cross occurred on 14 September 1925: Appearance of the Sign of the Cross over the church of St. John the Theologian at Mount Hymettus in suburban Athens, on the eve of the feast of the Exaltation of the All-Honourable and Life-giving Cross. ^[24]

References

1. Great Synaxaristes: (in Greek) Ὕψωσις τοῦ Τιμίου καὶ Ζωοποιοῦ Σταυροῦ. 14 Σεπτεμβρίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
2. September 14/September 27. Orthodox Calendar (PRAVOSLAVIE.RU).
3. (in Greek) Συναξαριστής. 14 Σεπτεμβρίου. ECCLESIA.GR. (H ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΑΔΟΣ).
4. September 27 / September 14. HOLY TRINITY RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH (A parish of the Patriarchate of Moscow).
5. (in Russian) 14 сентября по старому стилю / 27 сентября по новому стилю. Русская Православная Церковь - Православный церковный календарь на 2022 год.
6. (in Russian) 27 сентября (14 сентября). Православная Энциклопедия под редакцией Патриарха Московского и всея Руси Кирилла (электронная версия). (Orthodox Encyclopedia - Pravenc.ru).
7. The Universal Exaltation of the Precious and Life-Giving Cross. OCA - Lives of the Saints.
8. Rev. Spencer T. Kezios. Orthros for Sunday Resurrectional Hymns. Transl. Spencer T. Kezios, Protopresbyter. Narthex Press, 1998. p. 3.
9. Baynes, Norman H (1912). "The Restoration of the Cross at Jerusalem".The English Historical Review 27 (106): 287–299. p. 288. ISSN   0013-8266.
10. Kaegi, Walter Emil. Heraclius: Emperor of Byzantium. Cambridge University Press, 2003. p. 206. ISBN   0-521-81459-6.
11. The Roman Martyrology. Transl. by the Archbishop of Baltimore. Last Edition, According to the Copy Printed at Rome in 1914. Revised Edition, with the Imprimatur of His Eminence Cardinal Gibbons. Baltimore: John Murphy Company, 1916. pp. 282–283.
12. Great Synaxaristes: (in Greek) Ὁ Ἅγιος Πάπας ὁ Μάρτυρας. 14 Σεπτεμβρίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
13. Great Synaxaristes: (in Greek) Ὁ Ἅγιος Θεοκλὴς ὁ Μάρτυρας. 14 Σεπτεμβρίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
14. Great Synaxaristes: (in Greek) Ὁ Ἅγιος Βαλεριανὸς τὸ νήπιο. 14 Σεπτεμβρίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
15. Great Synaxaristes: (in Greek) Ἡ Ὁσία Πλακίλλα ἡ Εὐσεβέστατη Βασίλισσα. 14 Σεπτεμβρίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
16. (in Greek) Άγιος Πελάγιος Επίσκοπος Λευκάδος. Ορθόδοξος Συναξαριστής.
17. September 14. Latin Saints of the Orthodox Patriarchate of Rome.
18. Great Synaxaristes: (in Greek) Ὁ Ἅγιος Μακάριος ὁ Ὁσιομάρτυρας ὁ Νέος. 14 Σεπτεμβρίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
19. (in Greek) Όσιος Γεράσιμος κτήτορας της Ιεράς Μονής Αγίας Τριάδος Σουρβίας. Ορθόδοξος Συναξαριστής.
20. Repose of St John Chrysostom, Archbishop of Constantinople. OCA - Lives of the Saints.
21. (in Greek) 14/09/2022. Ορθόδοξος Συναξαριστής.
22. Great Synaxaristes: (in Greek) Μνήμη Ἁγίας ΣΤ’ Οἰκουμενικῆς Συνόδου. 14 Σεπτεμβρίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
23. Icon of the Mother of God of Lesna. OCA - Lives of the Saints.
24. The Appearance of the Sign of the Cross Near Athens in 1925. Orthodox Christian Information Center. Retrieved: September 29, 2022.

    • From: Orthodox Life, Vol. 22, No. 2 (March–April, 1972), pp. 18-20.

25. Great Synaxaristes: (in Greek) Μνήμη τοῦ ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ φανέντος σημείου τοῦ Τιμίου Σταυροῦ ἐπὶ Κωνσταντίου. 7 Μαΐου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.

Sources

• September 14/September 27. Orthodox Calendar (PRAVOSLAVIE.RU).
• September 27 / September 14. HOLY TRINITY RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH (A parish of the Patriarchate of Moscow).
• September 14. OCA - The Lives of the Saints.
• The Autonomous Orthodox Metropolia of Western Europe and the Americas (ROCOR). St. Hilarion Calendar of Saints for the year of our Lord 2004. St. Hilarion Press (Austin, TX). p. 69.
• The Fourteenth Day of the Month of September. Orthodoxy in China.
• September 14. Latin Saints of the Orthodox Patriarchate of Rome.
• The Roman Martyrology. Transl. by the Archbishop of Baltimore. Last Edition, According to the Copy Printed at Rome in 1914. Revised Edition, with the Imprimatur of His Eminence Cardinal Gibbons. Baltimore: John Murphy Company, 1916. pp. 282–283.
• Rev. Richard Stanton. A Menology of England and Wales, or, Brief Memorials of the Ancient British and English Saints Arranged According to the Calendar, Together with the Martyrs of the 16th and 17th Centuries. London: Burns & Oates, 1892. pp. 447–448.

Greek Sources

• Great Synaxaristes: (in Greek) 14 ΣΕΠΤΕΜΒΡΙΟΥ. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
• (in Greek) Συναξαριστής. 14 Σεπτεμβρίου. ECCLESIA.GR. (H ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΑΔΟΣ).
• (in Greek) 14/09/2022. Ορθόδοξος Συναξαριστής.

Russian Sources

• (in Russian) 27 сентября (14 сентября). Православная Энциклопедия под редакцией Патриарха Московского и всея Руси Кирилла (электронная версия). (Orthodox Encyclopedia - Pravenc.ru).
• (in Russian) 14 сентября по старому стилю / 27 сентября по новому стилю. Русская Православная Церковь - Православный церковный календарь на 2022 год.