Serruria effusa | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Order: | Proteales |
Family: | Proteaceae |
Genus: | Serruria |
Species: | S. effusa |
Binomial name | |
Serruria effusa Rourke, (1990) | |
IUCN distribution of the Candelabra spiderhead Extant (resident) |
Serruria effusa, the candelabra spiderhead, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape, where it occurs in the Olifants River Mountains and the Sederberg. The shrub is upright with a diameter of 1.5 m, one grows to 1.5 m high and bears flowers from August to September.
Fire destroys the plant but the seeds survive. Two months after flowering, the fruit falls and ants disperse the seeds. They store the seeds in their nests. The plant is bisexual. Pollination takes place through the action of insects. The plant grows at altitudes of 100–750 m.
This shrub was recorded for the first time by Schlechter in September 1894 at Alexandershoek in the Olifantsrivierberge. It has also been confused with Serruria cygnea.
Serruria aitonii, the marshmallow spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape and occurs from the Cederberg and Sandveld to the Groot-Winterhoek Mountains and Piketberg. The shrub is round and grows 1.0 m tall and flowers from July to November.
Serruria fucifolia, the northern spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape, South Africa.
Serruria lacunosa, the Matsikamma spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape and occurs on the Gifberg. The shrub grows up to 1.5 m tall and flowers from September to April.
Serruria bolusii, the Agulhas spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape and is found in Elim hills and Soetanysberg. The shrub grows upright to 1.0 m tall and flowers from August to December.
Serruria heterophylla, the spindly spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape and occurs near Kleinmond and the Klein River Mountains. The shrub grows erect, grows 1.0 m tall and flowers from July to October.
Serruria stellata, the star spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape, South Africa.
Serruria confragosa, the wavy spiderhead, is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape and occurs in the Koue Bokkeveld Mountains and Great Winterhoek Mountains. The shrub grows upright with few branches and grows 1.0 m tall, and flowers from September to November.
Serruria cygnea, the swan spiderbush, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs in the Sandveld, the Cederberg up to the Slanghoekberge and Hexrivierberge. The shrub grows up to 1.0 m tall and flowers from September to November.
Serruria triternata, the Tulbagh spiderbush, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape and only occurs in the Elandskloof Mountains near Tulbagh. The shrub is upright and reaches 1.0 m in height and flowers in September.
Serruria dodii, the Hex River spiderhead, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs in the Hex River Mountains and Keeromsberg. The shrub grows upright, reaches a height of 1.0 m and flowers from August to November.
Serruria viridifolia, the mat spiderhead, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape, is rare and occurs in the Riviersonderendberge from Jonaskop to Wolfieskop. The shrub tends to form a mat, grows 1.0 cm tall and flowers from July to November.
Serruria leipoldtii, the Leipoldt's spiderhead, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs in the northern Sederberg. The shrub grows up to 1.5 m tall with a diameter of 30 cm and flowers from summer to autumn.
Serruria pinnata, the graceful spiderhead, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs from the Cape Plain near Durbanville to the Hottentots-Hollandberge. The shrub is flat and grows 1.0 m high and flowers from July to October.
Serruria gremialis, the Riviersonderend spiderhead, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs in the Riviersonderend and Stettynkloof mountains. The shrub is predominantly a creeper with stems growing up to 1.0 m in length and flowering from July to February.
Serruria incrassata, the silver-paw spiderhead, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs from Moorreesburg to Klipheuwel near the Paarl. The shrub grows to 1.0 m high and flowers from July to October.
Serruria kraussii, the snowball spiderhead, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs in the Hottentots-Hollandberge from Jonkershoek to Helderberg. The shrub grows upright and reaches a height of 1.0 m and flowers from July to November.
Serruria roxburghii, the short-leaf spiderhead, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs at Paarlberg, Paardeberg in Malmesbury, and Riebeek-Kasteel. The shrub grows to 1.0 m high and flowers from September to November.
Serruria millefolia, the millileaf spiderhead, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs in the Sandveld from the Bokkeveld Mountains escarpment to the Olifants River Mountains. The shrub grows upright, only 50 cm high and flowers from August to December
Serruria rebeloi, the clandestine spiderhead, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs in the Akkedisberg and Bredasdorp mountains. The shrub is flat and grows only 20 cm high and flowers from September to October
Serruria reflexa, the milky spiderhead, is a flowering shrub that belongs to the genus Serruria and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Western Cape and occurs from the Koue Bokkeveld to the Olifants River Mountains between The Baths and Porterville. The shrub grows erect, reaches 2.0 m in height and flowers from September to November.