Shadow Ministry of Bill Shorten

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The Shadow Ministry of Bill Shorten was the opposition Australian Labor Party shadow ministry from October 2013 to May 2019, opposing the Abbott government, Turnbull government and Morrison government.

Contents

The Opposition Front Bench is a group of senior Opposition spokespeople who are regarded as the alternative Cabinet to the Cabinet of Australia, whose members shadow or mark each individual Minister or portfolio of the Government. Neither the Shadow Cabinet nor the Shadow Ministers have any official status in the Parliament of Australia. The Shadow Cabinet's membership is determined by the rules and practices of the Opposition party.

From 2013 Labor leadership ballot resulting from the 2013 Australian federal election, to 2019, the Shadow Cabinet was led by former Opposition Leader Bill Shorten of the Australian Labor Party. Prime Ministers Tony Abbott, Malcolm Turnbull and Scott Morrison led the Liberal/National Coalition governments during this time.

First Shadow Ministry (2013-2016)

First arrangement

Bill Shorten announced the first arrangement of his Shadow Ministry on 18 October 2013. [1] Shadow Assistant Minister for Health Melissa Parke resigned on 17 February 2014 [2] On 4 March, she was replaced in that role by Stephen Jones. Alannah MacTiernan was appointed to Jones's previous role as Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Regional Development and Infrastructure and was also appointed Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Western Australia.

On 1 July 2014, Don Farrell's Senate term expired. Farrell's portfolios of Veterans’ Affairs the Centenary of ANZAC were added to those of David Feeney. Amanda Rishworth replaced Farrell in the Ministry as Shadow Assistant Minister for Education and Higher Education. Nick Champion replaced Rishworth as Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Health. Louise Pratt's Senate term expired at the same time. She was replaced as Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for the Environment, Climate Change and Water by Lisa Singh, whose position as Shadow Parliamentary Secretary to the Shadow Attorney General was taken by Graham Perrett. Joel Fitzgibbon also added the portfolio of Shadow Minister for Rural Affairs to his existing Agriculture portfolio.

OfficeholderOffice(s)
Bill Shorten MP
Tanya Plibersek MP
Senator Penny Wong
Senator Stephen Conroy
  • Deputy Leader of the Opposition in the Senate
  • Shadow Minister for Defence
Chris Bowen MP
  • Shadow Treasurer
Tony Burke MP
Mark Dreyfus QC MP
  • Shadow Attorney-General
  • Shadow Minister for the Arts
  • Deputy Manager of Opposition Business in the House of Representatives
Senator Kim Carr
  • Shadow Minister Assisting the Leader for Science
  • Shadow Minister for Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Industry
Anthony Albanese MP
  • Shadow Minister for Infrastructure and Transport
  • Shadow Minister for Tourism
Mark Butler MP
  • Shadow Minister for Environment, Climate Change and Water
Jason Clare MP
  • Shadow Minister for Communications
Kate Ellis MP
  • Shadow Minister for Education
  • Shadow Minister for Early Childhood
Joel Fitzgibbon MP
  • Shadow Minister for Agriculture
  • Shadow Minister for Rural Affairs (from 1 July 2014)
Gary Gray MP
  • Shadow Minister for Resources
  • Shadow Minister for Northern Australia
  • Shadow Special Minister of State
Catherine King MP
  • Shadow Minister for Health
Jenny Macklin MP
  • Shadow Minister for Families and Payments
  • Shadow Minister for Disability Reform
Richard Marles MP
  • Shadow Minister for Immigration and Border Protection
Shayne Neumann MP
  • Shadow Minister for Indigenous Affairs
  • Shadow Minister for Ageing
Brendan O'Connor MP
  • Shadow Minister for Employment and Workplace Relations

Outer Shadow Ministry

OfficeholderOffice(s)
Bernie Ripoll MP
  • Shadow Minister Assisting the Leader for Small Business
  • Shadow Minister for Financial Services and Superannuation
  • Shadow Minister for Sport
Senator Claire Moore
  • Shadow Minister for Women
  • Manager of Opposition Business in the Senate
  • Shadow Minister for Carers
  • Shadow Minister for Communities
Senator Don Farrell
  • Shadow Minister for the Centenary of ANZAC (until 1 July 2014)
  • Shadow Minister for Veterans' Affairs (until 1 July 2014)
David Feeney MP
  • Shadow Minister for Justice
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Defence
  • Shadow Minister for the Centenary of ANZAC (from 1 July 2014)
  • Shadow Minister for Veterans' Affairs (from 1 July 2014)
Julie Collins MP
  • Shadow Minister for Regional Development and Local Government
  • Shadow Minister for Employment Services
Andrew Leigh MP
  • Shadow Assistant Treasurer
  • Shadow Minister for Competition
Sharon Bird MP
  • Shadow Minister for Vocational Education
Michelle Rowland MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Communications
  • Shadow Minister for Citizenship and Multiculturalism
Melissa Parke MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Health (until 19 February 2014)
Stephen Jones MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Health (from 4 March 2014)
Senator Jan McLucas
  • Shadow Minister for Mental Health
  • Shadow Minister for Housing and Homelessness
Senator Doug Cameron
  • Shadow Minister for Human Services
Amanda Rishworth MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Education (from 24 June 2014)
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Higher Education (from 24 June 2014)

Shadow Parliamentary Secretaries

OfficeholderOffice(s)
Julie Owens MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Small Business
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Education
Senator Jacinta Collins
  • Shadow Cabinet Secretary
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary to the Leader of the Opposition
Michael Danby MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary to the Leader of the Opposition
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for the Arts
Jim Chalmers MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary to the Leader of the Opposition
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Trade and Investment
Matt Thistlethwaite MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Foreign Affairs
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Immigration
Gai Brodtmann MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Defence
Stephen Jones MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Regional Development and Infrastructure (until 4 March 2014)
Alannah MacTiernan MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Regional Development and Infrastructure (from 4 March 2014)
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Western Australia (from 4 March 2014)
Warren Snowdon MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for External Territories
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Northern Australia
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Indigenous Affairs
Ed Husic MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary to the Shadow Treasurer
Senator Louise Pratt
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for the Environment, Climate Change and Water (until 24 June 2014)
Tony Zappia MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Manufacturing
Senator Lisa Singh
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary to the Shadow Attorney General (until 24 June 2014)
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for the Environment, Climate Change and Water (from 24 June 2014)
Graham Perrett MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary to the Shadow Attorney General (from 24 June 2014)
Amanda Rishworth MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Health (until 24 June 2014)
Nick Champion MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Health (from 24 June 2014)
Senator Carol Brown
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Families and Payments
Senator Helen Polley
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Aged Care

Second arrangement

Michelle Rowland and Katy Gallagher were promoted to the Shadow Cabinet on 13 October 2015. [3] The final arrangement of the Shadow Ministry prior to the 2016 election was announced in October 2015. [4]

OfficeholderOffice(s)
Bill Shorten MP
Tanya Plibersek MP
Senator Penny Wong
Senator Stephen Conroy
  • Deputy Leader of the Opposition in the Senate
  • Shadow Minister for Defence
Chris Bowen MP
  • Shadow Treasurer
Michelle Rowland MP
  • Shadow Minister for Small Business
  • Shadow Minister for Citizenship and Multiculturalism
Tony Burke MP
Mark Dreyfus QC MP
  • Shadow Attorney-General
  • Shadow Minister for the Arts
  • Deputy Manager of Opposition Business in the House of Representatives
Senator Kim Carr
  • Shadow Minister Assisting the Leader for Science
  • Shadow Minister for Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Industry
Anthony Albanese MP
  • Shadow Minister for Infrastructure and Transport
  • Shadow Minister for Cities
  • Shadow Minister for Tourism
Senator Katy Gallagher
  • Shadow Minister Assisting the Leader on State and Territory Relations
  • Shadow Minister for Mental Health
  • Shadow Minister for Housing and Homelessness
Mark Butler MP
  • Shadow Minister for Environment, Climate Change and Water
Jason Clare MP
  • Shadow Minister for Communications
Kate Ellis MP
  • Shadow Minister for Education
  • Shadow Minister for Early Childhood
Joel Fitzgibbon MP
  • Shadow Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
  • Shadow Minister for Rural Affairs
Gary Gray MP
  • Shadow Minister for Resources
  • Shadow Minister for Northern Australia
  • Shadow Special Minister of State
Catherine King MP
  • Shadow Minister for Health
Jenny Macklin MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Families and Payments
  • Shadow Minister for Disability Reform
Richard Marles MP
  • Shadow Minister for Immigration and Border Protection
Shayne Neumann MP
  • Shadow Minister for Indigenous Affairs
  • Shadow Minister for Ageing
Brendan O'Connor MP
  • Shadow Minister for Employment and Workplace Relations

Outer Shadow Ministry

OfficeholderOffice(s)
Senator Claire Moore
  • Shadow Minister for Women
  • Manager of Opposition Business in the Senate
  • Shadow Minister for Carers
  • Shadow Minister for Communities
David Feeney MP
  • Shadow Minister for Justice
  • Shadow Minister for the Centenary of ANZAC
  • Shadow Minister for Veterans’ Affairs
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Defence
Julie Collins MP
  • Shadow Minister for Regional Development and Local Government
  • Shadow Minister for Employment Services
Andrew Leigh MP
  • Shadow Assistant Treasurer
  • Shadow Minister for Competition
Sharon Bird MP
  • Shadow Minister for Vocational Education
Stephen Jones MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Health
Senator Doug Cameron
  • Shadow Minister for Human Services
Amanda Rishworth MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Education
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Higher Education
Dr Jim Chalmers MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Financial Services and Superannation
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Productivity
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Trade and Investment
  • Shadow Minister for Sport

Shadow Parliamentary Secretaries

OfficeholderOffice(s)
Julie Owens MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Early Childhood Education
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Small Business
Senator Jacinta Collins
  • Shadow Cabinet Secretary
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary to the Leader of the Opposition
Michael Danby MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary to the Leader of the Opposition
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for the Arts
Ed Husic MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary to the Leader of the Opposition Assisting with Digital Innovation and Startups
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary to the Shadow Treasurer
Terri Butler MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary to the Leader of the Opposition
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Child Safety and Prevention of Family Violence
Senator Sam Dastyari
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary to the Leader of the Opposition
  • Deputy Manager of Opposition Business (Senate)
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for School Education and Youth
Matt Thistlethwaite MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Foreign Affairs
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Immigration
Gai Brodtmann MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Defence
Alannah MacTiernan MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Regional Development and Infrastructure
Warren Snowdon MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for External Territories
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Northern Australia
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Indigenous Affairs
Senator Lisa Singh
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for the Environment, Climate Change and Water
Tony Zappia MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Health
Graham Perrett MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary to the Shadow Attorney General
Nick Champion MP
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Manufacturing
Senator Carol Brown
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Families and Payments
Senator Helen Polley
  • Shadow Parliamentary Secretary for Aged Care

Second Shadow Ministry (2016-2019)

Initial arrangement

Following the narrow defeat at the 2016 election, the Australian Labor Party re-elected Bill Shorten and Tanya Plibersek as leader and deputy leader respectively. On 23 July 2016, the Shadow Cabinet was announced. [5] [6]

OfficeholderOffice(s)
Bill Shorten MP
Tanya Plibersek MP
Senator Penny Wong
Senator Stephen Conroy
  • Deputy Leader of the Opposition in the Senate
  • Shadow Special Minister of State
  • Shadow Minister for Sport
Chris Bowen MP
  • Shadow Treasurer
Senator Katy Gallagher
  • Shadow Minister for Small Business and Financial Services
  • Manager of Opposition Business in the Senate (from 14 September 2016)
Tony Burke MP
Kate Ellis MP
  • Shadow Minister for Early Childhood Education and Development
  • Shadow Minister for TAFE and Vocational Education
Mark Butler MP
  • Shadow Minister for Climate Change and Energy
Jenny Macklin MP
  • Shadow Minister for Families and Social Services
Richard Marles MP
  • Shadow Minister for Defence
Anthony Albanese MP
  • Shadow Minister for Infrastructure, Transport, Cities and Regional Development
  • Shadow Minister for Tourism
Dr Jim Chalmers MP
  • Shadow Minister for Finance
Brendan O'Connor MP
  • Shadow Minister for Employment and Workplace Relations
Mark Dreyfus QC MP
  • Shadow Attorney-General
  • Shadow Minister for National Security
  • Deputy Manager of Opposition Business in the House of Representatives
Shayne Neumann MP
  • Shadow Minister for Immigration and Border Protection
Senator Kim Carr
  • Shadow Minister for Innovation, Industry, Science and Research
Michelle Rowland MP
  • Shadow Minister for Communications
Joel Fitzgibbon MP
  • Shadow Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
  • Shadow Minister for Rural and Regional Australia
Jason Clare MP
  • Shadow Minister for Resources and Northern Australia
  • Shadow Minister for Trade and Investment
Catherine King MP
  • Shadow Minister for Health and Medicare
Julie Collins MP
  • Shadow Minister for Ageing and Mental Health

Outer Shadow Ministry

OfficeholderOffice(s)
Senator Doug Cameron
  • Shadow Minister for Skills and Apprenticeships
  • Shadow Minister for Housing and Homelessness
Senator Claire Moore
  • Shadow Minister for International Development and the Pacific
Andrew Leigh MP
  • Shadow Assistant Treasurer
  • Shadow Minister for Competition and Productivity
  • Shadow Minister for Charities and Not-for-Profits
  • Shadow Minister for Trade in Services
Senator Sam Dastyari
  • Shadow Minister for Consumer Affairs (until 7 September 2016)
  • Manager of Opposition Business in the Senate (until 7 September 2016)
Linda Burney MP
  • Shadow Minister for Human Services
Senator Carol Brown
  • Shadow Minister for Disability and Carers
Amanda Rishworth MP
  • Shadow Minister for Veterans’ Affairs
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Defence Personnel
Stephen Jones MP
  • Shadow Minister for Regional Communications
  • Shadow Minister for Regional Services, Territories and Local Government
Ed Husic MP
  • Shadow Minister for Employment Services and Workforce Participation
Clare O'Neil MP
  • Shadow Minister for Justice
Tim Hammond MP
  • Shadow Minister for Consumer Affairs (from 14 September 2016)

Shadow Assistant Ministers

OfficeholderOffice(s)
Senator Pat Dodson
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Indigenous Affairs and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders
Senator Jacinta Collins
  • Shadow Cabinet Secretary
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Early Childhood
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Citizenship and Multicultural Australia
Terri Butler MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Preventing Family Violence
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Universities
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Equality
Tim Hammond MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Digital Economy and Startups (until 14 September 2016)
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Resources and Western Australia (until 14 September 2016)
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Innovation (until 14 September 2016)
Senator Helen Polley
  • Shadow Assistant Minister to the Leader (Tasmania)
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Ageing
Andrew Giles MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Schools
Matt Thistlethwaite MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Treasury
Julie Owens MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Small Business
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Citizenship and Multicultural Australia
Pat Conroy MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for the Climate Change
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Infrastructure
Senator Louise Pratt
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Equality
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Universities
Warren Snowdon MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for the Centenary of ANZAC
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for External Affairs
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Northern Australia
Gai Brodtmann MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Cyber Security and Defence Personnel
Mike Kelly AM , MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Defence Industry and Support
Nick Champion MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Manufacturing and Science
Lisa Chesters MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Rural and Regional Australia
Tony Zappia MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Medicare

Final arrangement

OfficeholderOffice(s)
Bill Shorten MP
Tanya Plibersek MP
Senator Penny Wong
Senator Don Farrell
  • Deputy Leader of the Opposition in the Senate
  • Shadow Special Minister of State
  • Shadow Minister for Sport
Chris Bowen MP
  • Shadow Treasurer
  • Shadow Minister for Small Business
Tony Burke MP
  • Shadow Minister for Environment and Water
  • Shadow Minister for Citizenship and Multicultural Australia
  • Shadow Minister for the Arts
  • Manager of Opposition Business
Mark Butler MP
  • Shadow Minister for Climate Change and Energy
Linda Burney MP
  • Shadow Minister for Families and Social Services
  • Shadow Minister for Preventing Family Violence
Richard Marles MP
  • Shadow Minister for Defence
Amanda Rishworth MP
  • Shadow Minister for Veterans' Affairs
  • Shadow Minister for Defence Personnel
  • Shadow Minister for Early Childhood Education and Development
Anthony Albanese MP
  • Shadow Minister for Infrastructure, Transport, Cities and Regional Development
  • Shadow Minister for Tourism
Jim Chalmers MP
  • Shadow Minister for Finance
Brendan O'Connor MP
  • Shadow Minister for Employment and Workplace Relations
Mark Dreyfus QC MP
  • Shadow Attorney-General
  • Shadow Minister for National Security
  • Deputy Manager of Opposition Business in the House of Representatives
Shayne Neumann MP
  • Shadow Minister for Immigration and Border Protection
Senator Kim Carr
  • Shadow Minister for Innovation, Industry, Science and Research
Michelle Rowland MP
  • Shadow Minister for Communications
Joel Fitzgibbon MP
  • Shadow Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
  • Shadow Minister for Rural and Regional Australia
Jason Clare MP
  • Shadow Minister for Resources and Northern Australia
  • Shadow Minister for Trade and Investment
Catherine King MP
  • Shadow Minister for Health and Medicare
Julie Collins MP
  • Shadow Minister for Ageing and Mental Health

Outer Shadow Ministry

OfficeholderOffice(s)
Senator Doug Cameron
  • Shadow Minister for Skills, TAFE and Apprenticeships
  • Shadow Minister for Housing and Homelessness
Senator Claire Moore
  • Shadow Minister for International Development and the Pacific
Andrew Leigh MP
  • Shadow Assistant Treasurer
  • Shadow Minister for Competition and Productivity
  • Shadow Minister for Charities and Not-for-Profits
  • Shadow Minister for Trade in Services
Senator Carol Brown
  • Shadow Minister for Disability and Carers
Stephen Jones MP
  • Shadow Minister for Regional Communications
  • Shadow Minister for Regional Services, Territories and Local Government
Ed Husic MP
  • Shadow Minister for Digital Economy
  • Shadow Minister for Human Services
Clare O'Neil MP
  • Shadow Minister for Justice
  • Shadow Minister for Financial Services
Madeleine King MP
  • Shadow Minister for Consumer Affairs
  • Shadow Minister Assisting for Small Business
  • Shadow Minister Assisting for Resources
Terri Butler MP
  • Shadow Minister for Young Australians and Youth Affairs
  • Shadow Minister for Employment Services, Workforce Participation and Future of Work

Shadow Assistant Ministers

OfficeholderOffice(s)
Senator Pat Dodson
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Indigenous Affairs and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders
Senator Helen Polley
  • Shadow Assistant Minister to the Leader (Tasmania)
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Ageing
Andrew Giles MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Schools
Matt Thistlethwaite MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Treasury
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for an Australian Head of State
Julie Owens MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Small Business
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Citizenship and Multicultural Australia
Pat Conroy MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for the Climate Change
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Infrastructure
Senator Jenny McAllister
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Families and Communities
Senator Louise Pratt
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Equality
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Universities
Warren Snowdon MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for the Centenary of ANZAC
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for External Territories
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Indigenous Health
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Northern Australia
Gai Brodtmann MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Cyber Security and Defence
Mike Kelly AM , MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Defence Industry and Support
Lisa Chesters MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Rural and Regional Australia
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Workplace Relations
Tony Zappia MP
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Medicare
Senator Deborah O'Neill
  • Manager of Opposition Business in the Senate
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Innovation
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Mental Health
Senator Glenn Sterle
  • Shadow Assistant Minister for Road Safety

See also

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References

  1. Henderson, Anna (18 October 2013). "Shorten names shadow ministry, Plibersek gets foreign affairs". ABC News . Australian Broadcasting Corporation . Retrieved 31 May 2023.
  2. "Labor's Parke steps off front bench". SBS News. Special Broadcasting Service. Australian Associated Press. 17 February 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2023.
  3. "SHADOW MINISTRY". www.billshorten.com.au. Bill Shorten . Retrieved 31 May 2023.
  4. "Shadow Ministry The 44th Parliament". APH. Parliament of Australia. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
  5. Murphy, Katharine (23 July 2016). "Tanya Plibersek gets education portfolio in new shadow ministry". Guardian Australia . Guardian Media Group . Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  6. "Shadow Ministry The 45th Parliament". APH. Parliament of Australia. Retrieved 2 August 2022.