Mangostin is a natural xanthonoid, a type of organic compound isolated from various parts of the mangosteen tree. It is a yellow crystalline solid with a xanthone core structure. Mangostin and a variety of other xanthonoids from mangosteen have been investigated for biological properties including antioxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities.
Fumonisin B2 is a fumonisin mycotoxin produced by the fungi Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus niger.
Sterigmatocystin is a polyketide mycotoxin produced by certain species of Aspergillus. The toxin is naturally found in some cheeses.
Spirotryprostatin B is an indolic alkaloid found in the Aspergillus fumigatus fungus that belongs to a class of naturally occurring 2,5-diketopiperazines. Spirotryprostatin B and several other indolic alkaloids have been found to have anti-mitotic properties, and as such they have become of great interest as anti-cancer drugs. Because of this, the total syntheses of these compounds is a major pursuit of organic chemists, and a number of different syntheses have been published in the chemical literature.
Artocarpus nobilis, the Ceylon breadfruit, is a tree species in the family Moraceae. It is endemic to south western regions of Sri Lanka. It is known as "Wal dhel - වල් දෙල්", "Baedi dhel - බැදි දෙල්" or as "Hingala dhel - හිංගල දෙල්" by local people.
Derrubone is a prenylated isoflavone, a type of flavonoid. It was originally isolated from the Indian tree Derris robusta. Recent research indicates that it acts as an inhibitor of Hsp90 to its function as a chaperone protein.
Prenylated flavonoids or prenylflavonoids are a sub-class of flavonoids. They are widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom. Some are known to have phytoestrogenic or antioxidant properties. They are given in the list of adaptogens in herbalism. Chemically they have a prenyl group attached to their flavonoid backbone. It is usually assumed that the addition of hydrophobic prenyl groups facilitate attachment to cell membranes. Prenylation may increase the potential activity of its original flavonoid.
Luteone is a prenylated isoflavone, a type of flavonoid. It can be found in the pods of Laburnum anagyroides and can be synthetized.
A xanthonoid is a chemical natural phenolic compound formed from the xanthone backbone. Many members of the Clusiaceae contain xanthonoids.
Aspergillus sydowii is a pathogenic fungus that causes several diseases in humans. It has been implicated in the death of sea fan corals in the Caribbean Sea.
Notoamides are bio-active isolates of marine Aspergillus.
Stephacidin A and B are antitumor alkaloids isolated from the fungus Aspergillus ochraceus that belong to a class of naturally occurring 2,5-diketopiperazines. This unusual family of fungal metabolites are complex bridged 2,5-diketopiperazine alkaloids that possess a unique bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane core ring system and are constituted mainly from tryptophan, proline, and substituted proline derivatives where the olefinic unit of the isoprene moiety has been formally oxidatively cyclized across the α-carbon atoms of a 2,5-diketopiperazine ring. The molecular architecture of stephacidin B, formally a dimer of avrainvillamide, reveals a complex dimeric prenylated N-hydroxyindole alkaloid that contains 15 rings and 9 stereogenic centers and is one of the most complex indole alkaloids isolated from fungi. Stephacidin B rapidly converts into the electrophilic monomer avrainvillamide in cell culture, and there is evidence that the monomer avrainvillamide interacts with intracellular thiol-containing proteins, most likely by covalent modification.
(-)-Versicolamide B and (+)-Versicolamide B are spiroindole alkaloids isolated from the fungus Aspergillus that belong to a class of naturally occurring 2,5-diketopiperazines. The versicolamides are structurally complex spiro-cyclized versions of prenylated cyclo(L-Trp-L-Pro) derivatives which possess a unique spiro-fusion to a pyrrolidine at the 3-position of the oxindole core together with the bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane ring system. While (-)-versicolamide B was isolated from the marine fungus Aspergillus sp. the enantiomer (+)-versicolamide B was isolated from the terrestrial fungi Aspergillus versicolor NRRL. The total asymmetric syntheses of both enantiomers have been achieved and the implications of their biosynthesis have been investigated.
Aspergillusenes are bio-active sesquiterpenes of "sea fan"-derived Aspergillus sydowii.
Penicillium sacculum is an anamorph species of fungus in the genus Penicillium which produces the xanthone 1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-6-sulfo-8-methylxanthone. Penicillium sacculum was isolated from the halophyte plant Atriplex
Aspergillus olivicola is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Nidulantes section. The species was first described in 2008. It has been isolated from fruit in Italy. A. olivicola has been shown to produce aflatoxin B1, emericellin, shamixanthone, siderin, sterigmatocystin, terrein, and varitriol.
Aspergillus cleistominutus is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Nidulantes section. It has been reported to produce arugosin A, arugosin B, arugosin C, asperthecin, aspertetronin A, aspertetronin B, echinocandin B, echinocandin C, echinocandin D, epishamixanthone, shamixanthone, orsellinaldehyde, penicillin G, ruguloxanthone, and sterigmatocystin. It has been isolated from soil in New Jersey, United States.
Aspergillus filifer is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Nidulantes section. The species was first described in 2008. It has been reported to produce shamixanthones and varitriol.
Aspergillus stellatus is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Nidulantes section. The species was first described in 1934. It has been isolated from soil in Panama and seeds in India. It has been reported in human infections. It has been reported to produce aflatoxin B1, ajamxanthone, shamixanthone, tajixanthone, tajixanthone hydrate, tajixanthone methanoate, 19-O-methyl-22- methoxypre-shamixanthone, pre-shamixanthone, 15- acetyltajixanthone hydrate, andibenin A, andibenin B, andibenin C, andelesin A, andelesin B, anditomin, arugosin A, arugosin B, arugosin D, asperthecin, astellatol, asteltoxin, desferritriacetylfusigen, dihydroterrein, emervaridione, varioxiranediol, epiisoshamixanthone, ophiobolin C, ophiobolin G, ophiobolin H, ophiobolin K, evariquinone, 2-Furanoic acid, islandicin, isoemericellin, kojic acid, 2-Methoxy-6-(3,4-dihydroxy-hepta-1,5-dienyl)benzyl alcohol, najamxanthone, radixanthone, shahenxanthone, penicillin G, shimalactone A, siderin, stellatic acid, stellatin, stromemycin, terrein, variecoacetal A, variecoacetal B, variecolactone, variecolin, varioxirane, varixanthone, varitriol, and varioxranol A-G.
Aspergillus turkensis is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. It is from the Usti section. The species was first described in 2011. It has been isolated from soil in Turkey. It has been reported to produce an austocystin, deflectins, emerin, and a shamixanthone.
