| Fire ladies' tresses | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Tribe: | Cranichideae |
| Genus: | Spiranthes |
| Species: | S. igniorchis |
| Binomial name | |
| Spiranthes igniorchis M. C. Pace | |
Spiranthes igniorchis, or fire ladies' tresses, is a species of orchid endemic to Florida. [1]
Spiranthes igniorchis, like all Spiranthes, have small tubular flowers arranged in a spiral around the stem, with each flower made from 3 petals and 3 sepals. All sepals and petals are white, but the inside part of the lip (bottom-most petal) is pale yellow to greenish-yellow. They are closely related to and look similar to Spiranthes longilabris but they have smaller flowers and bloom from August to September (vs December for longilabris). They also look similar to Spiranthes laciniata (which blooms from May to July in Florida). [1] [2]
Spiranthes igniorchis is endemic to southern-central Florida and only grows in burnt seasonally wet grassland. The common name refers to the reliance on fire swept habitat - which is very rare now due to fire suppression. [3] [2]
Spiranthes igniorchis was first described by M. C. Pace et al. in 2017. Based on molecular analysis of collected specimens they determined those plants to be a sister species to Spiranthes longilabris within the Spiranthes cernua species complex. Extensive herbarium searches among similarly looking Spiranthes specimens (but labelled as different species) found no other plants and none are known to have been collected prior to specimens collected by S. L. Orzell and E. Bridges in 2014 in Polk County, Florida. This indicates the species is endemic to a small area in the Osceola Plain of southern-central Florida. [4] [2]
Caladenia, commonly known as spider orchids, is a genus of 350 species of plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. Spider orchids are terrestrial herbs with a single hairy leaf and a hairy stem. The labellum is fringed or toothed in most species and there are small projections called calli on the labellum. The flowers have adaptations to attract particular species of insects for pollination. The genus is divided into three groups on the basis of flower shape, broadly, spider orchids, zebra orchids and cowslip orchids, although other common names are often used. Although they occur in other countries, most are Australian and 136 species occur in Western Australia, making it the most species-rich orchid genus in that state.
Spiranthes is a genus of orchids in the subfamily Orchidoideae. They are known commonly as ladies tresses, ladies'-tresses, or lady's tresses. The genus is distributed in the Americas, Eurasia, and Australia. The genus name Spiranthes is derived from the Greek speira ("coil") and anthos ("flower"), and was inspired by the spirally arranged inflorescence.
Spiranthes cernua, commonly called nodding lady's tresses, or nodding ladies' tresses, is a species of orchid occurring from Maritime Canada to the eastern and southern United States. As the common name suggests cernua means "nodding", or "bowed" in Latin.
Diuris chryseopsis, commonly known as common golden moths or the small snake orchid, is a species of orchid that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a common and widespread species growing in woodland, often in colonies and has up to four drooping, golden-yellow flowers. It is similar to several other orchids and form hybrids with some other Diuris species.
Caladenia colorata, commonly known as coloured spider-orchid, small western spider-orchid and painted spider-orchid is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to South Australia and possibly Victoria. It is a ground orchid with a single hairy leaf, and usually a single creamy-green flower with blood-red or purple-brown markings and with dark tips on the petals and sepals.
Pterostylis tristis, commonly known as the midget greenhood, is a species of greenhood orchid endemic to New Zealand. Both flowering and non-flowering plants have a rosette of fleshy leaves lying flat on the ground and flowering plants have up to eight yellowish-green or brownish flowers with pale stripes.
Spiranthes australis, commonly known as austral ladies tresses, is a species of orchid that grows from southern Caspian Sea and Himalayan Mountains to the South-West Pacific and north throughout Japan. It has up to about ten leaves at the base of a flowering stem with up to sixty small pink and white flowers spirally arranged around it.
Microtis globula, commonly known as the globular mignonette orchid or globular onion orchid is a species of orchid endemic to the south-west coastal region of Western Australia. It has a single hollow, onion-like leaf and up to thirty five small greenish-yellow, almost globe-shaped flowers. It often grows in large colonies but only flowers after hot fires the previous summer.
Thelymitra gregaria, commonly called the clumping sun orchid, is a species of orchid that is endemic to Victoria. It has a single fleshy, channelled leaf and up to six strongly scented, dark blue to purple flowers and often grows in clumps.
Thelymitra basaltica, commonly called the grassland sun orchid, is a species of orchid that is endemic to Victoria. It has a single fleshy, channelled, dark green leaf and up to eight small pale blue, self-pollinating flowers which open only slowly on warm to hot days.
Thelymitra epipactoides, commonly called the metallic sun orchid, is a species of orchid that is endemic to south-eastern continental Australia. It has a single relatively large, leathery leaf and up to twenty large flowers that range in colour from pink to reddish but have a distinctive arrangement of lobes above the anther.
Thelymitra × macmillanii, commonly called the red sun orchid or crimson sun orchid is a species of orchid that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has a single tapering, channelled leaf and up to five bright red, sometimes yellow flowers. It is a natural hybrid between T. antennifera and T. carnea or T. rubra.
Sarcochilus dilatatus, commonly known as the brown butterfly orchid, is a small epiphytic orchid endemic to eastern Australia. It has up to twelve, thin, leathery, dark green leaves and up to twelve brown or reddish brown flowers with a mostly white and yellow labellum.
Spiranthes arcisepala, the Appalachian ladies' tresses, is a species of flowering plant in the family Orchidaceae. This orchid is native to eastern North America. Long treated as part of Spiranthes cernua the species complex was reevaluated and Spiranthes arcisepala established as a separate species in 2017.
Spiranthes brevilabris, the short lipped ladies' tresses or Texas lady's tresses is a rare and endangered orchid native to the southeastern United States.
Spiranthes longilabris, the long lipped ladies' tresses is an orchid endemic to the southeastern United States.
Spiranthes triloba, the panther ladies' tresses is a terrestrial orchid endemic to Florida.
Spiranthes bightensis, the Atlantic ladies tresses, is a terrestrial orchid native to coasts of the north-eastern United States.
Spiranthes casei, or Case's lady's tresses, is a species of orchid native to the northeastern United States and Canada.
Spiranthes nebulorum is a species of orchid found in Mexico and Guatemala.
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