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Aspergillus niger is a fungus and one of the most common species of the genus Aspergillus.
Industrial fermentation is the intentional use of fermentation by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi as well as eukaryotic cells like CHO cells and insect cells, to make products useful to humans. Fermented products have applications as food as well as in general industry. Some commodity chemicals, such as acetic acid, citric acid, and ethanol are made by fermentation. The rate of fermentation depends on the concentration of microorganisms, cells, cellular components, and enzymes as well as temperature, pH and for aerobic fermentation oxygen. Product recovery frequently involves the concentration of the dilute solution. Nearly all commercially produced enzymes, such as lipase, invertase and rennet, are made by fermentation with genetically modified microbes. In some cases, production of biomass itself is the objective, as is the case for single-cell proteins, baker's yeast and starter cultures for lactic acid bacteria used in cheesemaking. In general, fermentations can be divided into four types:
Rhizopus oligosporus is a fungus of the family Mucoraceae and is a widely used starter culture for the production of tempeh at home and industrially. As the mold grows it produces fluffy, white mycelia, binding the beans together to create an edible "cake" of partly catabolized soybeans. The domestication of the microbe is thought to have occurred in Indonesia several centuries ago.
Agarase is an enzyme with systematic name agarose 4-glycanohydrolase. It is found in agarolytic bacteria and is the first enzyme in the agar catabolic pathway. It is responsible for allowing them to use agar as their primary source of Carbon and enables their ability to thrive in the ocean.
Microbiology is the scientific study of microorganisms, those being unicellular, multicellular, or acellular. Microbiology encompasses numerous sub-disciplines including virology, bacteriology, protistology, mycology, immunology and parasitology.
Streptomyces atratus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Shimoneda in Japan. Streptomyces atratus produces atramycin A, hydrazidomycins A, hydrazidomycins B, hydrazidomycins C, rufomycins A and rufomycins B.
Streptomyces azureus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has isolated from soil. Streptomyces azureus produces the antibiotic thiostrepton.
Streptomyces bobili is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from garden soil. Streptomyces bobili produces aclacinomycin A, aclacinomycin B, aclacinomycin M, aclacinomycin S, aclacinomycin Y, cinerubin A, cinerubin B, sulfurmycin A, sulfurmycin B, sulfurmycin C, sulfurmycin D, sulfurmycin F, ferrimycin A1 and ferrimycin A2.
Streptomyces chromofuscus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil. Streptomyces chromofuscus produces phospholipase D, herboxidiene, pentalenolactone O and carazostatins.
Streptomyces diastatochromogenes is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces. Streptomyces diastatochromogenes produces polyketomycin, concanamycin A, concanamycin B, concanamycin C, momofulvenone A, azdimycin, toyocamycin and oligomycins.
Streptomyces griseofuscus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Japan. Streptomyces griseofuscus produces azinomycin A, azinomycin B, bundlin A, bundlin B, moldicidin A, physostigmine, fungichromin and pentamycin.
Streptomyces griseoruber is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Japan. Streptomyces griseoruber produces beromycin, actinomycin D, gombapyrone A, gombapyrone B, gombapyrone C, gombapyrone D and rhodomycins
Streptomyces griseorubiginosus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Russia. Streptomyces griseorubiginosus produces arylsulfatase, biphenomycin A, cinerubin A and cinerubin B.
Streptomyces halstedii is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from deeper soil layers. Streptomyces halstedii produces magnamycin B, vicenistatin deltamycin A2, deltamycin A3, bafilomycin B1 and bafilomycin C1. Streptomyces halstedii also produces complex antifungal antibiotics like oligomycins and the antibiotics anisomycin and sinefungin.
Streptomyces kurssanovii is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Russia. Streptomyces kurssanovii produces chitinase, N-(Phenylacetyl)-2-butenediamide and fumaramidmycin.
Streptomyces mobaraensis is a spore forming bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces. Streptomyces mobaraensis produces bleomycin, detoxin, piericidin A, piericidin B, reticulol and transglutaminase. Streptomyces mobaraensis is used in the food industry to produce transglutaminase to texture meat and fish products.
Streptomyces phaeochromogenes is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces. Streptomyces phaeochromogenes produces tyrosinate, bromoperoxidase, ditryptophenalin, phaeochromycin A, phaeochromycin B, phaeochromycin C, phaeochromycin D and phaeochromycin E. Streptomyces phaeochromogenes also produces moenomycin and bambermycin.
Kitasatospora psammotica is a bacterium species from the genus Kitasatospora. Kitasatospora psammotica produces laccase, terramycin and 2-acetyl-2-decarboxamidotetracycline. Kitasatospora psammotica has antifungal activity against Fusarium wilt.
Streptomyces thermoviolaceus is a thermophilic bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from composts. Streptomyces thermoviolaceus produces chitinase and peroxidase.
Streptomyces viridosporus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces. Streptomyces viridosporus produces sistomycine and lignin peroxidase. Streptomyces viridosporus can degrade lignin and humic acids. Streptomyces viridosporus also produces moenomycin A, a component of bambermycin.
