Streptomyces is the largest genus of Actinomycetota, and the type genus of the family Streptomycetaceae. Over 700 species of Streptomyces bacteria have been described. As with the other Actinomycetota, streptomycetes are gram-positive, and have very large genomes with high GC content. Found predominantly in soil and decaying vegetation, most streptomycetes produce spores, and are noted for their distinct "earthy" odor that results from production of a volatile metabolite, geosmin. Different strains of the same species may colonize very diverse environments.
Acid-fastness is a physical property of certain bacterial and eukaryotic cells, as well as some sub-cellular structures, specifically their resistance to decolorization by acids during laboratory staining procedures. Once stained as part of a sample, these organisms can resist the acid and/or ethanol-based decolorization procedures common in many staining protocols, hence the name acid-fast.
Streptomyces clavuligerus is a species of Gram-positive bacterium notable for producing clavulanic acid.
Streptomyces venezuelae is a species of soil-dwelling Gram-positive bacterium of the genus Streptomyces. S. venezuelae is filamentous. In its spore-bearing stage, hyphae perfuse both above ground as aerial hyphae and in the soil substrate. Chloramphenicol, the first antibiotic to be manufactured synthetically on a large scale, was originally derived from S. venezuelae. Other secondary metabolites produced by S. venezuelae include jadomycin and pikromycin.
Streptomyces griseus is a species of bacteria in the genus Streptomyces commonly found in soil. A few strains have been also reported from deep-sea sediments. It is a Gram-positive bacterium with high GC content. Along with most other streptomycetes, S. griseus strains are well known producers of antibiotics and other such commercially significant secondary metabolites. These strains are known to be producers of 32 different structural types of bioactive compounds. Streptomycin, the first antibiotic ever reported from a bacterium, comes from strains of S. griseus. Recently, the whole genome sequence of one of its strains had been completed.
Streptomyces scabiei is a streptomycete bacterium species found in soils around the world. Unlike most of the 500 or so Streptomyces species it is a plant pathogen causing corky lesions to form on tuber and root crops as well as decreasing the growth of seedlings. Along with other closely related species it causes the potato disease common scab, which is an economically important disease in many potato growing areas. It was first described in 1892, being classified as a fungus, before being renamed in 1914 and again in 1948. Several other species of Streptomyces cause similar diseases to S. scabiei but other, more closely related species, do not.
Streptomyces viridochromogenes is a bacterium species in the genus Streptomyces.
Streptomyces malaysiensis is a streptomycete bacterium species. At maturity, the aerial hyphae of this species differentiates into tight, spiral chains of rugose, cylindrical spores. Its type strain is ATB-11T.
Streptomyces turgidiscabies is a streptomycete bacterium species, causing scab in potatoes. It has flexuous spore, the latter which are cylindrical and smooth. The type strain is SY9113T. It is almost identical to Streptomyces reticuliscabiei; however, they are considered distinct species given the diseases they cause are different.
Streptomyces antibioticus is a gram-positive bacterium discovered in 1941 by Nobel-prize-winner Selman Waksman and H. Boyd Woodruff. Its name is derived from the Greek "strepto-" meaning "twisted", alluding to this genus' chain-like spore production, and "antibioticus", referring to this species' extensive antibiotic production. Upon its first characterization, it was noted that S. antibioticus produces a distinct soil odor.
Streptomyces brasiliensis is a bacterial species of the genus Streptomyces that has been isolated from soil. S. brasiliensis produces neomycin. S. brasiliensis sporulates when it is cultured with galactose and glutamic acid as carbon and nitrogen sources. The colonies are red/pink or red/orange, and the pigment is not permeable. Sucrose nitrate synthesize AGAR: gas filaments slightly pink, white. Spore filaments are non-helical. They are ovoid, spherical.
Streptomyces galbus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil from West Bengal. Streptomyces galbus produces xylanase, galbonolides A, galbonolides B and the actinomycin X complex.
Streptomyces griseocarneus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil. Streptomyces griseocarneus produces hydroxystreptomycin, alboverticillin, sphingomyelinase C and rotaventin.
Streptomyces griseoruber is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Japan. Streptomyces griseoruber produces beromycin, actinomycin D, gombapyrone A, gombapyrone B, gombapyrone C, gombapyrone D and rhodomycins
Streptomyces halstedii is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from deeper soil layers. Streptomyces halstedii produces magnamycin B, vicenistatin deltamycin A2, deltamycin A3, bafilomycin B1 and bafilomycin C1. Streptomyces halstedii also produces complex antifungal antibiotics like oligomycins and the antibiotics anisomycin and sinefungin.
Streptomyces humidus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which was isolated from soil in Japan. Streptomyces humidus produces cobalamine, dihydrostreptomycin and humidin.
Streptomyces lunalinharesii is a chitinolytic bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Brazil.
Streptomyces mobaraensis is a spore forming bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces. Streptomyces mobaraensis produces bleomycin, detoxin, piericidin A, piericidin B, reticulol and transglutaminase. Streptomyces mobaraensis is used in the food industry to produce transglutaminase to texture meat and fish products.
Streptomyces panacagri is a Gram-positive, spore-forming and aerobic bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil from a ginseng field in the Pocheon in South Korea.
Streptomyces scopiformis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in China.
