The avermectins are a series of drugs and pesticides used to treat parasitic worm infestations and to reduce insect pests. They are a group of 16-membered macrocyclic lactone derivatives with potent anthelmintic and insecticidal properties. These naturally occurring compounds are generated as fermentation products by Streptomyces avermitilis, a soil actinomycete. Eight different avermectins were isolated in four pairs of homologue compounds, with a major (a-component) and minor (b-component) component usually in ratios of 80:20 to 90:10. Avermectin B1, a mixture of B1a and B1b, is the drug and pesticide abamectin. Other anthelmintics derived from the avermectins include ivermectin, selamectin, doramectin, eprinomectin.
Venturicidins are a group of antifungal compounds. The first member of this class was isolated from Streptomyces bacteria in 1961. Additional members of this class were subsequently isolated and characterized. An antifungal substance "aabomycin A" was isolated from Streptomyces in 1969. However, in 1990 it was reported that aabomycin A is actually a 3:1 mixture of two related components, which were then named aabomycin A1 and aabomycin A2. The structures of these were shown to be identical with those of the previously characterized compounds venturicidin A and venturicidin B, respectively. A new analog, venturicidin C, was recently reported from a Streptomyces isolated from thermal vents associated with the Ruth Mullins coal fire in Kentucky.
Streptomyces amakusaensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil from the Amakusa Island in Japan. Streptomyces amakusaensis produces tuberin and nagstatin.
Streptomyces armeniacus is a bacterium species from the genus Streptomyces which has isolated from soil. Streptomyces armeniacus produces streptopyrrole.
Streptomyces aurantiacus is a bacterium species from the genus Streptomyces which produces aurantin, pamamycin-621, aurantimycin A, aurantimycin B, aurantimycin C, aurantimycin D, dihydronancimycin and ancimycin.
Streptomyces bobili is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from garden soil. Streptomyces bobili produces aclacinomycin A, aclacinomycin B, aclacinomycin M, aclacinomycin S, aclacinomycin Y, cinerubin A, cinerubin B, sulfurmycin A, sulfurmycin B, sulfurmycin C, sulfurmycin D, sulfurmycin F, ferrimycin A1 and ferrimycin A2.
Streptomyces cremeus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from the Caucasus region in Russia. Streptomyces cremeus produces cremomycin.
Streptomyces cyaneofuscatus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Daghestan in Russia. Streptomyces cyaneofuscatus can be used for valinomycin biosynthesis.
Streptomyces griseoflavus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from garden soil. Streptomyces griseoflavus produces bicozamycin, colabomycins A, colabomycins C, germacradienol and hormaomycin.
Streptomyces griseoincarnatus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Russia. Streptomyces griseoincarnatus produces erygrisin. Streptomyces griseoincarnatus produces variapeptin, citropeptin, and ammosamide D.
Streptomyces microflavus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil. Streptomyces microflavus produces nemadectin, fattiviracin A1, milbemycin and deoxyuridines. Streptomyces microflavus also produces the ionophore valinomycin. Streptomyces microflavus is also known to cause potato common scab disease in Korea.
Streptomyces nashvillensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil. Streptomyces nashvillensis produces tetrodecamycin and bellenamine.
Streptomyces niveoruber is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which was isolated from soil from Grimsby in England. Streptomyces niveoruber produces cinerubin.
Streptomyces purpurascens is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil. Streptomyces purpurascens produces α-l-arabinofuranosidase, isorhodomycin A, rhodomycin A and rhodomycin B.
Streptomyces sioyaensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil. Streptomyces sioyaensis produces siomycine and altemicidin.
Streptomyces spiroverticillatus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Japan. Streptomyces spiroverticillatus produces tautomycin.
Streptomyces tendae is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in France. Streptomyces tendae produces carbomycin, streptofactin, geosmin, cervimycin A-D and nikkomycins. Also said to be the source of Tendamistat, an alpha amylase inhibitor.
Streptomyces tubercidicus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Japan. Streptomyces tubercidicus produces tubercidin and ascomycin.
Streptomyces violaceus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil. Streptomyces violaceus produces rhodomycine, violamycin-B5 and violarin B.
Streptomyces wedmorensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Pennsylvania in the United States. Streptomyces wedmorensis produces (S)-2-hydroxypropylphosphonic acid epoxidase, fosfomycin and phosphonomycin B.
